高考英语作文指导—— 议论文
Knowledge Objectives
To help the students to learn the basic writing skills on Argumentative Composition
Compentence Objectives
To help the students to grasp their basic writing skills
To practice writing skills.(detailed information& general idea)
Emotion Objectives To cultivate the love of writing
Teaching approach: Communicative approach
Teaching Aids: Multi-Media
Difficult points :
Teaching procedures:
I. Pre-task: Revision
Lead-in
II. While task:Learn some basic writing skills on Argumentative Composition
（一） 英文议论文的结构特点 汉语写作对文章结构的要求不是很高，如开头段应该包括什么、论题句应该在什么时候出现、文章的结尾是否必须总结全文等等。而英语写作要求文章结构必须十分严谨，文章各个部分的功能都要十分清晰，开头、中间和结尾都有严格的要求。
简而言之，英语议论文共有三大特点：
1、 观点鲜明的开头；
2、 紧扣主题的结尾；
3、 有主题句并且衔接自然的中间段落。
所以，既然高考英语考的是英语文章，大家就应该遵循英文议论文的写作思路和习惯：表示支持则旗帜鲜明地支持；表示反对就彻彻底底地反对，而不能采取“墙头草两边倒”的做法。
（二）英语议论文写作要点:
straight:开门见山，直来直去。
brief:文章“简为贵”，要抓住要点，简明扼要。
coherence: 文理通顺，前后连贯。
division:词汇、句子、段落要分配使用得当，划分要清楚，避免使用重复字句和片段。
ambiguity:尽量不用可能会引起歧义的词语或句子。
Key：用适当的关键词突出主题，每段都应有主题句。
omit:合理删除多余的不必要部分。
ntence pattern:句型要尽量多样化。
ten:动词时态要正确、一致、变化合理。
(三)英语议论文写作手法
1. 引言段
高考英语议论文的引言可以有两部分组成：现象+观点。
现象就来自作文题目。所以学生必须要理解题目中的每句话，把题目中的中文用英语表达出来就能成为不错的开篇。然后再开门见山地亮出自己的观点。
2. 主体段
要想写好英语议论文，就要讲究好的论证方法。
一般说来，有两种方法可采用，一是逻辑说理，即“晓之以理”；一是从感情上打动他人，
即“动之以情”。这两种方法并不是孤立地出现，往往是你中有我，我中有你。除此以外，我们还可以运用：
1 引证法(即引用一些名人名言、成语、格言、谚语灯作为论据)；
2 例证法(即举例来进行论证 )
3 喻证法(用比喻的方法来论证事理，把深奥、抽象的事理表述得浅显易懂，使文章既生动又形象 )
4 对比论证法(通过对事物的正反两个方面的对比来分析论证，使文章的表达效果更强烈，给人留下深刻印象 )
5 归纳法 (从分析典型，即分析个别事物入手，找出事物的共同特点，然后得出结论。)
6 推理法 (从一般原理出发，对个别事物进行说明、分析，而后得出结论)
7 驳论法 (先列出错误的观点，然后加以逐条批驳，最后阐明自己的观点)。
在主体段中，务必要牢记应采用先分后总的手法——先亮出主题句，然后再用发展句充实段落。你必须围绕着引言段的观点展开，千万不能让人觉得的的文章段落之间没有衔接。
此外，在主体段中要恰当地使用过渡词，有明显的层次感，引领阅读者一层一层地根据你的分论点走向最终你要阐述的观点。
3. 结尾段
结论，用一、二句话来结束文章，做到首尾呼应。一定要再次澄清你的观点，切记与引言段的观点一致，建议用不同的词句法表达一个意思。
(四)、英语议论文范文
Private Tutors
With the development od science and society, more and more students are keen to take on private tutors.
Some people think taking on a private tutor is good for students in some ways. The
tutor can answer the students’questions individually and carefully and give them detailed advice; some private tutors assign their students more exercis to do and the students will learn extra knowledge from their tutors; it is known to us all that a good and experienced teacher can help his students to review their lessons in a very good way so that they can have a better understanding of the knowledge learned in class, which is help to them in their examinations.
But every coin has two sides. Some people look upon it with disapproval. They hold the opinion that the students rely too much on their tutor and they even take little notice of what their own teacher says in class; the private tutor assigns them to do a lot of extra exercis, thus occupying plenty of rheir spare time and they will be too worn out; contrary to what their parents hope, their studies become wor than before.
So it is hard to say whether taking on a private tutor is good or not. It all depends on the individual. But in my opinion, if you want to take on a private tutor, you should choo one carefully since he or she will have a great impact on your studies.
Money for Education
In my opinion, it is worthwhile to spend more of the money in order to have the children better educated.
First, as there are more than 40 or even 50 students in a class, in most cas, teachers can not take care of all the students in class. Therefore many students have to attend spare time class or even go to the tutors to make up for this.
Second, we are now in the 21st century. With the development of society, only tho who have a good education are more likely to get good jobs. So the more we learn now, the more chances we will have in the future. Of cour we will get a high pay.
In a word, spending money on education is certainly rewarding.
III. Post-task ( Each composition 120-150 words)
请你谈谈在学习上遇到困难时，如何想办法去解决，如何克服这些困难？
IV. Sentence patterns:
I think/believe that…
The point is that….
In my opinion…
From my point of view…
As for me…
As far as I am concerned…
We must recognize that…
There is no doubt that…
The main reason is that…
As we all know…
V. Summary:
VI. Assignment: ( Each composition 120-150 words)
1.每一位高三的学生都面临着巨大的压力。对压力，高三的学生看法不一，有的害怕压力；但有的却认为压力不是件坏事。请你谈谈你的看法。
2 .2010年世博会将在上海举行。为了办好这次国际盛会，上海市将进一步改善环境。与此同时， 提高市民的素质和修养也势在必行，因为文明的举止在国际交往中非常重要。作为年轻人，我们自身也存在着一些不文明行为。请例举你所观察到的2-3种不文明行为（如：大小便后不及时冲刷；随地乱扔纸屑、废物；随地吐痰；插队…）并就此做出评论或提出建议。
Feed-back
高考英语书面表达常用词汇句型集锦
▲举例：for example，for instance，take…for example，such as，like，and so on，so on and so forth，and so on and on and on， etc.等。
