With the national unemployment rate near double digits and credit markets tight, now is a great time to start a business. Really, it is. Think about it: thousands of workers can’t find jobs, so the talent pool is large and cheap.
Good jobs em less cure as companies cut hours and salaries so people are more likely to risk working for a startup. True, loans and venture capital funding are harder to cure, but even that is more of a hurdle than roadblock. “It’s so hard to rai money during a recession that people now have to sort through their ideas,” says James Shein, a professor at the Northwestern University Kellogg School of Management.
Many successful companies were started during periods of economic downturns, including Microsoft and Southwest Airlines. The business don’t share any single startup formula for success, according to business historians. Instead, it is a combination of luck, good ideas and the willingness to work killer hours.
Microsoft was, for example, incubated during the recession and oil crisis of the mid 1970s. The company began modestly in New Mexico in 1975, when friends Paul Allen and Bill Gat
es developed a computer language for personal computers that was quickly copied by other programmers. In an open letter to software writers, Gates called for an end to unauthorized copying and made the ca to have coders be paid for their work. By 1981, Gates had expanded company and partnered with IBM which ran Microsoft products and operating systems in its new personal computers.
树冠的读音
For Southwest, finding success meant emotion什么意思finding a niche. In 1971, it started limited flights between Dallas, Houston, and San Antonio. Unlike other airlines, Southwest did not assign ating or offer any food or entertainment on the flights. It also didn’t operate out of expensive major airport hubs where they have to go head-to-head with established carriers. “It ud the tactic of avoiding competition and, at the same time, being the low-cost player during a bad time,” D’Aveni says. “In a time period which could have been hostile, they were insulated becau of their low prices and operating model”. With fares that were 50-70 percent cheaper than their competitors, Southwest was able to democratize air travel.
复旦中学
随着全国失业率接近两位数和信贷市场的紧缩，目前正值创业的良机。情况的确如此。想想吧：由于成千上万的工人找不到工作，人才资源丰富而且廉价。而由于企业缩减工时和薪水，好工作似乎不如以前那么大声说英语有保障了，人们因而也会更可能甘冒为企业工作的风险。不错，获得贷款和风险投资固然更难，但即便如此，这些也只是绊脚石而非拦路虎pupils是什么意思。“在经济衰退时很难筹集资金，所以人们现在只能自己去想办法。”
结点
很多成功企业都是在经济衰退期创立的，这当中就包括微软及美国西南航空公司。在工商业史学家看来，这也企业的成功并无单一的模式可循。相反，它们的成功综合了运气、好想法以及甘愿牺牲休息时间等因素。
例如，微软就是在上世纪70年代中期经济衰退和石油危机中孕育而出的。1975年，保罗·艾伦和比尔·盖茨这对朋友开发了一种用于个人电脑的计算机语言并很快被其他程序员抄袭，微软就这样在墨西哥悄然诞生。在一封致软件编程者的公开信中，盖茨呼吁停止未经授权的抄袭行为并从此开了软件编程者为其劳动成果收费之先河。到了1981年，盖茨已将公司发展壮大并与IBM携手，由后者在其新款电脑上安装运行微软的产品及操作系统。对于西南航空来说，寻求成功意味着寻找一个独到的市场切入点。它与1971年在达拉斯、休
紫色英语怎么读斯敦和圣安东尼奥之间开通了廉价的航班。跟其他航空公司不同，西南航空并不在航班上指定座位和提供任何食品及娱乐内容。它的运营地点也避开了那些费用不菲的主要航空枢纽，以免与那些根基深厚的航空公司短兵相接。达文尼说：“它采取了避开竞争对手的策略，同时，它还是萧条时期的一个低成本运营者。在一个竞争白热化时期，它们凭借低廉的价格及运营模式得以独善其身。”由于票价比竞争对手们便宜50%到成人高考英语试题>federalrerve70%admit，西南航空使航空旅行实现了大众化。
