2019年6月四级深度阅读第一套
Passage One
Questions46to50are bad on the following passage.
In the classic marriage vow（誓约）,couples promi to stay together in sickness and in health.But a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples ris when the wife-not the husband—becomes riously ill.
“Married women diagnod with a rious health condition may find themlves struggling with the impact of their dia while also experiencing the stress of divorce,”said rearcher Amelia Karraker.
Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed20years of data on2,717marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University since1992.At the time of the first interview,at least one of the partners was over the age of50.
The rearchers examined how the ont（发生）of four rious physical illness affected marriages.They found that,overall,31%of marriages ended in divorce over the period studied. The in
cidence of new chronic（慢性的）illness ont incread over time as will,with more husbands than wives developing rious health problems.
“We found that women are doubly vulnerable to marital break-up in the face of illness,”Karraker said.“They’re more likely to be widowed,and if they’re the noes who become ill,they’re more likely to get divorced.”
While the study didn’t asss why divorce in more likely when wives but not husbands become riously ill,Karraker offers a few possible reasons.“Gender norms and social expectations about caregiving many make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spous,”Karraker said.“And becau of the imbalance in marriage markets,especially in older ages,divorced men have more choices among prospective partners than divorced women.”
Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging population,Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the relationship between dia and risk of divorce.
“Offering support rvices to spous caring for their other halves may reduce marital stress and prevent divorce at older ages,”she said.“But it’s also important to recognize that the pressure to divorce may be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and rvices to preve
nt worning health and incread health costs.”
46.What can we learn about marriage vows from the passage?
A)They may not guarantee a lasting marriage.
B)They are as binding as they ud to be.
C)They are not taken riously any more.
D)They may help couples tide over hard times.
47.What did Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about elderly husbands?
A)They are generally not good at taking care of themlves.
B)They can become increasingly vulnerable to rious illness.
C)They can develop different kinds of illness just like their wives.
D)They are more likely to contract rious illness than their wives.
48.What does Karraker say about women who fall ill?
A)They are more likely to be widowed.
B)They are more likely to get divorced.
C)They are less likely to receive good care.
D)They are less likely to bother their spous.
49.Why is it more difficult for men to take care of their sick spous according to Karraker?
A)They are more accustomed to receiving care.
B)They find it more important to make money for the family.
C)They think it more urgent to fulfill their social obligations.
D)They expect society to do more of the job.
50.What does Karraker think is also important?
A)Reducing marital stress on wives.
B)Stabilizing old couples’s relations.
C)Providing extra care for divorced women.
D)Making men pay for their wives’health costs.
Passage Two
Questions51to55are bad on the following passage.
If you were like most children,you probably got upt when your mother called you by a sibling’s(兄弟姐妹的)name.How could she not know you?Did it mean she loved you less?
Probably not.According to the first rearch to tackle this topic head-on,misnaming the most familiar people in our life is a common cognitive(认知的)error that has to do with how our memories classify and store familiar names.
The study,published online in April in the journal Memory and Cognition,found that the“wrong”name i
s not random but is invariably fished out from the same relationship pond:children,siblings, friends.The study did not examine the possibility of deep psychological significance to the mistake,says psychologist David Rubin,“but it does tell us who’s in and who’s out of the group.”The study also found that within that group,misnamings occurred where the names shared initial or internal sounds,like Jimmy and Joanie or John and Bob.Physical remblance between people was not a factor.Nor was gender.
The rearchers conducted five parate surveys of more than1,700people.Some of the surveys included only college students;others were done with a mixed-age population.Some asked subjects about incidents where someone clo to them—family or friend—had called them by another person’s name.The other surveys asked about times when subjects had themlves called someone clo to them by the wrong name.All the surveys found that people mixed up names within relationship groups such as grandchildren,friends and siblings but hardly ever crosd the boundaries.
In general,the study found that undergraduates were almost as likely as old people to make this mistake and men as likely as women.Older people and this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and women made the mistake slightly more often,but that may be becau grandparen
ts have more grandchildren to mix up than parents have children.Also,mothers may call on their children more often than fathers,given traditional gender norms.There was no evidence that errors occurred more when the misnamer was frustrated,tired or angry.
51.How might people often feel when they were misnamed?
A)Unwanted.
B)Unhappy.
C)Confud.
D)Indifferent.
52.What did David Rubin’s rearch find about misnaming?
A)It is related to the way our memories work.
B)It is a possible indicator of a faulty memory.
C)It occurs mostly between kids and their friends.
D)It often caus misunderstandings among people.
53.What is most likely the cau of misnaming?
A)Similar personality traits.
B)Similar spellings of names.
C)Similar physical appearance.
D)Similar pronunciation of names.
54.What did the surveys of more than1,700subjects find about misnaming?
A)It more often than not hurts relationships.
B)It hardly occurs across gender boundaries.
C)It is most frequently found in extended families.
D)It most often occurs within a relationship groups.
55.Why do mothers misname their children more often than fathers?
A)They suffer more frustrations.
B)They become worn out more often.
C)They communicate more with their children.
D)They generally take on more work at home.
