非谓语动词
熟读深思：
杨莹指出下列句中不定式所充当的句子成分，并注意常用的不定式有哪几种形式。
A.the subject(S)
B. the predicative (P)大姨妈一般几天
C. the object (O)
D. the object complement (Oc)
E. the attributive (A)
从的成语
F. the adverbial (Ad)
1.He emed to be sleeping. 他好像在睡觉。
2.There are all kinds of difficulties to be overcome. 有各种各样的困难要克服。
故乡情怀
3.I’d like to make a suggestion. 我想提一个建议。
4.It is of great benefit for all of us to do morning exercis every day. 每天做早操对我们大家都有益。
5.He feels it a duty to help the disabled in the community. 他感到有义务帮助社会中的残疾人。
6.I want this letter to be opened now! 我想现在就将信拆开。
7.Mary often goes back to her hometown to visit her grandparents. 玛丽常常回家乡看望他的祖父祖母。
8.I often hear her sing in English. (比较：She is often heard to sing in English.)我经常听到她用英语唱歌。
归纳总结：
1.动词不定式属于非谓语动词，在句子中可以充当除______________ 外的其他各个句子成分。
2.动词不定式通常有以下几种形式（以do为例）：
主动式被动式
一般式to do (1) ____________________
完成式(2）_________________ to have been done
进行式(3) __________________
3.在should like, would like, expect, want, refu, decide, pretend, promi, decide, offer 等后不能用动名词作宾语，只能用不定式作宾语。
4.在make, let, have 等使役动词或者hear, e, watch 等感官动词后作宾补的不定式常省略______________；但在这些词的被动式后作主补时，要加上_____________。（如例8）
5.如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般就用被动语态形式。但在easy, difficult等少数形容词的不定式，习惯上用主动形式表示被动意义。
6.不定式做定语时的几种用法：
（1）表示将来。
It’s hoped that the 16th Asian Games to be held in Guangzhou will be a great success.
（2）序数词或最高级等后常用不定式作定语。
She was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize.
Mary is the best person to do the job.
（3）常用来修饰chance, idea, ability, way, reason, time, fact, key, ambition等抽象名词。
Last year I had a good chance to go abroad for further study.
（4）动词不定式做主语和宾语时通常放在句子的后面，用it作形式主语或形式宾语。（如
例4和例5）
灵活运用：
一、单句填空用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.Energy drinks are not allowed ____________ (make) in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.
2.My parents have always made me ____________ (feel) good about mylf, even when I was twelve.
3.With a lot of difficult problems ______________ (ttle), the newly-elected president is having
a hard time.
4._____________ (complete) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.
5.---The last one _____________ (arrive) pays the meal.
---Agree!
6.The parents hurried to the whole street ____________ (look) for the lost child.
7.We find it impossible for work ______________ (finish) ahead of time.
8.He is said to ______________ (be) abroad many times.雪无
9.He pretended _______________ (read) when the parents came into his bedroom.
10.I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ____________ (breathe).
11.I hurried to the station only _____________ (tell) that the train had left five minutes before.
12.To love and ______________ (love) is the one true happiness in life.
二、写作运用
根据所给提示写一篇短文，描述迈克为了梦想而努力学好英语的决心和做法。
梦想出国学习
决心排除万难，学好英语
做法掌握语法规则，记单词
珍惜每个学习英语的机会
相信自己是最好的，永不放弃
【写作要求】
（1）只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。
（2）尽可能多使用动词不定式。
动词的-ing形式
熟读深思：
朗读以下各句，注意划线部分的不同形式，并思考：
△动词-ing有哪几种构成形式？
△动词-ing在句中可作哪些句子成分？
△动词-ing形式还像谓语动词一样可以带宾语或状语吗？
1.Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。
2.The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑。
3.I suggest doing it in a different way. 我建议用另一种方法做这件事。
4.The TV t needs repairing. 这台电视机需要修理。
5.I heard of his having been chon to be the coach of the team. 我听说他被选为球队的教练。
6.The question being discusd is very important. 正在讨论的问题很重要。
7.They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 他们有说有笑地走出教室。
8.Having been shown around the lab, we were taken to e the school library. 在被带去看了实验室之后，我们又被带去参观校图书馆。
9.I felt my heart beating violently. 我觉得我的心在猛烈地跳动。
10.His not coming made everyone prent very disappointed. 他没来，使在场的每个人都很失望。
11.Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。
归纳总结：
动词的-ing形式有以下特征：
1.具有动词的特征，有时态和语态的变化，并可带状语、宾语等，当分词与其逻辑主语有动宾关系时，
用______________ 语态。
2.具有一般式（doing）和完成式（having done）之分，一般说来，一般式的动词与谓语动词______________ 发生，完成式表示其动作发生在谓语之______________.还有一般被动式（being done）和完成被动式（having been done）之别。
3.动词的-ing形式具有动词的特征，同时又具有名词、____________和___________ 的特征，因此，它可以在句中作主语、__________、___________、____________、_________、____________、__________和状语。
4.否定形式：not+动词的-ing形式。
5.在suggest, keep, allow, finish, enjoy, mind, practice, avoid, admit, advi, consider, imagine, appreciate, escape等后不能用不定式作宾语；在forget, remember, regret, mean, try等动词后既可接动名词，也可接不定式，但意义差别较大。如：
I forgot eing her. 我忘记见过她了。（以前见过）
I forgot to post the letter. 我忘记寄信了。(信没寄）
6.在表示“需要”的need, want和require等后用-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，也可用不定式的被动式。
灵活运用：
一、单句填空用所给的动词的正确形式填空。
1.__________ (walk) is a good form of exerci for both young and old.
2.I can’t stand ____________ (work) with Jane in the same office. She just refus _____________ (stop) talking while she works.
3.As a result of the rous flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need ____________ (repair).如何叠纸船
4.--Robert is indeed a wi man.
--Oh, yes. How often I have regretted ___________ (not take) his advice!
5.At the beginning of class, the noi of desks ____________ (open and clo) could be heard outside the classroom.
6.Isn’t it time you got down to ___________ (mark) the papers?
7.Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ___________ (t) up some schools for poor
children.
8.Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time ____________ (pass) the exam.
9.I believe that’s the best way to prevent such a thing from _______________ (happen) again.
10.It was so cold that they kept the fire _____________ (burn) all night.
11.--Come on, plea give me some ideas about the project.
--Sorry. With so much work _____________ (fill) my mind, I almost break down.
12.____________ (read) aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.
13.I can’t imagine the boy _______________ (speak) so rudely to you.
14.After ______________ (hear) the funny story, all of us couldn’t help ___________ (laugh)ear to ear.
15.There is no point ______________ (make) the simple experiments once again.
16._____________ (throw)their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.
17.___________ (fail) to reach them on the phone, we nt an email instead.
18._____________ (not, realize)that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.
二、句型转换改写以下各句，使其句意相同。
1.Walking in the street, I saw him.
___________ walking in the street, I saw him.
2.Working hard, you will succeed.
(1)___________________________, you will succeed.
(2)_______________________________, and you will succeed.
3.Being ill, she stayed at home.
(1)_______________________, she stay at home.
(2)She stay at home _________________ ill.
(3)She stay at home _________________ her illness.
(4)She stayed _____________ her ______________ stay at home.
4.Having failed many times, he didn’t lo heart.
(1)______________ failed many times, he didn’t lo heart.
(2)__________________ by failure many times, he didn’t lo heart.
5.His rich parents died, leaving him a lot of money.
His rich parents died ___________ him a lot of money.
6.He is standing there, singing.
He is standing there __________ singing.
三、翻译填空根据汉语意思完成英语句子。
1.他冲进正在燃烧着的房子。
He rushed into __________________________.
简历个人评价2.站在那儿的那个女孩是我的同学。
___________________ is a classmate of mine.
3.她们站在那儿等公共汽车。
They stood there, _____________________________.
4.四个人走了进来，好奇地向四周张望。
Four people entered, ___________________________ in a curious way.
5.他手里握着拐杖迈着僵硬的步伐四处走动。
He walked around stiffly _____________________________________.
动词的-ed形式
熟读深思：
熟读下列各句，体会动词-ed形式的用法。
1.Hearing the news, he looked disappointed.听到这个消息，他看起来很失望。
2.The boss felt satisfied with her performance.老板对她的表现很满意。
3.All the broken desks(=All the desks that were broken) have been repaired.所有打坏了的桌子都已修好了。
4.We have read many novels written (=which were written) by this author. 我们已读了这个作者的很多部小说。
5.Confud (+As he was confud) by the problem, he decided to turn to his teacher for help.对这个问题感到困惑，他决定向老师求助。
6.Seen (=When it is en)from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest.从顶上看，体育场好像一个鸟巢。
7.I heard the song sung in English.我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。
8.Peter got his bad tooth pulled out in the hospital.皮特在医院把坏牙拔了。
归纳总结：
1.过去分词一般表示被动或完成，在句中可作表语、定语、状语、补语等。
2.所谓表示被动，就是过去分词与其逻辑主语有被动关系，判断逻辑主语的方法与其他非谓语动词的逻辑主语相同，请看下表：
充当句子成分表语状语定语宾补逻辑主语句子的主语所修饰的词句子的宾语
3.单个的过去分词作定语一般放在所修饰的名词的前面，过去分词短语作定语，则要放在所修饰的名词的后面，过去分词（短语）作定语相当于一个定语从句。
4.表示情感的动词，其过去分词和现在分词均可作定语或表语（相当于形容词），过去分词表示“......感到的（人或人的音容笑貌）”，现在分词表示“令人......的（事物）”。如：surprid 感到惊讶的，surprising令人惊讶的。
5.作状语是，可表时间、原因、让步、结果、方式、条件、伴随等，一般可改为一个状语从句；表示伴随是，一般可改为并列谓语。
灵活运用：
一、单句填空用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Plea remain ________________ (at); the winner of the prize will be announced soon.
2.The managers discusd the plan that they would like to e ____________ (carry) out the next year.
3.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English______________ (speak) as much as we can.
4.John received an invitation t dinner and with his work _______________ (finish), he gladly accepted it.
5.---Did Peter fix the computer himlf?
---He had it ____________ (fix), becau he doesn’t know much about computers.
6.Helen had to shout to make herlf _______________ (hear) above the sound of the music.
血府逐瘀胶囊的功效与作用7.The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons______________ (finish)fir the
