你们要的干货与工具——假基因的基本介绍和数据库
斑鸠吃什么
今天我们先介绍一个概念——假基因：
怎么和女朋友聊天∙Pudogenes are gments of DNA that are related to real genes.
∙巴戟汤Pudogenes are usually characterized by a combination of homology to a known gene and loss of some functionality. That is, although every pudogene has a DNA quence that is similar to some functional gene, they are usually unable to produce functional final protein products
∙Pudogenes have lost at least some functionality, relative to the complete gene, in cellular gene expression or protein-coding ability.
∙Although not fully functional, pudogenes may be functional, similar to other kinds of noncoding DNA, which can perform regulatory functions. The 'pudo' in 'pudogene' implies a variation in quence relative to the parent coding gene, but does not necessarily indicate pudo-function.
∙送老婆的生日礼物Despite being non-coding, many pudogenes have important roles in normal physiology and abnormal pathology.干贝排骨汤
这里主要说了几个意思：假基因与“真（母）基因”在结构上可能不同，导致不能翻译真（母）基因的蛋白；但假基因也可能是有功能的，其可能以类似非编码RNA的形式起到调控作用。比如在Pudogene in cancer: real functions and promising signature.J Med Genet. 2015 Jan;52(1):17-24. 这篇综述中就总结了肿瘤中的假基因分类、功能及研究意义：手机cpu
教师节英文
The origin and classification of pudogene
Functions of pudogenic RNA
假基因RNA的功能：（A）假基因的反义RNA与真（母）基因（parental）n mRNA结
合减缓其翻译；（B-D) 假基因RNA产生Endo-siRNAs；（E）假基因RNA作为ceRNA调控靶基因；（F）假基因RNA通过RNA结合蛋白或者翻译机制调控RNA表达或者蛋白翻译。
Functions of pudogenic protein.
假基因通过与真（母）基因蛋白互作或者作为抗原肽发挥功能。
由于假基因的英文单词为pudogene，所以很多假基因的名字常常以真基因名+P（即p
udogene）结尾，比如PTEN基因的假基因PTENP1（phosphata and tensin homolog pudogene 1），就有很多文章报道调控“母基因”PTEN的表达：
1.Pudogene PTENP1 Suppress Gastric Cancer Progression by Modulating PTEN.Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2016;16(4):456-64.
