INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES
Guidelines for regulating wood packaging material in international trade ISPM No. 15
CONTENTS ENDORSEMENT (199)
INTRODUCTION SCOPE (199)
REFERENCES (199)
DEFINITIONS (199)
OUTLINE OF REQUIREMENTS (199)
REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
1. Basis for Regulating (200)
2. Regulated Wood Packaging Material (200)
以后别做朋友歌词3. Measures for Wood Packaging Material (200)
拜年吉祥话3.1 Approved measures (200)
3.2 Measures pending approval (201)
3.3 Other measures (201)
3.4 Review of measures (201)
OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS (201)
4. Dunnage (201)
军校怎么考5. Procedures Ud Prior to Export (201)
5.1 Compliance checks on procedures applied prior to export (201)
5.2 Transit arrangements (201)
6. Procedures upon Import (201)
6.1 Measures for non-compliance at point of entry (202)
6.2 Disposal (202)
ANNEXES
I. Approved measures associated with wood packaging material (203)
II. Marking for approved measures (204)
III. Measures being considered for approval under this standard (205)
ENDORSEMENT
This standard was endord by the Interim Commission on Phytosanitary Measures in March 2002. Modifications to Annex I were endord by the Commission on Phytosanitary Measures in April 2006.
INTRODUCTION
SCOPE
This standard describes phytosanitary measures to reduce the risk of introduction and/or spread of q
uarantine pests associated with wood packaging material (including dunnage), made of coniferous and non-coniferous raw wood, in u in international trade.
REFERENCES
Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, 1994. World Trade Organization, Geneva. Export certification system, 1997. ISPM No. 7, FAO, Rome.
Glossary of phytosanitary terms, 2001. ISPM No. 5, FAO, Rome.
Guidelines for phytosanitary certificates, 2001. ISPM No. 12, FAO, Rome.
Guidelines on notification of non-compliance and emergency action, 2001. ISPM No. 13, FAO, Rome.
ISO 3166-1-ALPHA-2 CODE ELEMENTS (www.din.de/gremien/nas/nabd/iso3166ma/codlstp1/en_listp1.html) International Plant Protection Convention, 1997. FAO, Rome.
Principles of plant quarantine as related to international trade, 1995. ISPM No. 1, FAO, Rome.
DEFINITIONS
Definitions of phytosanitary terms ud in the prent standard can be found in ISPM No. 5 (Glossary of phytosanitary terms).
OUTLINE OF REQUIREMENTS
Wood packaging material made of unprocesd raw wood is a pathway for the introduction and spread of pests. Becau the origin of wood packaging material is often difficult to determine, globally approved measures that significantly reduce the risk of pest spread are described. NPPOs are encouraged to accept wood packaging material that has been subjected to an approved measure without further requirements. Such wood packaging material includes dunnage, but excludes procesd wood packaging material.
Procedures to verify that an approved measure, including the application of a globally recognized mark, has been applied should be in place in both exporting and importing countries. Other measures agreed to under a bilateral arrangement are also considered in this standard. Wood packaging material that does not comply with the requirements of this standard should be dispod of in an approved manner.
REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
1. Basis for Regulating
隔离霜的作用Wood packaging material is frequently made of raw wood that may not have undergone sufficient processing or treatment to remove or kill pests and therefore becomes a pathway for the introduction and spread of pests. Furthermore, wood packaging material is very often re-ud, recycled or re-manufactured (in that packaging received with an imported consignment may be re-ud to accompany another consignment for export). The true origin of any piece of wood packaging material is difficult to determine and thus its phytosanitary status cannot be ascertained. Therefore the normal process of undertaking risk analysis to determine if measures are necessary and the strength of such measures is frequently not possible for wood packaging material becau its origin and phytosanitary status may not be known. For this reason, this standard describes globally accepted measures that are approved and that may be applied to wood packaging material by all countries to practically eliminate the risk for most quarantine pests and significantly reduce the risk from a number of other pests that may be associated with that material.
Countries should have technical justification for requiring the application of the approved measures a
s described in this standard for imported wood packaging material. Requiring phytosanitary measures beyond an approved measure as described in this standard also requires technical justification.
2. Regulated Wood Packaging Material
The guidelines are for coniferous and non-coniferous raw wood packaging material that may rve as a pathway for plant pests posing a threat mainly to living trees. They cover wood packaging material such as pallets, dunnage, crating, packing blocks, drums, cas, load boards, pallet collars, and skids which can be prent in almost any imported consignment, including consignments which would not normally be the target of phytosanitary inspection.
Wood packaging made wholly of wood-bad products such as plywood, particle board, oriented strand board or veneer that have been created using glue, heat and pressure or a combination thereof should be considered sufficiently procesd to have eliminated the risk associated with the raw wood. It is unlikely to be infested by raw wood pests during its u and therefore should not be regulated for the pests.风寒感冒吃什么药效果好
个人学习总结Wood packaging material such as veneer peeler cores1, sawdust, wood wool, and shavings, and ra
w wood cut into thin2 pieces may not be pathways for introduction of quarantine pests and should not be regulated unless technically justified.
3. Measures for Wood Packaging Material
3.1 Approved measures
Any treatment, process, or a combination of the that is significantly effective against most pests should be considered effective in mitigating pest risks associated with wood packaging material ud in transport. The choice of a measure for wood packaging material is bad on consideration of:
- the range of pests that may be affected
- the efficacy of the measure
茫然的反义词- the technical and/or commercial feasibility.
Approved measures should be accepted by all NPPOs as the basis for authorizing the entry of wood packaging material without further requirements except where it is determined through interceptions and/or PRA that specific quarantine pests associated with certain types of wood packaging material from specific sources require more rigorous measures.
Approved measures are specified in Annex I.
Wood packaging material subjected to the approved measures should display a specified mark shown in Annex II.
春天有什么颜色The u of marks address the operational difficulties associated with the verification of compliance with treatment for wood packaging material. A universally recognized, non-language specific mark facilitates verification during inspection at the point of export, at the point of entry or elwhere.
References for supporting documentation on approved measures are available from the IPPC Secretariat.
1Veneer peeler cores are a by-product of veneer production involving high temperatures and comprising the center of a log remaining after the peeling process.
2 Thin wood is considered to be 6mm thickness or less according to the Customs Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (the Harmonized System or HS).
