介词Preposition
介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，它表示的是它后面的名词或代词 (或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句) 与其他句子成分的关系。
一、介词的分类
介词可分为下列三类：
1. 简单介词：
about, above, across, after, against, among, at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, besides, beyond, but, by, down, during, except, for, from, in, like, near, of, off, on, over, past, round, since, through, to, towards, under, until, till, up, with等
2. 合成介词：
inside, into, onto, outside, throughout, upon, within, without等
3. 短语介词：
according to, ahead of, along with, apart from, as for, as to, becau of, by means of, in front of, in spite of, instead of, on account of, on behalf of , owing to, due to, together with, up to, in/with regard to, next to等
介词不能单独充当句子成分，它必须与名词、代词或相当于名词作用的成分（动名词、名词性从句、疑问词+不定式）构成介词短语才能充当句子的成分。
It’s going to be sunny tomorrow according to the weather forecast.
How much money need I take with me?
She is fond of collecting stamps.
I wonder how we can finish the job in time.
He gave us some advice on how to learn English.
二、介词短语的句法功能
1. 作定语，例如：
I have lost the key to the door of my room.
我把房间的钥匙丢了。
Then a gentleman in black came forward.
感谢师恩这时一位穿黑衣服的先生走向前来。
2. 作状语，例如：
That was done without my knowledge and without my connt.
这件事我既不知道也没同意。
Don't stand under a tree during a thunderstorm.
雷雨时不要站在树下。
3. 作表语，例如：
The book is out of print.
这书已不再印行。
To be strict with a person is for his own good.
严是爱。
4. 作宾语补足语
padWhen he came to life, he fond himlf in a hospital.
当他苏醒时，他发现自己在一家医院里。
三、介词的固定搭配
ann kathrin1. At
1.[表示地点或位置]在…，经由 2.[表示时间]在…时（刻） 3.处于…状态
4.在…方面 5.向，朝，以…为目标 6.[表示速度、价格等]以
7.从事于，忙于 8.因为 9.根据，按照 10.出席，参加
11从一个间隔距离
be good at 精通于 be annoyed at 对……烦恼 be angry at 对……发怒
(take) aim at 瞄准 laugh at 因……而发笑 stare at 盯着看，凝视
at best 充其量 at first 开始 at large 自由地，未被捕地 at least 至少，起码
at length 最后，终于 at once 立即，马上 at prent 现在
at rest 休息，静止不动 at times 间或，有时 at the risk of 冒……的危险
at a speed of 以……的速度 be quick at 敏于做某事 be amazed at 吃惊
be slow at 对……反应慢 attempt at 试图，努力 glance at 瞥见
work at 从事，致力于 at fault 有错 at intervals 不时
at last 终于，最后 at leisure 有空，失业状态 at most 至多，不超过
at peace 平静 at random 随机，任意地 at a 茫然，迷惑
at work 在工作，在运转 at the price of 以……的价格 at the sight of 一看到
例如：
He was angry at his brother's remark.
他对他兄弟的批评很恼火。
I don't know him but he has been staring at me for ten minutes.john denver
我不认识他，但是他盯了我足有十分钟。
I know I am at fault.
我知道我错了。
The escaped prisoner is still at large.
那逃犯仍逍遥法外。
He is at prent away on his holidays.
他现在到外地度假去了。
2. About
1.在…周围，在…身边 2.在/去…各处 3.关于，对于 4.（时刻、大小、数量等）大约 5.从事于 6.[后接不定式]刚要，正准备
careful about 小心 particular about 对……讲究 careless about 粗心
doubtful about 对……怀疑 sure about 肯定 concerned about 担心
a complaint about 抱怨，叫屈 bring about 引起，带来
大量的英文care about 关心，介意 leave about 乱放，乱扔 anxious about 担心，想念
crazy about 迷恋 hopeful about 抱……希望 enthusiastic about 热心于
certain about 有把握 anxiety about 忧虑，担心 inquire about 询问
椅子的英语单词agree about 就……取得一致意见 hang about 闲荡，聚在……附近
come about 发生，产生 order about 不断差遣
例如：
How did it come about?
那事是怎样发生的?
She is crazy about pop music.
她对流行音乐着了迷。
English people are always making complaints about their weather.
英国人老是埋怨天气不好。
He is enthusiastic about the music of Brahams.高中英语教学设计
他热衷于布拉姆斯的乐曲。
Harry likes eating very much but he isn't very particular about the food he eats.
哈里很爱吃，但对他所吃的食物倒并不讲究。
3. Against
1.（反）对，违反 2.碰着 3.倚在，紧靠着 4.以…为背景 5.对…不利big city
6.以…为防御（或抵抗）对象 7.与…竞争 8.与…相邻
fight against 反对 vote against 投票反对 protect … against 保护……免受
stand against 反对，经受住 guard against 防护 protest against 反对，抗议
ri against 起来反抗 run against 对……不利，违反 strive against 与……作斗争
a defence against 防护，保卫 a protest against 抗议，反对
例如：
I protest against their criticism.
我对他们的批评提出抗议。
Tho clothes don't give you much protection against the cold.
那些衣服不能使你御寒。
He should guard against passing on dia to his family.
他应当注意别把病传给自己家里的人。
4. By
1.在…旁 2.在…身边/手头 3.[方向]偏于 4.沿，经由 5.经过…旁边
6.不迟于，到…时为止 7.[表示方法、手段]靠，用，通过 8.由于
9.根据，按 10.被，由 11.相差 12.逐批 13.[表示关系]就…来说
14.对待 15.对着…发誓
pull … by 拉住 by mistake 弄错，失误 by virtue of 凭借，由于
by means of 使用 by aid of 借助于 by way of 经由 by birth 天生
by nature 天生地 by profession 就职业而言 by heart 记住 by post 邮寄
catch … by 抓住 stand by 支持 by chance 偶然，碰巧 by turns 轮流
by appearance 从外表 by name 名叫，以名字 by far ……很多，最
by accident 偶然 by force 以武力，强迫地 by marriage 联姻而产生的
例如：
He is by nature a kind, generous fellow.南美肺鱼
他是个天性和蔼慷慨的人。交传
They nt the letter to me by mistake.
他们误把那封信送给了我。
The old Roman armies had veral generals who took command by turns.
