GLOSSARY OF AUSTRALIAN
HARD ROCK UNDERGROUND TERMINOLOGY
澳大利亚井下采矿词汇
Adit 平硐 A tunnel driven horizontally into the side of a hill or pit as oppod to a decline or shaft. Once very common due to the u of rail haulage in mines.
隧道水平进入一个矿山或矿坑，与斜坡道和竖井相对。曾经在使用
轨道运输的矿山很普遍。
Air leg 气腿子 (1) A telescopic ram driven by compresd air. Designed to fit into a pivot attached to a pneumatic hand-held rock drill. (2) The asmbled leg and drill. (combination also known as “Machine & Leg” or “Machine”). A non-pivoting drill and ram being known as a “Stoper” or “Ri & Feed” rockdrill.
Air Blast 空气冲击波 (1) The concussion or air movement caud by firing of explosives. Air blast is incread if explosives are unable to relea energy in the breaking of rock either through not being confined or having too low a powder factor to break to the free face. (2) The air movement caud by massive failure of stopes as when a cave stops propagating (hangs up) and then releas, creating a piston type effect.
AMG澳大利亚网格 Australian Map Grid. Any of the planar grid systems derived from m
athematical rules that have been applied in Australia to allow for the curvature of the earth and how it affects heights and distances (Geodetic Surveying) relative to flat planes. There are a number of AMG standards that are ud by mines to orient themlves relative to other mines or in submissions to government institutions. Each is numbered by the year is was implemented. eg. AMG52, AMG96, etc…
ANFO铵油炸药 A mixture of Ammonium Nitrate (AN) and Fuel Oil (Diel) ud as a cheap but powerful explosive. AN by itlf will explode if initiated by a booster but the addition of Diel increas the power significantly. A major limitation being that the “prills” of AN dissolve easily in water and lo effectiveness.
Annulus环形孔，内齿轮 The difference in radii between two concentric circles. Ud to describe the gap between the wall of a hole and the drill string. Affects the ability to lift drill cuttings to the top of the hole and keep holes straight.
A-pillarA矿柱 The unbroken rock left between two mill holes to direct the ore to the millholes. Once very common but rarely left in modern mining with the development of re
mote bogging technology. Can also be ud in very large stopes to reduce the amount of remote bogging required and then recovered once the stope is empty.
Azimuth方位角 (cf. Bearing). (Arabic, “The way”) The horizontal clockwi angle to a point from a reference point or direction. Originally the reference was the pole star and as such azimuth is generally not a compass bearing. In surveying, azimuth may refer to magnetic north, true north, mine north or one of the many other ‘norths’. In astronomy the reference line is the celestial south pole.
Back or Backs悬帮 The roof of an underground working.
Backfill充填 (1) The act of placing backfill. (2) Material placed into a mined opening to act as support to the walls of the opening. Can be loo rock placed by dumping (rock or mullock fill), classified tails or dunesand placed hydraulically (sandfill), stabilid classified tails (cemented hydraulic fill, CHF), cemented whole tails (pastefill), cemented rock fill (CRF), cemented aggregate fill (CAF) or any combination of the above.
Barring down撬落 With the u of a scaling bar, to remove loo rock from the backs or walls especially after firing but prior to installing ground support. Scaling after installing ground support is generally referred to as Check Scaling.
Bearers托架，支座 Wooden or steel beams placed across an opening to support decking or ladders etc.
Bell Wire雷管与母线间连线 A light twin-strand wire, originally ud for connecting signalling bells or telephones to communicate with a hoist or chute operator. Now generally ud in short, single-u runs for connecting firing line to electric detonators and as a general purpo string.
Bird Cage钢丝绳的局部断股 A type of cable bolt where the end portion of the cable is frayed into individual strands to increa the anchoring characteristics. Sometimes confud with a Garford bulbed cable.
