美国概况要点名词解释（优秀范文5篇）
新年快乐英语怎么写
matter什么意思第一篇：美国概况 要点名词解释
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1.the Boston Massacre：The Boston Massacre took place before the American War of
then是什么意思Independence.In 1768 some English troops under General Gage were nt to the colonies to help tax-collectors.The people of the colonies hated the soldiers.In the spring of 1770 in Boston, some of the English troops fired at the people.After the event, a big meeting was called，demanding that the English troops should be removed.This showed that the people in the colonies began their struggle against the British rule.2.“Winner-take-all” principle: This is a kind of principle in American Presidential election.The voters of a state have to choo between a Democratic list and a Republican list.If the candidates of a party for “eletors” in a given state receive a majority of the total vote, then the party is entitled to have all the electoral votes for that state, even though a presidential receives only slightly more than electoral votes of that state.3.the American Civil Rights Movement: It mainly refers to the American black People's struggle against the racial discrimination in 1960's.As
early as in 1950's,the black people once struggled against gregation in schools.In 1960, the blacks in 20 states held a large-scale sit-in
demonstration protesting against racial gregation.In 1961 the blacks held a freedom-rides
against gregation on bus.Under the out-standing leader Martin Luther King, the Civil Rights Movement went still further in mid-1960s.There was a march on Washington for ”Jobs and
Freedom”.So in 1964 the Civil Rights Act was pasd.This movement shows the American black people's bravery and confidence in their struggles for equal rights and liberty.4.Monroe Doctrine:Monroe Doctrine was a kind of American foreign policy when some European countries formed the Holy Alliance which emed ready to put down the South America revolutions.In 1823 President James Monroe nt a massage to Congress.This is known as “Monroe Doctrice”.One of the main points says “The European Countries ought not star any new colonies in North or South American.” As a re
sult, it stopped the Holy Alliance’s program and also revealed the United States’ desire of overas expansion.5.The New Deal: to deal with the Great Depression.Franklin D.Roovelt made a program known as the ”New Deal”.Roovelt took efforts to cosolidate the old marker at abroad and also to conquer new ones.At home, many public project, were launched to create employment big industries made reforms.Roovelt also took some measures of “social curity”.The “New Deal” relaxed the economic crisis, made some concessions to the working people.6.The Muckraker: a group of reform-minded journalists, made investigations and expod various dark sides of the emingly prosperous society.Their publications helped stir American conscience and make the progressive movement a national one.7.Manifest Destiny: it meant that the outward was inevitable, that the United States was driven on by a divine force that should not be denied.It reflected the view that the Lord had intended the United States to control the entire North American continent.1.What important measures did Abraham Lincoln take during the Civil War? How do you evaluate them?---During American Civil War, Abraham Lincoln took two important measures, one is the “Homestead Bill”, the other is the “Eman
cipation Proclamation”.During the first stage of the war from 1861 to 1862, the North was in an unfavorable condition.The North army could not get much support from farmers and Negroes, becau many farmers had not got enough land and Negroes had been still enslaved.So they had no interest in the war.In order to get support from the broad mass, Lincoln took the two measures.In May1862 Lincoln issued the Homestead Bill, and this stimulated the development of capitalist agriculture in the South, greatlysmoothie
encouraged farmers.In September 1962, Lincoln issued the famous “Emancipation Proclamation” , freeing a great number of the slaves in the South and permitting them to join the armed forces of the North.After issuing the two measures, Lincoln”s army became much stonger and got more support from the broad mass.Finally Lincoln won the war.2.What are the three branches of the vernment? What are the main functions of the three branches?---In the vernment three branches: the executive, the legislative and the judicial branches.The executive branch is headed by the President, consists of eleven departments and many independent agencies.The President performs many functions.He is the head of the government and chief of state.T
he President can negotiate foreign treaties, appoint government officials, command the armed forces.He makes foreign policy.He may introduce legislative bill to Congress.The legislative branch refers to Congress.Only Congress has the right to make laws.It is the supreme legislative body of the nation.It is made of two hous—the nate and the Hou of the Reprentatives.The judicial branch refers to the Supreme Court and some inferior courts.The Supreme Court is the highest court of the whole land and has the sole right to interpret the Constitution and review laws to e whether they are in agreement with the Constitution.The Supreme Court is headed by a Chief Justice and eight other justices.3.Give a brief account of the U.S.overas invasion and expansion in the 20th century.---By the end of the 19th century the United States had grown into a highly developed industrial country and reached the stage of imperialism.Then it began its overas expansion.As early as 1899 ,the United States ,took East Samoa as her colony.And Hawaii fell into her control in 1893.In 1898 U.S.Congress declared war on Spain.In 1903 the U.abbed a big slice of the Panama territory in the lled canal zone.It invaded China by means of both force and culture.In 1906 it put down the C
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uban uprising.During the two world wars, the U.S.also extented its economic and military influences over Far East, Europe and the Pacific Region.After the war, the U.S.started its “Cold War”, and established NATO against the Soviet Union.In 1950 it invaded Korea.In 1964 the U.S.started long year’s Vietnam War.In 1970 it cast its troops to Cambodia.In 1990s the U.S.attacked Iraq and Kosovo.In a word, the United States never stops its aggression and expansion.4.The progressive movement 进步运动A movement demanding government regulation of the economy and social conditions, spread quickly with the support of large numbers of people across the country./The Progressive Movement was not an organized campaign with clearly defined goals.Rather, it was a number of diver efforts at political, social, and economic reforms./In spite of limitations of the movement, it brought about changes and improvement in many fields.
第二篇：美国加拿大概况要点
USA BASIC INFO
1the first ttlement in North America
The first English permanent ttlement was organized in 1607 by the London Company with a charter from the English King.The colonists ttled in Virginia and survived by imposing strict discipline on them and by transplanting tobacco in the colony of Virginia.In 1619, the ttlers elected their delegates and t up the Hou of Burgess, and the same time they bought and enslaved black rvants.The two greatly influenced the political and social development of the United States later.2the religion reform and leaders
可恶的英文
In the Religious Reformation, Martin Luther, a German professor of theology, believed that sinful men could win salvation neither by good works nor through the church or the pope.And the only true guide to the will of god was the Bible.John Calvin, a Frenchman, who had fled to Switzerland, started his reform movement.In England, King Henry VIII,(8th)becau of the political disputes with the Roman Catholic Church and his marital problems broke away from the Roman Catholic Church and t up the Church of England, and he became the head of the Church.3the founding father of Unite State Benjamin Franklindrafted Declaration of Independence
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Thomas Jefferson
George Washington the commander of Continental Army and Navy
4the cau of American Revolution
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商务英语口语900句By the early 1760s, the 13 colonies in North America had developed a similar American pattern in politics, economy and cultural life and enjoyed the same frontier environment.As a result, they were ready to parate themlves from the old world.The American Revolution officially proclaimed the birth of a new nation of Americans.3 civilizations
Aztecs, 阿兹台克Incas, Mayas
6Bill of Rights
The Bill of Rights consists of the first 10 amendments which were added to the Constitution in1791.The Bill of Rights was pasd to guarantee freedom and individual rig
hts such as freedom of speech, the right to asmble public places, the right to own weapons and so on.7check and balance p58
Three-part national government, they often refer to what they call its system of “check and balances”.The system works in many ways to keep rious mistakes from being made by one branch or another.declaration of independence
