（一）演奏术语
accelerando/accel.
Adagio
Allegretto
allegro
andante
cantabile
crescendo/cresc.
da capo/D.C.
dal gno/D.S.
decrescendo/decresc.
dimimmndo/dim.
fine
( =forte )
(=fortissimo)
legato
lento
mezzo
(=mezzo forte )
( =mezzo piano )
moderato
p(=piano)
pp(=pianissimo)
poco
rallentando/rall.
ritardando/ritard./rit.
gradually getting quicker
slow(at ea )
fairly quick
( but not as quick as allegro )
quick( cheerful )
at a walking pace
in a singing style
gradually getting louder
repeat from the beginning
repeat from the sign
becoming gradually softer
becoming gradually softer
the end
loud
very loud
smoothly
slow
half( moderately )
moderately loud
moderately quiet
moderately
( allegro moderato ; moderately quick )
quiet
very quiet
a little , slightly
gradually getting slower
gradually getting slower
逐渐加快
慢(舒适)
稍快
(但不及allegro快)
快(欢乐)，快板
如行走般的速度
如歌唱似的风格
渐强
从头再奏
回到记号“”处再奏
渐弱
渐弱
结束处
强，响亮
很强
圆滑地
慢
一半(适中)
中强
中弱
中速
( allegro moderato:适中的快板)
弱
很弱
少许，稍
渐慢
渐慢
ritenuto/riten.
staccato/state.
tempo
（二）演奏符号
held back ( immediately slowing down )
detached
speed，time
( a tempo : in time )
gradually getting louder
(=crescendo)
gradually getting quieter
(=diminuendo/decrescendo)
detached(=staccato )
accent
pau on the note (or rest)
( =fermata )
repeat marks: at the cond sign，
repeat the music from the first sign(if
the first sign is left out, repeat from the
beginning )
tie: a curved line joining two notes of
the same pitch into a single sustained
sound
slur: perform the notes smoothly
( a curved line over or under two or
more different notes )
突然慢(立即放慢)
断音，断奏
速度，时间
(a tempo:回复到原来的速度)
渐强(=crescendo)
渐弱（=diminuendo/decrescendo)
断音，断奏(=staccato )
重音
延长号。将音符(或休止符)的时
值延长(=fermata )
反复记号。在第二个记号处，
音乐从第一个记号处开始重
复(如乐曲没有第一个记号，
音乐是从乐曲的开始处重复)
连线:将两个有相同音高的音
连结成一个音的弧线
连线:圆滑地演奏各音(置于两
个或一组音符的上方或下方
的弧线)
octave ( =ottava )
perform an octave higher
( written over a note or notes )
perform an octave lower
( written under a note or notes)
76 crotchet beats in a minute
( M.M.is short for Maelzel' s Metronome )
八度(=ottava)
升高一个八度演奏
(写在一个或多个音符的上方)
降低一个八度演奏
(写在一个或多个音符的下方)
每分钟奏76个四分音符
(M.M.是Maelzel’s Metronome
(拍节机)的简称
a
al, alla
allargando
andantino
assai
con , col
dolce
e,ed
espressivo
(espress./espr.)
(=fortepiano)
giocoso
grave
grazioso
larghetto
largo
ma
maestoso
meno
molto
mosso
in the style of, for, at, with,in
a cappella: in the style of chapel
a due : for two performers
a piacere : at pleasure
a puma d' arco : with the point of the bow
a tempo ; in time
in the manner of, to the
( alla marcia : in the style of a march )
broadening(getting slower and louder)
slightly faster than andante
very(allegro assai : very quick )
with
soft, sweet
and
expressive
first loudly, then immediately soft
playful , merry
solemn,very slow
graceful
quite slow(but not as slow as largo)
slow, stately
but
majestic
less
much , very
moved
( meno mosso : less moved )
以……风格、由、按照、用、按
a cappella:以(无伴奏的)教堂风格演奏
a due:由两位表演者演奏(唱)
a piacere:按照表演者的和之所至地处理
a puma d'arco:用弓尖演奏
a tempo:按原来的速度
以……风格，至
( alla marcia:进行曲风格)
宽广的(渐慢及渐强)
比行板(andante )稍快
非常，很(allegro assai:很快)
用，含有
温柔地，甜蜜地
和，以及
有表情地
先强然后立即转弱
嬉戏的，快乐的
严肃的，极缓慢的
优雅的
颇慢的，(但比广板largo稍快)
慢的，庄严的
但是
华贵的，堂皇的
少些
十分，很
活动的
( meno mosso:稍慢)
moto
non
presto
nza
(=sforzando/sforzato )
simile/sim.
sostenuto
tenuto
troppo
vivace , vwo
（二）演奏符号
movement
( con moto : with movement )
not
more
(faster than allegro)
without
accented,forced
in the same way
sustained
held
too much
( non troppo : not too much )
lively , quick
the note should be held for its full time-value ,
and generally slightly detached(=tenuto)
the note should be played as short as possible
and perhaps accented too
( =staccatissimo)
accented
stronger accent(usually stronger than> )
