Styledelicate：In plain language, style is different ways of expressing the same or different things by different people for different purpos in different times.
Style is “the manner of expression in writing or speaking which changes at all times according to the actual situational elements, e.g., the participants, time, place, topic, etc. of the communicative events, from very formal to very informal.”
Stylistics is a branch of linguistics which studies style in a scientific and systematic way concerning the manners/ linguistic features of different varieties of language at different levels.
REGISTERs, are language varieties that are associated with the different u to which they are put. (Such varieties do not depend so much on the people who u the language, but on the occasion when it is ud. Different types of language are lected as appropriate to different types of occasion. The occasions can be classified along three dimensions, namely the field, tenor and mode of discour.)
Registers are distinctive language varieties ud in different types of situation which is jointly determined by the three contextual categories— field, mode and tenor. flexible
mrh>where is she
Field refers to the social activities in which language plays a part, e.g. a teacher lecturing to students, a lawyer advising a client,etc.
Mode of discour/medium refers to graphic signs (visual medium) or speech sounds (auditory medium) by means of which a message is conveyed from one person to another.
Tenor of discour refers to the personal relationships between addresr and addre——called PERSONAL TENOR, and what the addresr is trying to do with language for/ to his/her addre(s)— called FUNCTIONAL TENOR.
Texts can be en as a configuration(整体，集合） of the three contextual features and can be analyzed in terms of field, mode and tenor of discour.nobu
In stylistics, phonology is the study of the distinctive sound units and patterns they fall int
o.
Elision: omission of a sound or sounds in speech or in poems in order to achieve certain effects or maintain the entirety of meter.
Sound patterning
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It refers to the matching of identical or similar sound(s) between two or more words. This can be achieved with repetition of phonemes or/and syllables.
metrical pattern : the repetition of the same kind of foot in one line, e.g. all the feet are iambic or trochaic in a tetrameter line.
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Stress is the prominence given to one part of a word or longer utterance. What is concerned here is mainly stress in longer utterance, i.e. in a ntence or passage.
Intonation is the distinctive pattern of ri and fall in pitch taking place during connected speech. It determines the mood of the claus and ntences
Graphology refers to the writing system of a language. In stylistics, it studies symbols which are distinctive.
Semantics concerns with how meaning is achieved in a text as a whole.
In stylistic analysis, the level of mantics concentrates on how the cohesive devices, paragraphing, discour/text patterning, rhetorical devices contribute to the meaning of the text as a whole.
centalineReference refers to the phenomenon that some units of language can only be explained by referring to some other elements in the real world, in the text above or below.
Conjunction refers to the elements which connect the claus and ntences in a text, including conjunctions, conjunctive phras and adverbs, prepositional phras, such as afterwards, then, firstly, finally, besides.
A text is a stretch of language which forms a mantic unit and is COHESIVE in form (i.e. well connected in form) and COHERENT in meaning (i.e. naturally or reasonably inte
r-related in content)
A paragraph is a smaller mantic unit within a text which consists of ntences connected through the various cohesive devices.
Lexicology The study of the meaning of words and lexical items and their distribution in relation to one another;
Nonce Words: words coined for one occasion, especially in literary texts.
Neologisms: new words and expressions for new concepts and things
Slang --- characteristic of some social dialects
Colloquial --- intimate conversation, personal letters
Literal --- contracts, legal documents, formal letters
Archaism --- language of liturgy(religious ceremony), legal language, poetic language (antiqueness, solemnity)
Neologism --- news reporting, scientific writings
Jargon --- in science and technology
Argot /a:gou/(黑话) --- language ud by certain group of people such as thieves
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