1.台风安全注意事项

更新时间:2023-06-05 10:56:56 阅读：评论：0

台风安全注意事项

Issue 14: Safety Issues Related to Typhoon

前言：台风是我国沿海地区，特别是广东、福建、浙江、江苏、上海等地经常出现的一种灾难，其发生有明显的季节性。台风来临时不但有强大的风暴，还夹带暴雨，范围可达1000多平方公里。不过，台风是有规律的，甚至每年的行进路线都差不多，所以外出、旅游时，一定要多听天气预报，尽量躲开台风行进路线，避免灾害，保证人身和财产安全：

Foreword: Typhoon is a disaster frequently occurred in China’s coastal areas, especially Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Shanghai. Its occurrence is obvious asonal. When a typhoon comes, there are not only strong winds, but also torrential rains, affecting an area of more than 1000 square kilometers. However, typhoon follows certain patterns, and even their routes in each year are similar. Therefore, when you go out or travel, be sure to listen to weather forecast, and stay away the travel routes of typhoon as far as possible, to avoid disaster, and to ensure personal and property safety.

本期宣传，我们一起来学习以下内容：

In this issue, let’s learn the following together:

·台风知识与预警信号；

·Typhoon knowledge and warning signals

·台风期避险原则；

·Avoidance principle during typhoon ason

·公司防台风暴雨应急救援；

·Huawei’s emergency rescue measures in ca of typhoon

·台风期安全提示。

·Safety alerts during typhoon ason

一、台风知识与预警信号

I. Typhoon Knowledge and Warning Signals ____________________________________________________________

台风：滦平职教中心是指一种热带气旋，也就是发生在热带或亚热带洋面上急速旋转的低压涡旋，常常伴有狂风、暴雨和风暴潮。热带风暴的等级划分原则是以底层中心附近最大平均风速为标准，一般分为

Typhoon refers to a tropical cyclone, or the low-pressure vortex rotating rapidly in tropical or subtropical oceans, often accompanied by strong wind, rainstorm, and storm tides. The level of a tropical cyclone is determined bad on the maximum average wind speed near the center of the bottom layer. Generally, tropical cyclones are divided into 6 levels:

·热带低压（中心最大风力6—7级）；

·Tropical low pressure (the biggest wind force in the center is Scale 6 - 7)

·热带风暴（中心最大风力8—9级）；

·Tropical storm (the biggest wind force in the center is Scale 8 - 9)

·强热带风暴（中心最大风力10—11级）；

·Strong tropical storm (the biggest wind force in the center is Scale 10 - 11)

·台风（中心最大风力达12—13级）；

·Typhoon (the biggest wind force in the center is Scale 12 - 13)

·强台风（中心最大风力达14—15级）；

·Strong typhoon (the biggest wind force in the center is Scale 14 - 15)

·超强台风（中心最大风力16级及以上）6个等级。

·Super strong typhoon (the biggest wind force in the center is Scale 16 or higher)

台风前兆

Precursors of typhoon

（1）来临

(1) Coming

无风起长浪，不久狂风降：长浪也称涌浪，其传播速度比台风移动速度快2~3计算机网络管理倍，在台风到来之前即可观测到，因而可提醒沿海居民做好抵御台风侵袭的准备。

There are long waves without wind, and a strong wind will soon come: Long waves are also called surges, and their transmission speed is two to three times faster than the moving speed of typhoon. They can be en when a typhoon is to come. Therefore, they can alert people in coastal areas to prepare for the attack of a typhoon.

跑马云，台风临：跑马云学名“碎积云”，高度为1~2公里，属低云，由形状近似馒头的积云破碎而成。碎积云从东南沿海方向移向本地天顶，速度快，势如跑马。这种云发生在热带气旋的外围，其出现预示着本地将受台风侵袭。

When you e the hor-running cloud, a typhoon will come soon: The hor-running cloud is technically called fractocumulus. With a height of 1 – 2 km, it is a kind of low cloud, formed by fragmented cloud in the shape of steamed bread. Fractocumulus moves from the southeast coastal areas to the sky above this region, as fast as a running hor. This type of cloud occurs outside of a tropical cyclone, and its occurrence forebodes an upcoming typhoon in the region.

（2）离开

(2) Leaving

北风冷，台风循：当北风南下时，台风常发生转向，不再影响本地。

When the cold northern wind comes, a typhoon will follow it: When the northern wind moves southward, typhoon will often turn its direction, and will no longer affect the region.

根据热带风暴等级的不同，气象台发布不同的预警信号，一般为四级，分别以蓝色、黄色、橙色、红色表示。

Depending on different levels of tropical storms, the meteorological stations relea different warning signals, which are generally divided into four levels, indicated by blue, yellow, orange, and red respectively.

⏹蓝色预警信号 blue warning signals

24小时内可能受热带低压影响,平均风力可达6级以上，或阵风7级以上；或者已经受热带低压影响, 平均风力为6-7级，或阵风7-8级并可能持续。

There is possibility of being affected by a tropical low pressure within 24 hours, the average wind force is over Scale 6, or the gust is over Scale 7; or the area is already under the influence of a tropical low pressure, the average wind force is Scale 6 - 7, or the gust is Scale 7 - 8 and may continue.

防御措施：

Prevention measures:

1做好防风准备，有关部门启动防御工作预案；

Prepare for the wind, and related organizations trigger the prevention plans.

2注意媒体关于热带低压最新消息和防风通知的报道；

Pay attention to the latest information about the tropic low pressure in the media and the report about wind prevention notice.

3把门窗、围板、棚架、户外广告牌、临时搭建物等易被风吹动的搭建物固紧, 妥善安置易受热带低压影响的室外物品。

Reinforce structures that are easy to be blown by wind such as doors and windows, fencing boards, scaffolds, outdoor billboards, and temporary structures, and properly handle outdoor objects that are easy to be affected by the tropical low pressure.

⏹黄色预警信号 Yellow warning signals

24小时内可能受热带风暴影响,平均风力可达8级以上，或阵风9级以上；或者已经受热带风暴影响, 平均风力为8-9级，或阵风9-10级并可能持续。

There is possibility of being affected by a tropical storm within 24 hours, the average wind force is over Scale 8, or the gust is over Scale 9; or the area is already under the influence of a tropical storm, the average wind force is Scale 8 - 9, or the gust is Scale 9 - 10 and may continue.

防御措施：

Prevention measures:

1进入防风状态，有关部门启动防御工作预案；

Enter the wind prevention state, and related organizations trigger the prevention plans.

2关紧门窗，处于危险地带和危房中的居民，以及船舶应到避风场所避风，高空、滩涂、水上等户外作业人员应停止作业，危险地带工作人员应及时撤离。

Shut the door and windows. Residents in dangerous areas or in dangerous hous and vesls should take shelter from the wind in the designated locations, outdoor operators working high above the ground, on a beach, or on water should stop their operation, and people in the dangerous areas should evacuate in time.

⏹橙色预警信号 orange warning signals

12小时内可能受强热带风暴、台风影响，平均风力可达10级以上，或阵风11级以上；或者已经受热带风暴影响, 平均风力为10-11级，或阵风10-12级并可能持续。

There is possibility of being affected by a strong tropical storm within 12 hours, the average wind force is over Scale 10, or the gust is over Scale 11; or the area is already under the influence of a tropical storm, the average wind force is Scale 10 - 11, or the gust is Scale 10 - 12 and may continue.

防御措施：

Prevention measures:

1进入防风状态，有关部门启动防御工作预案；

Enter the wind prevention state, and related organizations trigger the prevention plans.

2关紧门窗，处于危险地带和危房中的居民，以及船舶应到避风场所避风，高空、滩涂、水上等户外作业人员应停止作业，危险地带工作人员应及时撤离，露天集体活动应及时停止，并做好人员疏散工作；

Shut the door and windows. Residents in dangerous areas or in dangerous hous and vesls should take shelter from the wind in the designated locations, outdoor operators working high above the ground, on a beach, or on water should stop their operation. People in the dangerous areas should evacuate in time, outdoor collective activities should stop in time, and arrangement should be made for personnel evacuation.

3切断霓虹灯招牌及危险的室外电源；

Cut off the power supply to the neon lights and the dangerous outdoor power supplies.

4克等于多少千克其他同台风蓝色预警信号。

Others are the same as tho for the blue warning signals for typhoon.

⏹红色预警信号 Red warning signals

6小时内可能受台风、强台风影响，平均风力可达12级以上；或者已经受台风影响，平均风力已达12级以上，并可能持续。

There is possibility of being affected by a typhoon or strong typhoon within six hours, the average wind force is over Scale 12; or the area is already under the influence of typhoon, the average wind force is already over Scale 12 and may continue.

防御措施：

Prevention measures:

1进入特别紧急防风状态，有关部门启动防御工作预案，相关应急处置与抢险单位随时准备启动抢险应急方案；

Enter the special emergency wind prevention state, related organizations trigger the prevention plans, and related emergency respon and rescue organizations should prepare to trigger the emergency plans at any time.

Shut the door and windows. Residents in dangerous areas or in dangerous hous and vesls should take shelter from the wind in the designated locations, outdoor operators working high above the ground, on a beach, or on water should stop their operation. People in the dangerous areas should evacuate in time, outdoor collective activities should stop in time, and arrangement should be made for personnel evacuation.

③其他同台风橙色预警信号。Others are the same as tho for the orange warning signals for typhoon.

二、台风期避险原则

II. Avoidance Principle During Typhoon Season

⏹防范台风的安全措施 prevention measures for a typhoon

怎样煎中药 1、气象台根据台风可能产生的影响，在预报时采用“消息”、“警报”和“紧急警报”三种形式向社会发布；同时，按台风可能造成的影响程度，从轻到重向社会发布（蓝、黄、橙、红）四色台风预警信号。公众应密切关注媒体有关台风的报道，及时采取预防措施。

1. The meteorological stations relea three forms of weather forecast to the public — "News", "实验心得体会Warning" and "Emergency Warning", depending on the possible impact of typhoon. At the same time, they also relea warning signals in four colors (blue, yellow, orange, and red) for typhoon to the public with verity level from low to high, depending on the possible impact of typhoon. The public should keep a clo watch of media's typhoon reports, and take timely prevention measures.

2、强风有可能吹倒建筑物、高空设施，造成人员伤亡。居住在各类危旧住房、厂房、工棚的群众，在台风来临前，要及时转移到安全地带，不要在临时建筑（如围墙等）、广告牌、铁塔等附近避风避雨。车辆尽量避免在强风影响区域行驶。

2. Strong typhoon may blow down buildings and high-elevation facilities and cau personal injury or death. People living in various dangerous or old residences, factory buildings, or working sheds should transfer to safe places before the arrival of typhoon, and should not take shelter from rain near temporary buildings (such as fences), billboards, and iron towers. Vehicles should avoid operation in areas affected by strong typhoon if possible.

3、强风会吹落高空物品，要及时搬移屋顶、窗口、阳台处的花盆、悬吊物等；在台风来临前，最好不要出门，以防被砸、被压、触电等不测；检查门窗、室外空调、保笼、太阳能热水器的安全，并及时进行加固。

3. Strong wind can blow objects from high elevations down to the ground. Vas and hanging objects on rooftops, windowsills, and balconies should be removed in time. Before the arrival of typhoon, you'd better stay indoors, to prevent unexpected things from happening, such as being hit, being presd, or electric shock. 我的发明作文Check doors and windows, outdoor air conditioners, protection cages, and solar water heaters for their safety, and reinforce them in a timely manner if needed.

4套中人作者、准备手电、食物及时饮用水，检查电路，注意炉火、煤气，防范火灾；

4. Prepare flashlights, good, and drinking water, check circuits, and pay attention to furnace fire and coal gas to prevent fires.

5、在做好以上防风工作的同时，要做好防暴雨工作。

5. While making the preceding preparations against typhoon, you should also make preparations to protect against rainstorm.

6、台风来临前，应准备好手电筒、收音机、食物、饮用水及常用药品等，以备急需。

6. Before the arrival of typhoon, you should prepare flashlights, radio, food, drinking water, and common medicines, in ca you need them in emergency.

7、关好门窗，检查门窗是否坚固；取下悬挂的东西；检查电路、炉火、煤气等设施是否安全。7. Clo doors and windows, and check whether doors and windows are firm. Take down hanging objects. Check whether circuits, furnace fire, and coal gas are safe.

8、将养在室外的动植物及其他物品移至室内，特别是要将楼顶的杂物搬进来；室外易被吹动的东西要加固。

8. Move animals and plants raid outdoors as well as other stuff back to rooms, and especially, move sundries on rooftops back to rooms. Objects outdoors that are easy to be blown should be reinforced.

9、不要去台风经过的地区旅游，更不要在台风影响期间到海滩游泳或驾船出海。

9. Do not travel to areas where typhoon will pass, and more importantly, do not swim on a beach or sail out to the a during the period affected by typhoon.

10、住在低洼地区和危房中的人员要及时转移到安全住所。

10. People living in low-lying areas and dangerous hous should transfer to safe locations in time.

11、及时清理排水管道，保持排水畅通。

11. Clear drainage pipes in time to ensure smooth water drainage.

12、有关部门要做好户外广告牌的加固；建筑工地要做好临时用房的加固，并整理、堆放好建筑器材和工具；园林部门要加固城区的行道树。

12. Related organizations should reinforce outdoor billboards. Construction sites should reinforce temporary buildings, and sort out and stack construction equipment and tools together properly. The gardening agency should reinforce roadside trees in urban areas.

13、遇到危险时，请拨打当地政府的防灾电话求救。

13. When you are in danger, call the disaster prevention number of the local government for help.

14、要及时回港、固锚，船上的人员必须上岸避风。

14. Vesls should return to harbor and get anchored in time, and people working on the vesls must take shelter on land.

⏹台风期的人身安全 Safety during a typhoon

1、台风期间，尽量不要外出行走，倘若不得不外出时，应弯腰将身体紧缩，一定要穿上轻便防水的鞋子和颜色鲜艳、紧身合体的衣裤，把衣服扣扣好或用带子扎紧，以减少受风面积，并且要穿好雨衣，戴好雨帽，系紧帽带，或者戴上头盔。行走时，应一步一步地慢慢走稳，顺风时绝对不能跑，否则就会停不下来，甚至有被刮走的危险；要尽可能抓住墙角、栅栏、柱子或其他稳固的固定物行走；在建筑物密集的街道行走时，要特别注意落下物或飞来物，以免砸伤；走到拐弯处，要停下来观察一下再走，贸然行走很可能被刮起的飞来物击伤；经过狭窄的桥或高处时，最好伏下身爬行，否则极易被刮倒或落水。

1. During a typhoon, do not walk outside as far as possible. If you have to walk outside, bend over and shrink your body, wear light and convenient waterproof shoes, and bright-colored and clo-fit clothes, tie clothes properly or bind them with a belt to reduce wind-receiving area, wear raincoat, rain hat with hat belt tied, or wear a helmet. When walking, do it slowly and steadily step by step. You should not run in the windward direction absolutely. Otherwi, you cannot stop and even have the risk of being blown away. Grab wall corner, fence, pole, or other fixed objects to walk as far as possible.Ｗhen walking on a street with den buildings, pay special attention to falling or flying objects, to avoid being hit. When arriving at a bend, stop and watch before walking again, as blindly walking has the risk of being hit by a flying object blown over by wind. When passing a narrow bridge or a high place, you'd better get down on your knees and crawl, or it is extremely easy to be blown down or fall into water.

2、野外旅游时，听到气象台发出台风预报后，能离开台风经过地区的要尽早离开，否则应贮足罐头、饼干等食物和饮用水，并购足蜡烛、手电简等照明用品。由于台风经过岛屿和海岸时破坏力最大，所以要尽可能远离海洋；在海边和河口低洼地区旅游时，应尽可能到远离海岸的坚固宾馆及台风庇护站躲避。

2. When travelling in the field, after hearing the typhoon forecast by a meteorological station, leave the area to be affected by typhoon as early as possible if you can, or you should stock a sufficient amount of canned food, biscuit, and drinking water, and purcha adequate lighting items such as candles and flashlights. Typhoon's damage is the most rious when it pass islands and coastal areas. Therefore, you should get away from the a as far as possible. When travelling on aside or in a low-lying estuary area, you should stay in a solid hotel far away from the coast or in a typhoon shelter as far as possible.

3、船舶在航行中遭遇台风袭击，应主动采取应急措施，及时与岸上有关部门联系，弄清船只与台风的相对位置。还应尽快动员船员将船只驶入避风港，封住船舱，如是帆船，要尽早放下船帆；如果你是开车旅游，则应将车开到地下停车场或隐蔽处；如果你住在帐篷里，则应收起帐篷，到坚固结实的房屋中避风；如果你已经在结实房屋里，则应小心关好窗户，在窗玻璃上用胶布贴成米字图形，以防窗玻璃破碎。

3. When a vesl is attacked by typhoon while it is travelling on the a, you should take proactive emergency measures and get in touch with related agencies on land in time, to find out the location of the vesl to typhoon. You should also persuade the sailors to drive the vesl into a shelter harbor as soon as possible, and clo the cabin. If it is a sailing boat, you should put down the sail as soon as possible. If you are travelling by car, you should drive the car to an underground parking place or a shelter. If you stay in a tent, you should pack up the tent, and ek shelter in a firm and solid hou. If you are already in a firm and solid hou, you should carefully shut the doors and windows, and stick adhesives tapes on the window glass in a pattern similar to the Chine character meaning rice, to protect the window glass from being broken.

4、强台风过后不久，一定要在房子里或原先的藏身处呆着不动。因为台风的“风眼”在上空掠过后，地面会风平浪静一段时间，但绝不能以为风暴已经结束。通常，这种平静持续不到1个小时，风就会从相反的方向以雷霆万钧之势再度横扫过来，如果你是在户外躲避，那么此时就要转移到原来避风地的对侧。

4. Shortly after a strong typhoon, be sure to continue to stay in the hou or shelter. This is becau after the "eye" of the typhoon has pasd the sky, the ground will become quiet for a while, but do not think that the storm is already over absolutely. Usually, such a quiet time will last for less than one hour, and the wind will come again from the opposite direction overwhelmingly. If you are taking shelter outdoors, then at this point you should move to the opposite side of your original shelter.

⏹灾后卫生消毒工作 Safety work after a typhoon

在台风过后伴随而来停电和洪水期间，要采取必要的措施，以保证人员健康和安全。暴风雨过后，人们可以遵照如下建议,以保护自己和家人。

A typhoon will be followed by power outage and flood. Therefore, you should take necessary measures to ensure personal health and safety. After a rainstorm, people can follow the advices below to protect themlves and their families.

·在台风过后出现的停电或洪水期间，消费者面对的最大的食品安全挑战将是食物的保存，应冷藏食物于华氏40度下（摄氏44度）以及保存冷冻食物华氏0度下（摄氏零下18度）。

·During the power outage or flood after a typhoon, the biggest food safety challenge faced by consumers is the storage of food. Cold-stored food should be stored at a temperature of 40 degrees Fahrenheit (44 degrees centigrade) or lower. Refrigerated food should be stored at a temperature below zero degree Fahrenheit (18 degrees centigrade).

·易腐食物，如肉、禽、海产品、牛奶和蛋类等，若冷藏或冷冻不当，即使完全煮熟，在食用后也可能引起疾病。

·Perishable food such as meat, fowl, afood, dairy, and egg, if they are not properly cold-stored or refrigerated, they can also cau dias after being eaten, even if they are fully cooked.

·如果出现洪水，消费者还须评价所储食物和饮用水的安全性。

·If there are floods, consumers also need to evaluate the safety of their stored food and drinking water.

三、公司防台风暴雨应急救援

III. Huawei's emergency rescue measures in ca of typhoon

为应对台风灾害，保证抢险救灾工作高效有序进行，最大程度地减少人员伤亡和财产损失，公司各区域建立了以物业单位为主的应急队伍（含清洁、动力、安全人员）。当台风来临时，应急保障队伍24小时待命在宿舍，部门负责人保持通信畅通，随时准备应急抢险。

To cope with typhoon, ensure efficient and orderly disaster relief, and reduce personal injury/death and property loss to the maximum extent, Huawei has t up emergency teams (including cleaning, power supply, and safety personnel) with property companies as the core in various regions. When a typhoon comes, members of the emergency teams will be waiting for instructions in their dormitories 24 hours, and their leaders should maintain smooth communication, to get ready for emergency actions at any time.

根据预警信号的等级，而启动不同级别的响应，内容一般为：

Trigger different levels of respon according to the level of the warning signals, which generally are as follows:

1、信息通报：通过网络、广播、电视等新闻煤体随时了解热带气旋的最新情况，行政管理部负责将台风信息上网公告，提醒员工做好防范工作。对最新动态及时向部门负责人通报。

1. News announcement: Get the latest information about tropical cyclones at any time through news media including website, radio, and TV. The administration department is responsible for releasing typhoon information online, to remind employees to make preparations, and to report latest developments to departmental leaders in time.

2、防御措施：启动应急预案，安排主管级领导现场值班，按地域保留机动人员。停止高空作业或通知户外作业人员；进行安全检查等。

2. Prevention measures: Trigger the emergency plans, arrange executive-level leaders to be on duty, and rerve flexible personnel by region. Stop overhead operations or notify outdoor operators. Implement safety inspection.

3、防灾准备：将露于天台、楼顶、园区内可能被风吹走的物品移入室内；缚牢有可能被风吹落的物体；加固室外树木等；切断低洼地带有危险的室外电源；疏散低洼地区易浸物资，避免财产受损等。

3. Prepare for the disaster: Move objects that are easy to be blown away by wind expod on balconies, rooftops, and within the campus indoors. Securely tie up objects that are likely to be blown down by wind. Reinforce outdoor trees. Cut off outdoor dangerous power supplies in low-lying areas. Evacuate materials that are easy to be soaked by water in low-lying areas, to avoid property loss.

4、检查与抢险过去分词和过去式: 台风暴雨过程中，物业巡检人员应保持对建筑内外进行巡检，重点部位安排专人守护，对出现的门、窗破损、渗水等要及时采取有效的措施进行处理，发生事故要及时通报。

4. Inspection and disaster relief: During typhoon and rainstorm, property inspectors should take inspection tours inside and outside the buildings, arrange dedicated persons to watch out key locations, take timely and effective measures to fix damaged doors or windows and to deal with water epage, and make timely public announcement if accidents are found.

5、善后处理：进行损失评估和灾后重建。根据实际情况进行。

5. Handling the aftermath: Implement loss asssment and post-disaster reconstruction depending on the actual situation.

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