高考试题语法例题
1.Without electricity human life__________quite different today.
A.is B.will be
C.would have been D.would be(MET91)
2.I insist that a doctor__________immediately.
A.has been nt for B.nds for
C.had been nt for D.be nt for(MET88)
3.If it__________for the snow,we__________the mountain yesterday.
A.were not;could have climbed B.were not;could climb
C.had not been;could have climbed D.had not been;could climb(MET91)
4.I wish I__________you yesterday.
A.en B.did e
C.had en D.were to e(MET88)
5.The rice__________if you had been more careful.
A.would not be burning B.would not burn
C.would not have been burnt D.would not burnt (MET88)
我真后悔参考答案及详解
1.D。该句中的介词短语起了虚拟条件句的作用,因为假设的是现在的情况,所以主句中的谓语动词应该用“would+动词原形”的形式。
2.D。某些表示建议、命令等含义的动词,如insist,suggest,order等后的宾语从句中,谓语动词应该用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”的形式,should可以省略。
3.C。表示与过去事实相反。
4.C。wish后面跟的宾语从句通常表示一种没有实现的愿望。该句表达的是与过去事实相反的愿望制作南瓜灯,所以应该用过去完成时。
5.C。该题是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,从句用过去完成时,主句用“would have done”结构。
6.If my lawyer__________here last Saturday,he__________me from going.
A.had been;would have prevented B.had been;would prevent
C.were;would prevent D.were;would have prevented(MET89)
7.-If he__________,he__________that food.
-Luckily he was nt to the hospital immediately.
A.was warned;would not take
拜年的短信B.had been warned;would not have taken
C.would be warned;would not have taken
D.would have been warned;had not taken(MET93)
8.I didn't e your sister at the meeting.If she__________,she would have met my brother.
A.has come B.did come C.came D.had come(NMET94)
9.When a pencil is put in a glass of water,it looks as if it__________.
A.breaks B.has broken
C.were broken D.had been broken (NMET95)
10.You didn't let me drive.If we__________in turn,you__________so tired.
A.drove;didn't get B.drove;wouldn't get (NMET96)
C.were driving;wouldn't get D.had driven;wouldn't have got
参考答案及详解
6.A。该题考查虚拟条件句中主句和从句的时态。只要考生抓住题干中last Saturday这一时间状语,便可得知这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。
7.B。该题通过一组对话来考查虚拟语气的用法。题干虽然没有明确的时间状语,但答句中的时态可提示考生这仍是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。
8.D。前句中的时态和后句中的would have met两个信息都可以提示考生这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。
9.C。as if(though)所接的从句常用虚拟结构,如主句和从句中的谓语动词所表达的动作同时发生,as if后接一般过去式;如从句的动作在主句之前发生,则用过去完成时。
10.D。旨在考查考生对与过去事实相反的条件句中时态的掌握情况,前句中的时态表明,这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。
[冻豆腐的家常做法虚拟语气] 虚拟语气的用法
虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。下面分别介绍虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法。
1.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句
注意:主句中的东方银滩should通常用于第一人称,would可用于任何人称,同时也可根据意思用情态动词could,might等代替should,would。
1)表示与现在事实相反:
If I were you,I should stay at home.
If the peasants could farm the land themlves,food production would be much higher.
If fewer cash crops were grown,more food could be produced and there would be less or no starvation.
2)表示与过去事实相反:
If you had come yesterday,you would have met him.
If the hurricane had happened during the daytime,there would have been many deaths.
3)表示与将来事实相反:If you came tomorrow,we would have the meeting. 怎样坐着瘦腿
If it were to/should rain tomorrow,the meeting would be put off.
If it should rain,the crops would be saved.
4)当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。例如:If you had followed the doctor's advice,you would be quite all right now.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在。)
5)以上句型可以转换成下列形式:中国民间鬼故事①从句省略if,用倒装句式"were,had,should+主语"。例如:Were I in school again,I would work harder. Had you been here earlier,you would have en him. Should there be a meeting tomorrow,I would come.②用介词短语代替条件状语从句。例如:Without air, there would be no living things. I would not have succeeded but for your help.
2.虚拟语气用于宾语从句
1)"wish+宾语从句"表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为"可惜……"、"……就好了"、"悔不该……"、"但愿……"等。表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来不能实现的愿望,用"would(could)+动词原形";表示过去不能实现的愿望,用"had+过去分词"或"(could)would+have+过去分词"。例如:
I wish we could go to the aside today.
I wish you told me earlier.
We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.
2)虚拟语气在动词arrange,command,demand,desire,insist,order,propo,request,require,suggest等后面的宾语从句中,用"(should)+动词原形"。例如:
I suggested that the meeting(should)be put off.
The doctor ordered that she(should)stay in bed for a few days.
They demanded that the black people should be treated as well as white people.
泡茶
注意:insist作"力言"、"强调"解时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气。只有当insist作"坚持(应该)"解时,宾语从句才用虚拟语气。例如:
Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.
I insisted that you give me my money back.
3.虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句
作advice,idea,order,demand,plan,proposal,suggestion,request等名词的表语从句和同位语从句,其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构"(should)+动词原形"。例如:
