语法复习专题10 特殊句式
--- 倒装、强调、省略、感叹、反意及祈使句
热点考向一 倒装句
1. 完全倒装
(1) in for the killThere be＋主语＋...，此结构中的be有时用stand/exist/lie/live/flow/em等不及物动词代替。
There ems to be something wrong with the machine.
(2)英语单词速记 Here/There/Now/Then/Thus＋不及物动词＋名词
There goes the bell.Let's go into the lecture hall.
Be quick！Here comes the bus.
(3) Out/In/Up/Down/Away/Off/Back/Over＋不及物动词＋名词
Out rushed the children. Away flew the birds.
比较： Away they hurried.
(4) 介词短语(表地点)＋不及物动词＋主语
On the wall hang two large portraits.
At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful village.
(5) 表语＋连系动词＋主语(表语可以是：形容词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词)
Prent at the meeting were Professor White，Professor Smith and many other guests.
Gone are the days when women were looked down upon.
Seated in the first line are some advanced workers.
(6) Such＋be＋主语
Such are the facts；no one can deny them.
Such is Yiyangqianxi, a young handsome singer popular with Chine teenagers.
2. 部分倒装
(1) 用于以so，nor，neither开头的句子，表示重复前句的部分内容，须部分倒装，且此句的谓语应与前句的谓语在时态/形式上一致，但“so＋主语＋do”结构则表示对别人所说的情况加以肯定，它的主语与上文的主语相同，so相当于indeed，certainly。
Mary has learned by heart 200 words，and butso have I.
－The girls study hard. 这些女孩学习刻苦。
－So they do. 她们的确如此。
I don’t know it, nor do I care about it.
Tom doesn’t like bananas, neither/nor do I.
注意：当前面两件或两件以上的事也适合于另一人或物时, 通常用“so it is with. . . ”或“it is the same with. . . ”
Tom likes singing, but he doesn’t like dancing. So it is with Mary.
(2) 表示否定意义的副词、连词或短语置于句首时要部分倒装。这些词有not，never，hardly，ldom，scarcely，barely，little，no，nowhere，not only，not until，at no time，by no means，in no way，on no condition, han，when等。
By no means shall we give up.
At no time will China be the first to u the nuclear weapon.
Not a single mistake did he make.
Never before _________ I en such a moving film.
Not only _________ he forced to stay home, but also he had to do his homework.
(3) 档案 英语only置于句首修饰状语(副词、介词短语)或状语从句等时要用部分倒装。
Only after my friend came _______ the computer repaired.
Only then did I realize the importance of mathematics.
比较：Only he knows the cret.
(4) as引导的让步状语从句中(表语/状语/动词原形＋as＋主语)要用部分倒装。
Tired as he was，he stayed up late.
Explain as I might，I could not make mylf understood.
Child as he is，he knows a lot.
(5) 在so...that，hat句型中，当so，such引导的结构置于句首时要用部分倒装。
So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.
(6) 在when，han，not until句型中，主句要部分倒装。
Hardly had he arrived when it began to snow.= No sooner had he arrived than it began to snow.
(7) 在省略了if的虚拟条件句中，were，had或should置于句首。
Were I in your position, I would not go.
Had I attended the meeting, I would have met Jim.
(8) however，no matter how引导的让步状语从句。
However hard he worked，he couldn't solve the problem.= No matter how hard he worked,......斯芬克国际艺术教育
热点考向二 强调
翻译公司报价1. 强调句的基本句型
It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子剩余成分
(1) 强调人时可用who/that来连接，强调事物时用that。
所强调的可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。
It is I who/that am right.(强调主语)
It was him that/who/whom we met at the school gate.(强调宾语)
It was becau her mother was ill that she didn't go to work.(强调状语)
(2) 这种强调句的一般疑问句只需把is(was)提前。
Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out?
天津日语翻译 Is it Professor Wang who teaches you English?
(3) 它的特殊疑问句只需在一般疑问句前加上特殊疑问词。
Who was it that broke the window?
When was it that you called me yesterday?
What is it that you want me to do?
(4) 的强调句形式：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分。
He didn't go to bed until 11 o'clock last night.
→ It was not until 11 o'clock last night that he went to bed.
It was not until he took off his dark glass that I realized he was a famous film star.
判断一个句子是强调句型还是其他句型，最简单的方法就是“还原法”，即去掉强调句型的特有结构It ，若去掉这个结构后句子仍然成立，那该句型便是强调句型，否则，就可能是其他句型。
比较： (1) It was he who did all the cleaning.可以看出，去掉画线部分，句子仍然成立，故该句为强调句型。
（2）It is a pity that he has failed again. （ ）
（3）It is a question that needs careful consideration. ( )
（4）It was at six o’长度英文clock that I got up today. ( )
（5）It was six o’clock when I got up today. ( )
2. 用助动词强调谓语。not a bad thing
如果要强调时态为一般现在时或一般过去时的肯定句中的谓语动词，我们在该动词前加助动词do，does或did。
Many of the films are from the USA，but we do give awards to films from other countries.
He did come to e you last Sunday，but you were out.
