单细胞悬液制备⽅法汇总
⼀、外周⾎样本
(图⽚来源⽹络)
⼈外周⾎单个核细胞(Peripheralblood mononuclear cells ,PBMCs )的分离制备:
1)医院及其⾎液中⼼采取的新鲜的肝素抗凝的2ml外周静脉⾎备⽤;
2)将肝素抗凝的静脉⾎⽤等体积的PBS稀释并充分混匀;
3)将⼈淋巴细胞分离液ficoll从 4 °C 取出,恢复⾄室温,取4ml转移⾄15ml 试管中备⽤;
4)⽤⽆菌吸管吸取稀释后的静脉⾎,沿管壁缓慢⼊⾄⼈淋巴细胞分离液液⾯上
(ficoll分离液:抗凝⾎1:1),缓缓地不要晃荡,保持界⾯的清楚;
5)将加完外周静脉⾎后的 50 ml 试管放⼊台式离⼼机中,2200 rpm ⽔平离⼼,
室温 25 min,注意离⼼机升降速都调⾄最慢,降速设置中⼀定要设置成no break,或者只有1成的制动。
6)离⼼完毕后,⼩⼼取出15 ml 试管,离⼼后管内可分为三层,在上、中层界⾯处有⼀层以单个核细胞为主的⽩⾊云雾层狭窄带,即为我们所需要的单个核细胞;
7)⽤⽆菌吸管吸取⽩⾊云雾层狭窄带的单个核细胞,并置于另⼀ 15 ml 离⼼管
中,加⼊5mlPBS,1500 rpm,室温离⼼ 5min,并充分洗涤细胞两次;
8)末次离⼼后,弃去上清,加⼊完全 RPMI 1640 培养液重悬细胞,充分混匀;
9)⽤⽩细胞计数液计数单个核细胞,根据实验所需,加⼊完全 1640培养液调整细胞浓度到所需要的浓度。
⼆、组织样本
(图⽚来源⽹络)
常见的组织类型:⼩⿏脾脏、肝脏、⼼脏、肺脏、脑组织、肿瘤组织、⼈肿瘤组织、⽪肤组织……
传统组织处理⽅法:
机械法:⽹搓法、研磨法
i d
适⽤样本类型:脾脏、淋巴结、胸腺
⽹搓法
1、将300 ⽬尼龙⽹扎在⽆菌的⼩烧杯上;
2、把剪碎的组织放在⽹上,以眼科镊⼦轻轻搓组织块,边搓边加⽣理盐⽔冲洗,直到将组织搓完;
3、收集细胞悬液于离⼼管中, 1500rpm离⼼5min;
4、弃上清液,加红细胞裂解液重悬沉淀,室温作⽤5min ,加等体积的PBS 中和后,1500rpm 离⼼5min ,弃上清,⽤PBS 洗涤⼀次,再⽤PBS 重悬,细胞计数后即可使⽤。
研磨法
1、先将组织剪成1-2mm ⼤⼩组织块;
2、放⼊组织研磨器中,转动研棒,研⾄匀浆;
3、加⼊10ml ⽣理盐⽔,冲洗研磨器;
grounds4、收获细胞悬液,并经200⽬尼龙⽹过滤,1500rpm 离⼼5min ;
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5、弃上清液,加红细胞裂解液重悬沉淀,室温作⽤5min ,加等体积的PBS 中和后,1500rpm 离⼼5min ,弃上清,⽤PBS 洗涤⼀次,再⽤PBS 重悬,细胞计数后即可使⽤。
酶解法:胰蛋⽩酶类、胶原酶、溶菌酶、弹性蛋⽩酶
适⽤样本类型:肝脏、肾脏、⼼脏、肺脏、脊髓、脑、肠道、⽪肤、肿瘤等;
操作步骤:
1、先将组织剪成泥状。
2 、⽤胰蛋⽩酶或胶原酶消化组织块,胰蛋⽩酶适⽤千消化细胞间质较少的软组织,如胚胎、上⽪、肝、肾等组织。胰蛋⽩酌⼯作浓度⼀般为 0. 1 %—0 . 5 % 。对于纤维较多的组织或较硬的癌组织常⽤0 . 25 %胶原酶,胶原酌对组织中胶原蛋⽩类结构消化作⽤强,它仅对细胞间质有消化作⽤⽽对上⽪细胞影响不⼤。胶原酶常⽤浓度为 0 . 1—0 . 3ug / ml ,⽤⼤于组织量30—50 倍的胰蛋⽩酶液或胶原酶液在 37°C ,摇床上消化组织,消化时间的长短依组织类型⽽定,⼀般来说,胰蛋⽩酶油作⽤ 20—60 min ,胶原酶需1—4h 左右,⼀般还会加⼊DNA 核酸内切酶。
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3、消化完毕后,将细胞悬液通过200⽬孔径尼龙⽹过滤,以除掉未充分消化的组织;
4、已过滤的细胞悬液经1500rpm 离⼼5min 后,弃上清液,加红细胞裂解液重悬沉淀,室温作⽤5min ,加等体积的PBS 中和后,1500rpm 离⼼5min ,弃上清,⽤PBS 洗涤⼀次,再⽤PBS 重悬,细胞计数后即可使⽤。
下表整理了⼈和⼩⿏常见的不同组织处理⽅法,并附上参考⽂献,此内容来源于Worthington :Species Cells
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Concentration on The Isolation
of Small Adipocytes from Human
Buccal Fat Pad., J Oral Sci ,
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Human 脂肪细胞Collagena Type 1: 0.1%Epigenome-wide Association
Study of Body Mass Index, and
the Adver Outcomes of
Adiposity, Nature541, 81, 2017
Human 基质细胞胶原酶2型:0.075%Ultrasound-Assisted Liposuction
Provides a Source for
Functional Adipo-Derived
Stromal Cells., Cytotherapy 19,
1491-1500, 2017
Human ⾻髓基质细胞 胶原酶1型:0.075%Menchymal Stromal Cells
Protect Human Cardiomyocytes
from Amyloid Fibril Damage, Cytotherapy 19, 1426-
1437, 2017
Human
间充质⼲细胞胶原酶2型:0.2%Adipogenic Differentiation of
Menchymal Stem Cells Alters
Their Immunomodulatory
Properties in a Tissue-Specific Manner., Stem Cells 35, 1636-1646, 2017
Human脂肪源内⽪
细胞胶原酶1型:0.1%Autologous Cell Sources in
Therapeutic Vasculogenesis: In
Vitro and In Vivo Comparison of
Endothelial Colony-Forming
Cells from Peripheral Blood and
Endothelial Cells Isolated from
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Oxygen Species Generation
Promotes Stemness in Human
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Cells,Cytotherapy 18, 371-83,
2016
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胞胶原酶4型:0.2%Effect of Mild Heat Stress on the
Proliferative and Differentiative
Ability of Human Menchymal
Stromal Cells., Cytotherapy17,
359-68, 2015
Human脂肪⼲细胞胶原酶2型:0.1%Expression Analysis of Human
Adipo-Derived Stem Cells
During In Vitro Differentiation to
an Adipocyte Lineage., BMC
Med Genomics 8, 41, 2015
Human脂肪基质胶原酶1
型:0.075%Therapeutic Potential of
Adipo-Derived SSEA-3-Positive Mu Cells for Treating Diabetic Skin Ulcers.,Stem Cells Transl Med 4, 146, 2015
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胞胶原酶1型:0.1%Differential Effects of Processing
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Collagena Digestion on
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Grafts.,Plast Reconstr Surg 136,
189e-199e, 2015
Human脂肪基质⾎
管细胞中性蛋⽩酶:2.4
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毫升
nutshellHuman White and Brite
Adipogenesis is Supported by
MSCA1 and is impaired by
Immune Cells., Stem Cells 33,
1277-91, 2015
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充质⼲细胞胶原酶2型:0.1% Defined Serum-Free Media for
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canflyCells., Cytotherapy 16, 915,
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on Proliferation and
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Abilities.,Cytotherapy 16, 789,
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Characteristics of Human
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Gradient Centrifugation and Red
Blood Cell Lysis Buffer Treatment Purification Methods., Cytotherapy 16, 1220-8, 2014
Human脂肪间质⼲
细胞动物游离胶原
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Xenofree Enzymatic Products for
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Analysis., J Tissue Eng Regen
Med 7, 864, 2013
Human脂肪⼲细胞胶原酶1型:0.1%Platelet-Rich Plasma Greatly
Potentiates Insulin-Induced
Adipogenic Differentiation of
Human Adipo-Derived Stem
Cells Through a
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细胞胶原酶2型:0.1%An Abundant Perivascular
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三、贴壁细胞
(图⽚来源⽹络)
贴壁细胞(adherent cells):活体体内细胞当离体置于体外培养时⼤多数以贴壁⽅式⽣长,主要包括正常细胞(例如:成纤维细胞、巨噬细胞、神经胶质细胞、⼼肌细胞以及肝、肺、肾、乳腺、⽪肤细胞等)和肿瘤细胞。
胰蛋⽩酶消化
胰蛋⽩酶:最常⽤,浓度⼀般0.25%-5%,37℃消化时间⼀般1-5min,⽤⾎清终⽌;
四、脱落细胞
(图⽚来源⽹络)
临床上常见的脱落细胞经过简单处理就能制备成单细胞悬液,⽤于后续实验,具体操作:
1、⾷管拉⽹细胞的单细胞悬液的制备:
(1)将⾷管拉⽹器上的细胞洗脱到10ml PBS液中, 1500rpm,5min离⼼后,再⽤PBS液洗2次,800rpm,离⼼2min,弃上清;
(2)再加⼊PBS液5ml,以300⽬尼龙滤⽹过滤,离⼼沉淀去上清;
(3)加少许PBS液混匀沉淀细胞,备⽤。
2、胸、腹⽔脱落细胞的制备
(1)抽取胸、腹⽔50ml,加⼊1000U/ml肝素液1ml,放盐⽔瓶中置于4℃冰箱中静置6~12h,弃去上清;
(2)将底部10~20ml⽤长吸管移⼊试管中,⽤PBS液洗3次,以1500r/min离⼼沉淀5min;
(3)再加5ml PBS液混匀,⽤300⽬尼龙滤⽹过滤,离⼼沉淀去上清;
(4)加少许PBS液,混匀;加固定液或低温保存,备⽤。
3、冲洗液细胞样品的制备
(1)⽤300~500ml⽣理盐⽔冲洗膀胱,冲洗⼀定时间后,吸出冲洗液放⼊容器中于冰箱内置6~12h;
(2)取沉淀液20~40ml,离⼼沉淀并以⽣理盐⽔洗2次,吸上清;
(3)加10ml PBS液,混匀,以300⽬尼龙滤⽹过滤,离⼼沉淀去上清;
(4)过滤后1000rpm/min,10min,离⼼沉淀,去上清;加固定液或低温保存备⽤。