常见音响英语缩写名词、缩略语英汉注释
AAD(Analo gue t ape/A nalog ue mi xing-editi ng an d Dig italtaperecor der u d d uring)
指录音及后期制作皆为模拟（A）方式，而只有制片使用数字（D）方式的CD唱片制作。
Analo g Ana log D igita l (au dio C D rec ordin g for mat,recor ding/mixin g/mas terin g)
A nalog ue ta pe re corde r use d dur ing s essio n rec ordin g and subs equen t mix ing a nd/or
edit ing;digit al ta pe re corde r use d dur ing m aster ing.
A/B试听比较(A/B c ompar ison)
指对两种不同的音乐重放方式进行的反复试听比较。
Thi s inv olveA/B a uditi on to comp are a nd co nfirm what is b etter. Typ icall y, ch angeone c ompon ent a t a t ime t o fin d out what is a bett er co mbina tion.
A-B rep eat
指在A-B段中重复循环播放或者使用。
Repe titiv e cyc le br oadca st or ufromA toB.
ABC(a uto b aan d cho rd)
自动低音和弦
a bsolu te po larit y 绝对极性
在用绝对极性正确的音响系统播放绝对极性正确的录音制品时，音箱所产生的正向声压便会和原始声音的正向声压一致。绝对极性不对时，便会有180°的相位差。对于有些乐器，有些人是能听出绝对极性的正确与否的。
A C lin e-con ditio ner 电源净化器
指专门用来滤去交流供电电源中的噪声和防止音响器材受到电压峰值和浪涌损害的一种音响辅助器材。有些电源净化器甚至还可用来防止闪电的损伤。其实，电源净化器便是一种特别设计和制作的滤波器。
Anew A C lin e con ditio ner w ith h igh i nputpower fact or an d cle an AC outp ut vo ltage s for isol ating thelinea r ornonli nearloads is i ntrod uced. An A C/DCrecti fierwithswitc h-cla mpedtopol ogy i s ado ptedto dr aw th e bal anced sinu soida l lin e cur rentfromthe A C sup ply s ystem. A t hree-leg i nvert er wi th sw itch-clamp ed to polog y isadopt ed in the
syste m toprovi de cl ean A C out put v oltag es to thecriti cal o r n sitiv e
loa ds. E xperi menta l res ultsshowthe v alidi ty an d eff ectiv eness of t he pr opose d con trolstrat egy.
aco ustic abso rbed吸声材料
指任何一种能够吸收声波的材料，比如地毯、窗帘以及盖以厚实布套的家俱等等。
acous tic d iffus er 声扩散器
指任何能够扩散声波的材料或器件。
ac ousti c fee dback声反馈
音箱发出的声音会使LP唱盘、话筒等拾音设备产生振动，此振动又被变换为电信号，并再次由音箱重放出来。在这种反馈过程中，振动因自身的反馈而会越来越加强。会场中的扩音设备因音量过大而发出的啸叫，便是这种声反馈。
acou sticpanel abso rber吸声板
指利用隔板作用来吸收从低频到中频的一种吸声器材。当有声波射到吸声板上时，吸声板便会振动，从而将声能变换为板中小部分的热能。
Man y app licat ionshavebeenfound forthe m icrop erfor atedpanel (MPP) abs orber, onwhich theperfo ratio ns ar e red ucedto su bmill imete r siz e sothattheythems elves will
prov ide e nough acou sticresis tance andalsosuffi cient ly lo w aco ustic mass reac tance
nece ssary fora wid e-ban d sou nd ab sorbe r. Th e mos t imp ortan t par amete r ofthe M PP is foun d tobe th e per forat e con stant k wh ich i s pro porti onalto th e rat io of theperfo ratio n rad ius t o the visc ous b ounda ry la yer t hickn ess i nside theholes.
Thi s, to gethe r wit h the rela tive(to t he ch aract erist ic ac ousti c imp edanc e inair)
acous tic r esist ancer and thefrequ encyf0 of maxi mum a bsorp tionof th e MPP abso rber, deci des t he en tirestruc tureof th e MPP abso rberand i ts fr equen cy ch aract erist ics.In
ot her w ords, theMPP a bsorb er ma y bedesig ned a ccord ing t o the requ iredabsor bingchara cteri stics in t ermsof th e par amete rs k, r, a nd f0. For mulas andcurve s are pres ented towa rd th is en d.
It is s hownthatthe M PP ab sorbe r has trem endou s pot entia l for wide-band abso rptio n upto 3or 4octav es an d for low-frequ encyabsor ption with a ca vityof de pth s mallcompa red t o the wave lengt h. Te chniq ues o f mak ing m inute hole s (of 0.1–0.3 m m, sa y)
ha ve to be d evelo ped,thoug h.
Th e pan el re sonan ce al waysaffec ts th e abs orpti on ch aract erist ics o f mic roper forat ed-pa nel (MPP)absor ber.In th is pa per,t he th eoret icalanaly sis o f the effo rt is made. And
thro ugh l ots o f exp erime nts o f MPP, dif feren t mat erial s, di ffere nt di amete r of
perfo ratio ns, d iffer ent p ercen tageof pe rfora ted a rea,under inte rmedi ate f reque ncy a nd
lo wer f reque ncy s tandi ng tu bes,the r ulesof th e eff ort a re di scuss ed. S o som e pra ctica l sol ution s are obta ined.
Ac ousti c col oring声染色
声染色(col orati on)指在音响系统中，由某一音响器材所引起的声音的改变。有声染色的音箱便不能精确地重放出加给音箱的声信号。比如，有声染色的音箱可能会重放出过多的低音，而在高音方面则有所欠缺。
T he no tionof th e mor ningragamay t hen b e tho ughtof as an a uralmetho d ofcolor ing t he mi nd of theliste ner,throu gh acombi natio n ofvario us ac ousti c.
Acous tic C ouple r 声偶合
通常指声音通过物理介质机械传输的过程，但是现在很多地方已经有声/电转换的介入了。
A coust ic Co upler
1.An in terfa ce de vicefor c oupli ng el ectri cal s ignal s byacous tical mean s--us ually into andout o f a t eleph one i nstru ment. An a coust ic co upler is a hard waredevic e tha t ena blesa mod em (a devi ce th at co nvert s sig nalsfromanalo g todigit al an d fro m dig italbackto
an alog) to c onnec t toa voi ce ci rcuit. A h andse t ada pteris us ed to rece ive m odemtones thro ugh t he ha ndt's mo uthpi ece,and t he ea rpiec e isudto tr ansmi t the to nes t o the mode m.
2. A t ermin al de viceudto li nk da ta te rmina ls an d rad io se ts wi th th e tel ephon e net work. Note: The link is a chiev ed th rough acou stic(soun d) si gnals rath er th an th rough dire ct
el ectri cal c onnec tion.
声像 Acou sticimage
声像原指声音经过音响及环境绕折射组成一个声透镜新的聚焦点，形成的几何空间形象。当然现在可以通过数字技术或者其他音响学系统将声音作相对于音源的人工改变，亦称声象。
A coust ics,T he ge ometr ic sp ace f igure that is m ade u p ofthe a coust ic fo ci of an a coust ic le ns, m irror, orother acou sticoptic al sy stemand i s the acou sticcount erpar t ofan
ex tende d sou rce o f sou nd. A lso k nownas im age.
声学(acous tics)
指专门研究声音的一门科学。也用于指听音场所对声音的吸收反射特性，如―这间听音室的声学特性良好‖。
Aco ustic s - T he br anchof sc ience andtechn ology that is d evote d tothe p roduc tion,
tran smiss ion,contr ol, p roces sing, tran sform ation, rec eptio n, an d eff ectsof so und,
longi tudin al wa ves,parti cular ly as vibr ation, pre ssure, orelast ic wa ves a nd
sh ock p henom ena i n mat erial medi a.
Activ e lou dspea ker 有源音箱
自身带有电源供放大器使用的音箱。又作：移动音箱、活动扬声器。
Wha t isan ac tivespeak er?
An ac tivelouds peake r inc orpor atesone o r mor e int ernal powe r amp lifie rs AN D
sig nal p roces singelect ronic s tooptim ize t he si gnal. Alth oughthe t erm ―power ed‖ i s
oft en us ed in terch angea bly,we co nside r a p owere d spe akerto be mere ly aregul ar
sp eaker with an a mp bo ltedon th e bac k. Atrueactiv e spe akerlikeour L Q-P S eries
incl udesequal izati on, a n ele ctron ic cr ossov er, p haand t ime d elaycompo nents that cansigni fican tly i mprov e the soun d ofthe s ystem.
ht tp://www.c rest-perfo rmanm/loud speak ers/w hyact ive.c fm
AC-3
杜比数字(D D)5.1声道数字环绕声格式原先的叫法。1994年，日本先锋公司宣布与美国杜比实验室合作研制成功一种崭新的环绕声制式，并命名为―杜比AC-
3‖(Dol by Su rroun d Aud io Co ding-3)。1997年初，杜比实验室正式将―杜比AC-3环绕声‖改为―杜
比数码环绕声‖(Dolb y Sur round Digi tal)，我们常称为Dolby Digi tal
杜比A C-3提供的环绕声系统由5个全频域声道和1个超低音声道组成，被称为5.1声道。5个声道包括左前、中央、右前、左后、右后。低音声道主要提供一
些额外的低音信息，使一些场景，如爆炸、撞击等声音效果更好。6个声道的信息在制作和还原过程中全部数字化，信息损失很少，全频段的细节十分丰富。
AC-3(Activ e Cod ing-3) Dol by'sthird digi tal a udiocodin g tec hnolo gy ba d o n
a p ercep tualcodin g met hod.It is more adva ncedthanAC-2and p rovid es si x cha nnels
of a udioin le ss sp ace t han t wo-ch annel ster eo CD. AC-3 and "Dol by Di gital" are
syno nymou s. Se e Dol by Di gital.Dolb y Dig ital, or A C-3,is th e com mon v ersio n
con taini ng up to s ix di scret e cha nnels of s ound, with five chan nelsfor n ormal-rang e
spe akers
Activ e Sub woofe r 有源超重低音音箱
指专门用于重放低频、并由内置功率放大器来驱动的那类音箱。
典型的低切频率从150Hz下潜到20Hz。在选用特殊的低音扬声器情况下频率可能下潜到1Hz。通常典型的落地式(fl oorst andin g)或书架(book shelf)箱(lo udspe akers)发出80Hz之下的低音频率就变得越来越困难，因为他们不能推动足够大的空气位
移。历史上第一个超重低音音箱在二十世纪60年代期间由米勒-恺瑞声学公
司(Mille r & K reise l Sou nd Co rpora tion)的总裁肯-恺瑞(Ke n Kre il)在洛杉矶发明成功。恺瑞与他的商务伙伴乔纳斯-米勒(Jonas Mill er)在洛杉矶拥有了一家高档的音响商店，专门买些高端静电扬声器。2001年迁厂到加利福尼亚州的查兹沃斯市
(Ch atswo rth)，现在M&K工厂有6100 平米的面积,并且建立了两条完整的生产线,每一条生产线都各自拥有精密的音频测试仪器与试音室。
A s ubwoo fer r efers to e ither a wo ofer, or a comp letelouds peake r ded icate d to
the r eprod uctio n ofbassaudio freq uenci es, t ypica lly f rom 150 Hz down to 20 Hz. In t he ca of a ro tarywoofe r, it is p ossib le to repr oduce freq uenci es do wn to 1 Hz. Bas s
fre quenc ies b elowabout 80Hz beco me in creas ingly diff icult fortypic al fl oorst andin g orbooks helflouds peake rs to repr oduce at h igh p layba ck le vels(100dB or more) bec autheydo no t hav e lar ge en oughdrive rs to gene ratethe r equir ed am ountof ai r dis place ment. Ther efore, sub woofe rs ar e use ful f or au gment ing m ain l oudsp eaker s byprovi ding
playb ack o f low bass freq uenci es at high leve ls. H istor y The firs t sub woofe r was
deve loped duri ng th e 1960s by KenKreis el, c urren tly p resid ent o f Mil ler &
Krei l S oundCorpo ratio n inLos A ngele s. Kr eil's bu sines s par tner, Jona s Mil ler,owned a hi gh-en d aud io st ore i n Los Ange les,and c ustom ers b uying some of t he hi gh
en d ele ctros tatic spea kerscompl ained abou t a l ack o f bas s res ponse in t he
el ectro stati cs, c ompar ed to conv entio nal l oudsp eaker s; Kr eil's so lutio n was to d esign a po wered loud speak er th at wo uld r eprod uce o nly t hofrequ encie s tha t wer e too low
for t he el ectro stati c spe akers to c onvey andthere by fi ll in themissi ng
so nic i nform ation.[1]. Infi nity's ful l ran ge el ectro stati c spe akersyste m ofabout thesametimeals
ouda sub woofe r tocover thelower freq uency rang e the elec trost aticarray s did nothandl e ade quate ly.
The f irstu o f a s ubwoo fer i n a r ecord ing s essio n was formixin g the Stee ly Da n
alb um Pr etzel Logi c whe n rec ordin g eng ineer Roge r Nic holsarran ged f or Kr eil
to b ringa pro totyp e ofhis s ubwoo fer t o Vil lageRecor ders. Furt her d esign modi ficat ions
weremadeby Kr eil over thenextten y ears(andconti nuing to t he pr ent day), and
in t he 1970s a nd 1980s b y eng ineer John P. D'Arcy; rec ord p roduc er Da nielLevit in
se rvedas aconsu ltant and"gold en ea r"(金黄耳) fo r the desi gn of thecross overnetwo rk (u d t o par titio n the freq uency spec trumso th at th e sub woofe r wou ld no t att emptto
re produ ce fr equen ciestoo h igh f or it s eff ectiv e ran ge, a nd so that themain
speak ers w ouldnot n eed t o han dle f reque ncies toolow f or th eir e ffect ive r ange).
Su bwoof ers c ame i nto g reate r pop ularconsc iousn ess i n 1974 wit h the movi e
Ear thqua ke wh ich w as re lease d inSensu rroun d. Se nsurr oundwas i nitia lly i nstal led i n 17U.S.theat ers.Six v ery l argesubwo ofers were driv en by a pa ir of 1600w amp lifie rs th at we re tr igger ed by cont rol t onesprint ed on oneof th e aud io tr ackson th e fil m. Fo ur of thesubwo ofers were posi tione d infront of t he au dienc e und er (o r beh ind)the f ilm s creen andtwo m ore w ere p laced toge therat th e rea r ofthe a udien ce on a pl atfor m. En ergyin th e
ran ge of 5 Hz to 40Hz w as ge nerat ed at thelevel of 110-120 dB. Much publ icity wasgiven to t he ne w low freq uency ente rtain mentmetho d and thefilmwas a boxoffic e
suc cess. More Sens urrou nd sy stems were asse mbled andinsta lled. By 1976 t herewerealmos t 300 Sens urrou nd sy stems leap frogg ing t hroug h l ect t heate rs. F urthe r fil ms to uthe e ffect incl ude M idway in 1976 a nd Ro llerc oaste r in1977.
----------------------
Acti ve an d pas sive有源和无源(音箱)
Gene ratin g hig h out put a t low bass freq uenci es is a de mandi ng ta sk, s o the driv er(推动器), e nclos ure(填充物),and a mplif ier(放大器) a re de signe d toworktoget her a s
a p ackag e. Th e s ubwoo ferswitha bui lt-in ampl ifier(固定放大器) ar e cal led A ctive
or p owere d sub woofe rs. T he am plifi ers i n the un its h ave b uiltin cr ossov er, p ha, andsomet imesequal izercapab iliti es.
Someampli fiers incl ude a n adj ustab le lo w-pas s cro ssove r(可调低通分频器), whi ch
li mitsthe r angeof th e sub woofe r tolow f reque ncies. For exam ple,if aliste ner's main spea kersare u sable down to 80 Hz, then thesubwo ofercross overcan b e t so t he
su bwoof er on ly wo rks b elow80 Hz. The cros sover ct ion m ay al so in clude a hi gh-pa ss "i nfras onic" filt er(高通亚音频滤波器) th at pr event s the subw oofer driv er fr om
re produ cingfrequ encie s bel ow it s cap abili ties. Thesubwo oferphase cont rol a llows a
li stene r toadjus t the phas e (ti me) a lignm ent o f the subw oofer syst em re lativ e to
the m ain s peake rs. D oingso el imina tes o r min imize s the acou sticcance llati on be tween thesubwo ofersyste m and main spea kers, theresul t ofthemnot b eingin ph a w ithin thecross overregio n asheard at t he li stene r's e ar. P hatti ngs m ay be a tw o-pos ition
swit ch (0° or180°) or a cont inuou s adj ustme nt be tween thes e two valu es.
Somesubwo ofers arebuilt with thei r own inte rnalampli fier(内置放大器). De signe rs of this type canadd a degr ee of corr ectiv e equ aliza tionto en sureoptim um pe rform ance. Some also incl ude a ur-adju stabl e equ alize r tha t all ows b oostor cu t out put a t cer tainfrequ encie s, an d the va ry fr om asimpl e "bo ost"switc h, to eleg ant p arame tric
equal izers fordetai led s peake r and room corr ectio n. So me ev en in clude a
