英国文学复习要点〔教材X炳善《英国文学简史》〕
Part One: Early and Medieval
1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements.
*2. Romance 〔名词解释〕
(1).The basic material of medieval romance is knightly activity and adventure; we might best define medieval romance as a story of adventure--fictitious, frequently marvelous or supernatural--in ver or pro.
控制器英文(2).A long composition describing the life and adventures of a noble hero. The central character was the knight, a man of noble birth skilled in the u of weapons who was very devoted to the king or to the church.
(3).One who wanted to be a knight should rve patiently until he was admitted to the knighthood with solemn ceremony and the swearing of oaths.burning是什么意思
The Nature of the Romance:
(4).The Nature of the Romance:
1）Themes: Loyalty to the king and the lord, which was the corner-stone of feudal morality.
2）The audience was of noble people from the court or the castle.
3）The Romance had nothing to do with the common people.
4）The Romance were written for the noble, of the noble and in most cas by the poets patronized by the noble.moni
*3. Piers the Plowman. Over 7000 lines, written by William Langland.
*4. Ballad民谣〔名词解释〕
1.A short narrative poem with stanzas of two or four lines and usually a refrain. The story,f
olklore popular legends. straightforward ver, s with graphic simplicity and force. suitable for singing generally written in ballad meter, with the last words of the cond and fourth lines rhyming.
2.the subjects of Ballad:
(1) the struggle of young lovers who are fight against the feudalism
(2) the conflict between love and wealth
不要说爱我(3) the cruelty of jealousy
(4) the criticism of the civil warmagic number
(5) the matters of class struggles.5. Character of Robin Hood
1.Robin Hood--- A legendary English hero of many ballads, who robbed the rich to give to the poor; a popular model of courage, generosity and justice.
日语同声传译
2. strong, brave, clever, tender-hearted, affectionate. H拍手歌英文版atred to the cruel oppressors, love for the poor and the downtrodden
*6. Geoffrey Chaucer桥搜: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet)
7. Heroic couplet (名词解释)
A heroic couplet is a traditional form for English poetry, commonly ud for epic and narrative poetry; it refers to poems constructed from a quence of rhyming pairs of iambic pentameter lines.
新冠肺炎英文名修订为covid 19
Troditional form for english poetry, commonly ud for epic and narrative poetry, a quence of rhyming paris of iambic pentameter.
8. The Authorized Version of English Bible and its significance.*9. Renaissance〔名词解释〕
1.a cultural and artistic movement in England from the early 16th century to the early 17th century.
The Renaissance marks a transition from the medieval to the modern world. The Renaissance is a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers and scholars made attempts:
(1)to get rid of tho old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe,
(2)to introduce new ideas that expresd the interests of the rising bourgeoisie,
(3)to recover the purity of the early church from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church.
vbe*10.Thomas More——Utopia
*11. Sonnet〔名词解释〕
The sonnet is a poem in 14lines with one or the other rhyme schme,a form much in vogue in Renaissance Europe, expecially in Italy ,France and England.
In 1609 appeared Shakespeare’s sonnets.The Sonnets were written over a number of years, probably beginning in the early 1590s.
12. Blank ver〔名词解释〕13. Edmund Spenr
“The Faerie Queene〞; Amoretti (collection of his sonnets)
Spenrian Stanza〔名词解释〕
Stanza form developed by Edmund Spenr and almost certainly influenced by rhyme royal and ottava rima. Spenr's stanza has nine lines and is rhymed a-b-a-b-b-c-b-c-c. The first eight lines of the stanza are in iambic pentameter and the last line in iambic hexameter. He ud this form in his epicpoem The Faerie Queene. JohnKeats, a great admirer of Spenr, ud this stanza in his poem The Eve of St. Agnes.
*14. Francis Bacon “essays〞 esp. “Of Studies〞〔本文用词正式优雅，多排比句和长句，语言造诣非常高，里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句，非常值得一读〕*16.William Shakespeare可以说是英国文学史中最重要的作家。四大喜剧〔A Midsummer Night's Dream-The Merchant of Venice-As You Like It-Twelfth Night〕，四大悲剧〔Macbeth-King
Lear-Hamlet-Othello〕 比较重要，此外就是罗密欧与朱丽叶了，这些剧的主题，背景，情节，最重要的喜剧作品是Hamlet这是肯定的。他的sonnets，最重要属sonnet 18。〔其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗〕
