1994年英译汉试题
71) Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as becau of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tool.
他们说，科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见，不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等更为普通的东西
72) In short, a leader of the new school contends, the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and u of a ries of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable direction.
新学派的一位领袖人物坚持说：简而言之，我们所谓的科学革命，主要是指一系列器具的改进、发明和使用，而这些改进、发明和使用使科学发展无所不及
73) Over the years, tools and technology themlves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science.
connector工具和技术本身作为根本性创新的源泉多年来在很大程度上被历史学家和科学思想家们忽视了。bathroom怎么读
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74) Galileo's greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the earth.
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伽利略的最光辉业绩在于他在1609年第一个把新发明的望远镜对准天空，以证实行星是围绕太阳旋转而不是围绕地球旋转的。
75) Whether the Government should increa the financing of pure science at the expen of technology or vice versa often depends on the issue of which is en as the driving force.
政府究竟是以减少对技术经费的投入来增加对纯理论科学的经费投入，还是相反，这往往取决于把哪一方看作是驱动力量。
1995年英译汉试题
71) The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent urs.
把标准化测试作为抨击的目标是错误的，因为在抨击这类测试时，批评者没有注意到测试的弊病在于使用测试的人对测试不甚了解或使用不当。
72) How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information ud and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.
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这些测试在多大程度上为后来的表现所证实，这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适应性，以及解释这些信息的技能和才智。
73) Whether to u tests, other kinds of information, or both in a particular situation depends, therefore, upon the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity and upon such factors as cost and availability.
因此，在某一特定情况下，究竟是采用测试还是其他种类的信息，或是两者兼用，须凭有
关相对效度的经验依据而定，也取决于诸如费用和有无来源等因素。
74) In general, the tests work most effectively when the qualities to be measured can be most precily defined and least effectively when what is to be measured or predicted can not be well defined.
一般的说，当所要测定的特征能很精确界定时，测试最为有效；而当所要测定或预测的东西不能明确地界定时，测试的效果则最差。
75) For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.
例如，测试并不弥补明显的社会不公，因此它们不能说明一个物质条件差的年轻人，如果在较好的环境下成长的话，会有多大才干。
1996年英译汉试题
(1)Some of the caus are completely reasonable results of social needs. Others are reasonable conquences of particular advances in science being to some extent lf-accelerating.
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译文：flops在这些原因中，有些完全是社会需求的必然结果/自然而然地来自社会需求，而另一些原因则是由于科学在一定程度上自我加速而产生某些特定发展的必然结果。
(2)This trend began during the Second World War, when veral governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreen in detail.
译文：这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间，当时一些国家的政府得出结论：政府向科研机构提出的具体要求通常是无法详尽预见的。
(3)This ems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of rearch not related to immediate goals but of possible conquence in the future.
译文：通过支持与当前目标无关但对将来可能会产生影响的某些科学研究，这一问题看来
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能最有效地得到解决。
(4)However, the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world's more fascinating and delightful aspects.
译文：然而，世界就是如此创造的，以至于完美的体系一般而言都不能解决一些世界上更加引人入胜的问题。
pojo(5)New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must ari in the future as they have in the past, giving ri to new standards of elegance.
译文：就像过去那样，将来也必然会出现新的思维方式和新的思维对象，从而给完美以新的标准。
1997walker shop年英译汉试题
(6)Actually, it isn't, becau it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have.
译文：实际上，这一问法并不存在/事实并非如此，因为这种问法认为这儿存在一种对人权的共同认识，而这种共同认识在世界上并不存在。
(7)Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.
译文：有些哲学家认为，权利只是存在于社会契约之中，并作为责任与权利相交换的一部分。
(8)It leads the discussion to extremes at the outt: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all.
译文：这种说法从一开始就将讨论引向两个极端，它使人们认为应该这样对待动物：要么像对人类自身一样关切体谅，要么就是完全冷漠无情。
(9)Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice.
