高考英语《形容词和副词》专项练习（含答案）
第一节 形容词和副词的作用
1．形容词的作用
1）作定语
The prent markets have taken a new look. 目前市场一派新气象。
2）作系动词的表语
Their performance was excellent. He looks upt.
This text ems difficult. He is said to have gone mad.
3）作宾语补足语
Who left the door open ? 谁没有关门？
Something must be done to make the waste water clean.
4）作伴随状况
He waited outside, cold and hungry.
His son returned home, safe and sound.（安然无恙）
2．形容词作定语的位置
1）形容词作定语通常放在被修饰的名词之前。若出现多个形容词，排列顺序为：
a）冠词——序数词——数量词——描绘性形容词
I spent the last few sunny days at the aside.
b）描绘性形容词——大小——长短——新旧——国籍——材料
build a fine new stone bridge He is a famous American writer.
2）下列三种情况定语后置
a）短语 He was the only person awake at the moment.
b）修饰不定代词 If anything unusual happens, let me know.
c）“a”开头的形容词 He is the greatest artist alive today.幸运心 他是在世最伟大的艺术家。
矛与盾文言文翻译Time alone will show who was right.(time alone=only time)
只有时间能证明到底谁正确。
3．副词的作用
主要用作状语，修饰动词，形容词，副词，介词短语和整个句子
I simply can’t accept your prents.（修饰动词） 我无论如何不能接受你的礼物。
I’m terribly sorry to interrupt you. The cars are running at much the same speed.（修饰形容词）
This article is translated quite well.（修饰副词）
She looks exactly like her mother.（修饰介词短语）
Luckily, I escaped being killed by a passing car.（修饰全句）
改错 1）—— How did you find his lecture ?
—— Very well. It couldn’t be any better.
2）How different the people there speak English from us！
3）The vast majority of people were strong against the decision.
4）It is too a hot day today. I can’t stand the burning air.
答案：
1） well → good well表示“好”是副词，当形容词用时表示“健康”
2） different → differently,它修饰动词speak
3）strong → strongly,它修饰介词 短语against the decision
4）a hot → hot a too通常修饰形容词和副词。too也可修饰单数可数名词，表达方式：too + adj. + a +n美的名言。类似词有as, so和how。
He is so good a boy that we all like him.
How good a boy he is!
请注意关于too的一些特殊表达：
1．can not…too… 再… 也不为过
2．only too = very 非常
You can’t too careful when crossing the street. 横越马路后，越小心越好。
I’m only too plead to be able to go home. 能回到家，我真高兴。
宫古岛3．too 可以有以下程度状语
1）You speak a bit/ a little/ rather too fast.你讲话有点快。
2）The shoes are far/ much too big for me.这双鞋我穿太大了。
几组副词的比较：
1.very, much
二者均为程度副词，very 修饰形容词或副词；much修饰“a”开头的形容词，过去分词或非谓语动词。例如：
very good/ exciting/ limited.（以习惯上被用作形容词的过去分词）
He was (very) much afraid.
I enjoyed the film (very) much.
2.already, yet, still观音菩萨简介
already 用在肯定句，表示某事已经发生；yet用于否定句和疑问句中，表示期待某事发生；still表示某事还在进行。例如：
I have already finished my work.
He hasn’t come back yet.
Has she fallen asleep yet?
译：1）Keep still when I take a picture.
2) It is raining hard; still, we must go out.
3．almost, nearly
1)almost 比nearly 更接近某状况。例如：
It’s almost 12 o’clock. (11:55)
It’s nearly 12 o’clock. (11:45)
2)almost 多与nobody, nothing, no, none, never 连用。例如：
早日康复I almost never e him.
not nearly为固定用法，含义为“远非”。例如：
It’s not nearly easy.
4．quite, rather, fairly
1)quite 和rather 修饰名词时在a 之前。而fairly 在a 之后。例如：
We had quite a party. It’s a fairly interesting film.
但如果有形容词和rather 一起修饰名词时，放在a 的前后均可，例如：
They are rather a strong (a rather strong) team.
2)rather 通常修饰贬义词和不喜欢的词，而fairly通常修饰褒义词或喜好的词。
例如：
The question is rather difficult.
The city is fairly clean.
第二节 形容词和副词的比较结构
英语中的形容词和副词可以划分为三个等级：原级，比较级和最高级。
原级 比较级 肩章军衔图解 最高级
young younger youngest
excellent more excellent most excellent
1.形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成方法
1）单音节词及以“er”，“le”，“ow”，“辅音字母+y”收尾的双音节词，在词尾加er或est构成比较级和最高级
quick → quicker → quickest large → larger → largest
thin → thinner →thinnest clever → cleverer → cleverest刘姓男孩取名
simple → simpler → simplest narrow → narrower → narrowest
happy → happier → happiest
2）其他双音节词及多音节词，在词加more或most构成比较级和最高级
famous → more famous → most famous
beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful
3）英语中有一部分形容词和副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，如下表所示：
原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
far | farther | farthest |
further | furthest |
good, well | better | best |
bad badly, ill | wor | worst |
many, much | more | most |
little | less | lest |
old | older | oldest |
elder | eldest |
| | |
注：1）farther, further均可表示距离上“更远”；但表示程度上“进一步”，用further。
I’m too tired to go any farther / further.
We must look into the matter further. 我们必须进一步调查此事。
I have nothing further to say. 我再没什么可说的了。
注：2）elder / eldest指家庭成员的长幼关系，作前置定语。
