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2.References
交通安全简笔画2.1Applicable Publications—One or more of the following documents may be required for materials evaluation
before and after exposure. Evaluation procedures shall be specified by the different automotive manufacturers:右手食指戴戒指意义
2.1.1SAE P UBLICATIO NS—Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001
SAE J400—Test for Chip Resistance of Surface Coatings
SAE J1545—Instrumental Color Difference Measurements for Exterior Finishes, Textiles, and Colored Trim 2.1.2ASTM P UBLICATIONS—Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.
ASTMG147—Standard Practice for Conditioning and Handling of Nonmetallic Materials for Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests
ASTM D 523—Standard Test Method for Specular Gloss
ASTM D 610—Standard Method for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted Steel Surfaces
ASTM D 714—Standard Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints
ASTM D 772—Standard Method for Evaluating Degree of Flaking (Scaling) of Exterior Paints
ASTMD2794—Standard Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings to the Effect of Rapid Deformation (Impact)
ASTM D 3002—Standard Practice for Evaluation of Coatings for Plastics
ASTM D 3359—Standard Method for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test
广东竹鼠ASTM D 3363—Standard Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test
ASTMD3924—Standard Specifications for Standard Environment for Conditioning and Testing Paint,
Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Materials
ASTM D 4060—Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abrar ASTM D 4214—Standard Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Chalking of Exterior Paint Films
ASTME313—Standard Test Method for Index of Whiteness and Yellowness of Near-White Opaque Materials
2.1.3ISO P UBLICATIONS—Available from ANSI, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002.
ISO 9223—Corrosion of metals and alloys—Corrosivity of atmospheres—Measurement of pollution
ISO TS16949 – Quality Systems – Automotive Suppliers – Particular requirements for the application of ISO 9001:1994
ISO 17025 – General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
3.Significance and U
3.1This method shall be ud to test the weather resistance of all materials intended for automotive exterior
applications. Tho materials covered by government specifications are exempt from this document.
3.2Since the natural environment varies considerably during any twelve-month period with respect to location,
different results may be expected among sites located within the same climate classification or region.怜爱
3.2.1Exposures can be conducted in any type of climate. However, to obtain results from the most vere
outdoor environment, exposures are often conducted in locations that receive high levels of solar radiation, temperature, and moisture. Typically, the conditions are found in hot dert and subtropical or tropical climates, such as Phoenix, Arizona and Miami, Florida, respectively. Known attributes of the u environment should be reprented by the locations lected for outdoor durability evaluation. For example, if the u environment for the product being evaluated will include freeze/thaw cycling, specimen exposure in
a northern temperate climate is recommended. In addition, exposures are often conducted in areas where
specimens are subjected to salt air (ashore) or industrial pollutants.
3.2.2The relative durability of materials in natural exposures can be very different depending on the location of the
exposure becau of differences in ultraviolet (UV) radiation, time of wetness, temperature, pollutants, and other factors. Therefore, it cannot be assumed that results from exposure in a single location will be uful for determining relative durability in a different location. Exposures in veral locations with different climates which reprent a broad range of anticipated rvice conditions are recommended.
台球的英文3.2.3Becau of year-to-year climatological variations, results from a single exposure test cannot be ud to
尤利乌斯二世predict the absolute rate at which a material degrades. Several years of repeat exposures are needed to get an “average” test result for a given location.
3.2.4Solar ultraviolet radiation varies considerably as a function of time of year. This can cau large differences
in the apparent rate of degradation in many polymers. Comparing results for material expod for short periods (less than one year) is not recommended unless materials are expod at the same time in the same location.
4.Location
4.1The rack and/or black boxes shall be placed in an area free from objects likely to shade the test specimens
during exposure. The area beneath and in the immediate vicinity of the test fixtures should be characterized by low reflectance and be typical of the ground cover in that climatological area. The lowest ction of the racks or black boxes shall be at a sufficient height above ground to avoid contact with vegetation and to prevent damage during area maintenance. A minimum height of 46 cm (18 in) above the ground is recommended or at a sufficient height to avoid contact with vegetation and to prevent damage that might occur during area maintenance, whichever is greater.
5.Construction
闻字组词5.1Panel Exposure Racks – Procedure A (Coating Systems)
5.1.1The exposure racks and hardware ud in Procedure A shall be constructed of anodized aluminum or an
approved equivalent. The racks shall be designed for unbacked exposure.
NOTE—Clear anodized aluminum alloy No. 6061T6 and 6063T6 have been found suitable for construction of racks and frames for u in all geographic locations.
眼神怎么形容5.1.2When required, the racks shall be fitted with a 65 mm (2.5 in) shield to provide an unexpod area on the test
piece. A typical panel rack and fitted shield for exposing coating systems is shown in Figure 1.
5.1.3When required, expanded metal backing shall be 0.03 cm (0.012 in) thick, flattened mesh 5005 H34
aluminum expanded metal, with an opening size of 0.270 x 0.690 cm (0.106 in x 0.272 in).
5.1.4For backed exposures, u exterior grade plywood to form a solid surface to which the specimens are
directly attached. A minimum of 13 mm (1/2 in) thick exterior grade plywood has been found satisfactory for u in arid environments. A maximum of 19 mm (3/4 in) thick exterior grade plywood has been found satisfactory for u in sub-tropical environments. Medium-density overlay (MDO) or high-density overlay (HDO) are satisfactory substrates and require less frequent replacement than plywood with no overlay. The edges of the plywood should be aled to prevent delamination. Replace the plywood when there is any evidence of delamination or fiber paration.
FIGURE 1—TYPICAL PANEL RACK AND FITTING SHIELD
5.2Black Boxes – Procedure B (Coating Systems Only)
5.2.1Black boxes ud in Procedure B shall be constructed of corrosion-resistant metal. Exterior surfaces shall
be coated with a high-temperature, flat black paint. The interior of boxes constructed of materials with minimal reflectance properties shall remain uncoated.
NOTE—No. 3003 aluminum sheet has been found suitable for black boxes for u in all geographic locations. Krylon High Temperature, flat black bar-b-que paint has been found suitable for
painting the outside of the boxes.
5.2.2The black box shall have a minimum of 4 weep holes for drainage.
5.2.3There are two sizes of black boxes currently in u as illustrated in Figures 2A, 2B, and 3. The dimension of
the box ud must be included in the exposure report.
FIGURE 2A—SMALL BLACK BOX
