常用骨科医学专业英语词汇
骨科ORTHOPEDICS
1、概论INTRODUCTION
*fracture n.骨折
pathological fracture 病理骨折
fatigue fracture 疲劳骨折
*open fracture 开放骨折
clo fracture 闭合骨折
*comminuted fracture粉碎性骨折
compresd fracture 压缩骨折
shock n.休克
*deformity n.畸形
tenderness n.压痛
swelling n.肿胀
ecchymosis n.瘀斑
obstacle n.功能障碍
*bonefascial compartment syndrome 骨筋膜室综合征infection n.感染
spinal cord injury 脊髓损伤
surrounding nerve 周围神经
*fat embolism 脂肪栓塞
bedsore n.褥疮
arthroclisis n.关节僵硬
ischemic necrosis 缺血性坏死
ischemic contraction 缺血性挛缩
*traumatic arthritis 创伤性关节炎
hematoma n.血肿
*callus n.骨痂
heal n.愈合
*synovitis n.滑膜炎
*ligament n.韧带
*tendon n.肌腱
* pyogenic osteomyelitis 化脓性骨髓炎
*reduction n.复位
*bone traction 骨牵引
*osteoporosis n.骨质疏松
2、上肢骨折FRACTURE OF UPPER EXTREMITIES clavicle n.锁骨
*humerus n.肱骨
*rotation n.旋转
supracondyle n.髁上
blister n.水疱
pulsate n.搏动
thrombus n.血栓
*cancellous n.松质骨
*epiphysis n.骨骺
*injury n.损伤
*joint n.关节stability n.稳定
ulna n.尺骨
论语阳货radius n.桡骨
metacarpal bone 掌骨
bone graft 植骨
hemostasis 止血
*periosteum n.骨膜
tension n.张力
adhesion n.粘连
*skin grafting 植皮
婴幼儿急疹症状*arthrodesis n.关节融合
extrusion n.挤压
个人检查gangrene n.坏疽
pallor n.苍白、灰白
*amputation n.截肢
plaster n.石膏
paralysis n.瘫痪
bandage n.绷带
2、手外伤HAND TRAUMA
avulsion n.撕脱
*dislocation n.脱位
stiff adj.僵硬
教师法全文
3、下肢骨折与关节损伤FRACTURE OF LOWER EXTREMITIES AND ARTICULAR INJURY
femur n.股骨
adduction n.内收
parate v.分离
cartilage n.软骨
*synovialis n.滑膜
*spinal column 脊柱
5、脊柱及骨盆骨折FRACTURE OF VERTEBRAL COLUMN AND PELVIS
column n.椎体
cervical column 颈椎
*lumber vertebra 腰椎
sacrum n.骶椎
n n.感觉
movement n.运动
reflect v.反射
*pelvis n.骨盆
6、关节脱位ARTICULAR DISLOCATION congenital dislocation 先天性脱位
pathological dislocation 病理性脱位
*osteoarthritis n.骨关节炎
*total hip replacement 全髋置换术
班主任评价
7、运动系统慢性损伤CHRONIC STRAIN OF MOVEMENT SYSTEM
strain n.劳损
*cystis n.滑囊
*stenod tenosynovitis 狭窄性腱鞘炎
*ganglion n.腱鞘囊肿
degenerative adj.退行性变
multiply v.增生
abnormal n 感觉异常
8、腰腿痛和颈肩痛LUMBAGO AND SHOULDER PAINS
stenod column 椎管狭窄
9、骨与关节化脓感染OSTEOARTICULAR PURULENT LNFECTION
channel n.窦道
drill hole 钻孔
*drainage n.引流
10、骨与关节结核OSTEOARTICULAR TUBERCULOSIS
bone tuberculosis 骨结核
spinal cord compression 脊髓压迫
11、骨肿瘤BONE TUMOR
bone tumor 骨肿瘤
*osteochondroma n.骨软骨瘤
*osteosarcoma n.骨肉瘤
chemotherapy n.化疗
*synoviosarcoma n.滑膜肉瘤
医学英语分科常用词汇
人体解剖学HUMAN ANATOMY
之运动系统LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM
1、中轴骨AXIAL BONES
*bone n.骨
*vertebrae n.椎骨
*cervical vertebrae 颈椎
*thoracic vertebrae 胸椎
lumbar vertebrae 腰椎
摘樱桃*sacrum n.骶骨
coccyx 尾骨
atlas n.寰椎
axis n.枢椎
*sternum n.胸骨
sternal angle 胸骨角
sternal manubrium 胸骨柄
xiphoid process 剑突
*rib n.肋
*thoracic cage 胸廓
2、颅SKULL
*skull n.颅
*frontal bone 额骨*parietal bone 顶骨
*occipital bone 枕骨
*temporal bone 颞骨
*sphenoid bone 蝶骨
*ethmoid bone 筛骨
*mandible n.下颌骨
hyoid bone 舌骨
vomer n.犁骨
*maxilla n.上颌骨
palatine bone 腭骨
nasal bone 鼻骨
lacrimal bone 泪骨
inferior nasal concha 下鼻甲
zygomatic bone 颧骨
*coronal suture冠状缝
*sagital suture 矢状缝
*lambdoid suture 人字缝
orbit n.眶
cranial fontanelle 颅囟
2、附肢骨TARSAL BONES AND EXTREMITAL BONES
*clavicle n.锁骨
*scapula n.肩胛骨
*humerus n.肱骨
*radius n.桡骨
*ulna n.尺骨
carpal bone 腕骨
metacarpal bone 掌骨
phalanges n.指骨，趾骨
*hip bone 髋骨
*ilium n.髂骨
*ischium n.坐骨
*pubis n.耻骨
*femur n.股骨
patella n.髌骨
*tibia n.胫骨
*fibula n.腓骨
tarsal bone 跗骨
metatarsal bone 跖骨
4、关节学ARTHROLOGY
*articulation n.关节
*ligament n.韧带
*flexion n.屈
*extension n.伸
*adduction n.收
*medial rotation 旋内
*lateral rotation 旋外
pronation n旋前.
supination n.旋后
circumduction n.环转
*vertebral column脊柱
*thoracic cage 胸廓
*intervertebral disc 椎间盘
*temporal-mandibular joint 颞下颌关节
*shoulder joint 肩关节
*elbow joint 肘关节
*radiocarpal joint 桡腕关节
*pelvis n.骨盆
*hip joint 髋关节
*knee joint 膝关节
*ankle joint 踝关节
5、肌肉系统MUSCULATURE
(1)肌学系统INTRODUCTION OF MUSCULATURE *muscle n.肌肉
muscle belly 肌腹
tendon n.肌腱
aponeurosis n.腱膜
*fascia n.筋膜
*tendinous sheath 腱鞘
（2）躯干肌TRUNK MUSCLES
trapezius n.斜方肌
latissimus dorsi 背阔肌
erector spinae 竖脊肌
*sternocleidomastoid adj.胸锁乳突的
*scalenus n.斜角肌
pectoralis major 胸大肌
intercostales n.肋间肌
*diaphragm n.膈（肌）
*inguinal canal 腹股沟管
*sheath of rectus abdominis 腹直肌鞘
（3）头肌HEAD MUSCLES
orbicularis oculi 眼轮匝肌
master n.咬肌
*temporalis n.颞肌
*deltoid n.三角肌
*biceps brachii 肱二头肌
*triceps brachii 肱三头肌
*axillary fossa 腋窝
（4）附肢肌MUSCLES ATTACHED TO EXTREMITTES
*gluteus maximus 臀大肌
piriformis n.梨状肌
*sartorius n.缝匠肌
*quadriceps femoris 股四头肌
triceps surae 小腿三头肌
*femoral triangle 股三角popliteal fossa 腘窝
医学英语分科常用词汇
诊断学——骨关节系统OSTEOARTICULAR SYSTEM
*Codman’striangle 骨膜三角，科德曼三角
H-shaped vertebra,butterfly vertebra 蝴蝶椎Rugger-Jersay vertebra 夹心椎体Scheuermann’s dia 绍尔曼病
Schmorl’s nodu le 施莫尔结节
Shenton’s line 沈通氏线
apophysis n. 骺状突
*arthrography n.关节造影
basilar impression,basilarinvagination 颅底凹陷block vertebra 融合椎
bone island 骨岛
bursography n.泪囊造影
compacta n.骨密度
cortical porosity 皮质骨疏松症craniolacunia,luckenschadel n.颅骨陷窝
*empty lla 空蝶鞍
endosteal proliferation 骨内膜增生
*epiphysis n.骨骺
Intratrabecular resorption 骨小梁内吸收
ivory vertebra 象牙椎
marrow-packing dia 骨髓充填疾病massive osteolysis 大片骨溶解melopheostosis n.蜡油骨症
ossification n.骨化
osteopathia striata 纹骨症
*osteopenia n.骨质减少
osteopetrosis n.石骨症
osteopoikilosis n.斑骨症
pars interarticularis 椎弓峡部
periosteal reaction 骨膜反应
physis n.骨生长端
*pudofracture, Loor zone n.假骨折
spina ventosa 骨气鼓
spongiosa 骨疏松
woven bone 编织骨
*zone of provisional calcification 临时钙化带Carpal tunnel syntrome腕管综合征Osteoperia：骨质疏松
Hallus vaglus：拇外翻
常用解剖术语[anatomic terms] ænəˈtɔmik
1、总论[Introduction]
•superior[上] [sjuˈpiəriə]
•inferior[下] inˈfiəriə
•Cranial[头侧]
•Caudal[尾侧] ˈkɔ:dl
•anterior[前] ænˈtɪəri:ə
•posterior[后] pɔˈstɪəri:ə
•ventral[腹侧] ventrəl
•dorsal[背侧] ˈdɔ:səl
•medial[内侧] ˈmi:djəl
•lateral[外侧] lætərəl
•internal[内] inˈtə:nəl
•external[外] eksˈtə:nl
•superficial[浅] ˌsju:pəˈfiʃəl
•profundal[深] prəˈfʌndəl
•proximal[近侧] prɔksiməl
•distal[远侧] distəl
•ulnar[尺侧]
•radial[桡侧] ˈreɪdi:əl
•tibial[胫侧]
•fibular[腓侧]
运动系统[locomotor (kinetic) system]
•vertebrae[椎骨] cervical vertebrae颈椎
•cervical vevtebrae[颈椎]
•thoracic vertebrae[胸椎] θɔ(:)ˈræsik
•lumbar vertebrae[腰椎] lʌmbə
•sacrum[骶骨] ikrəm
•sternum[胸骨] ˈstə:nəm
•clavicle[锁骨] klævikl
•scapula (shoulder blade)[肩胛骨] skæpjulə
•humerus[肱骨] ˈhju:mərəs
•radius[桡骨] reidjəs
•ulna[尺骨] ʌlnə
•carpal bone[腕骨] ˈkɑ:pəl
•metacarpal bone [掌骨] ˌmetəˈkɑ:pl
•phalanges[指(趾)骨] fæˈlændʒi:z] Sequestrectomy ˌsi:kwesˈtrektəmi死骨切除（术）Sequestrectomy of humeral head to surgical neck肱骨头至外科颈死骨切除术
Sequestrectomy of phalanges of foot
足趾骨死骨切除术
•hip bone[髋骨]
•ilium[髂骨] iliəm
•ischium [坐骨] iskiəm
•pubis[耻骨]
•femur [股骨] ˈfi:mə
•patella[髌骨] pəˈtelə
•tibia[胫骨] ˈtɪbi:ə•fibula [腓骨] fibjulə
•articulation[关节] ɑ:ˌtikjuˈleiʃən
•ligament[韧带] lɪgəmənt
•flexion[屈] Full extension and full flexion should be assd actively, along with pronation and supination.
应该评估主动的完全伸直和完全弯曲，以及手臂内旋和外转
•extension[伸] iksˈtenʃən
•adduction[收] əˈdʌkʃən
•abduction[展] əbˈdʌkʃən
•medial rotation[旋内] rəʊˈteɪʃən The asons follow each other in rotation.
四季循环交替。
•lateral rotation[旋外]
•pronation[旋前] prəuˈneiʃən
•supination[旋后] sju:piˈneiʃən
•circumductoin[环转]
•vertebral column[脊柱]
•intervertebral disc[椎间盘]
•shoulder joint[肩关节]
•elbow joint[肘关节]
•radiocarpal joint[肩关节]
•radiocarpal joint[桡腕关节]
煎带鱼的做法
•pelvis[骨盆] pelvɪs
•hip joint[髋关节]
•knee joint[膝关节]
•ankle joint[踝关节] æŋkl
•muscle [肌肉]
•tendon[肌腱] tendən
•fascia[筋膜]
•tendinous sheath[腱鞘]
•deltoid[三角肌]
•biceps brachii[肱二头肌]
•triceps brachii[肱三头肌]
•gluteus maximus[臀大肌]
•quadriceps femoris[股四头肌]
•triceps surae[小腿三头肌]
医学英语常用前后缀
•ab-[分离]
▲abduct [外展]
▲abscision[切除]
•acro-[肢端]
▲acromegaly[肢端肥大症]
-ad[……侧]
▲ventrad[向腹侧]
▲cephalad[向头侧]
•-algesia[痛觉]
▲hypoalgesia[痛觉减退] ˌhaipəuælˈdʒi:siə
•-algia[痛]
▲arthralgia[关节痛] ɑ:ˈθrældʒiə
▲cephalgia[头痛]
▲neuralgia[神经痛] njuəˈrældʒə
•angio-[血管]
▲angiography[血管造影术]
▲angioedema[血管性水肿]
▲angeitis[脉管炎]
▲angiofibroma[血管纤维瘤]
•ante-[前]
▲antenatal[出生前的]
▲anteflexion[前屈]
•antero-[前]
▲anterolateral[前侧壁]
▲anteroventral[前腹侧]
•anti-[抗，反]
▲antibiotics[抗生素]
▲anticoagulant[抗凝剂]
•arterio-[动脉]
▲arteriospasm[动脉痉挛]
▲arteriosclerosis[动脉硬化]
•
arthro-[关节]
▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺]
▲arthrotomy[关节切开术]
▲arthritis[关节炎] ɑ:ˈθraɪtɪs
•-asthenia[无力]
▲myasthenia[肌无力]
▲neurasthenia[神经衰弱]
▲bactericide[杀菌剂]
•
bi-[双]
▲bilateral[两侧的]
•bio-[生命] ▲biology[生物学]
▲biopsy[活检]
•-blast[母细胞]
▲melanoblast[成黑色素细胞]
▲osteoblast[成骨细胞]
•brachy-[短]
▲brachydactylia[短指畸形]
•calci-[钙]
▲calcification[钙化]
▲calcicosilicosis[钙沉着症]
•
carbo-[碳]
▲carbohydrate[碳水化合物]
▲carbohaemia[碳酸血症]
carcino-[癌]
▲carcinogen[致癌物]
•-centesis[穿刺]
▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺术]
▲abdominocentesis[腹穿]
cephalo-[头]
▲cephaloxia[斜颈]无语的说说
•chondro-[软骨] ▲chondrosarcoma[软骨肉瘤]
▲chondrification[骨软化]
dis-[分离]
▲discission[分离术]
▲disinfection[消毒法]
•-dynia[痛]
▲acrodynia[肢体痛] ækrəˈdinjə
•dys-[异常] ▲dysfunction[功能不良]
•-ectomy[切除术]
▲lipectomy[脂肪切除术]
•inter-[间]
▲intervertebral[椎间的]
•intra-[内]
▲intravenous[静脉内的]
•lumbo-[腰]
▲lumbosacral[腰骶部的]
▲lumbago[腰背痛]
