Ayicuturai Biotechnology 2019, 8(4) : 35 - 38, 95Gene Technology
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Cherry Tomato Co — Collec tion BaS on Genotypic Values
Zip LIU , Weixia LIU , Yu NIU , Yan YANG *
*Received : March 4 , 2019 Accepted ： May 23 , 2019
Supported by Hainan Provincial Science and Techno/go Project (ZDYF2018035).
Zpi LI (1982 - ) , male , associate rearcher , PhD , devoted to rearch a bout veoetab/ mo/culc bio/go and genetic breeding.
* Coo'esponding autOcr. E-mail : .
瘦腿吧Tropical Cops Genetic Resources Institute , Chine Academy of Topict Agicutural Sciences , Danzhou 571737, China
Abstract
Taking 65 chery tomato core germplasms c expeWmenti materials , t he genetic diversity of s
even —onomic traits were analyzed. The correlation be tween any two of the ven ayronomic traits xd the aene/c relationships of the gemplcms were analyzed bad on genotypic values. The aene/c diversity indices of the ven ayronomic traits were 4. 15,4. 13, 4. 16, 4. 13, 4.13, 4. 13 xd 4. 01 , respectively , showing that the chery tomato core col/ction had abundant ge netic divewity. The cowelatin analysis between traits bad on genotype eTect values showed that WC length was siynificxtly cowelated with UX width with the cowelatin coeTicient of 0. 56. The fruit widtO was signGicantly cowelated with fruit length with the cowelatin coeTicient of 0. 52. The flesh thickness was siynGi- cantly cowelated with fruit length xd fruit width with the correlation coeTicients of 0.49 and 0. 39, respectively. The singfe fmit weight was signiCcanOy cowelated with fruit length , fruit width and tesh thickness with the correlation coeTicients of 0.44, 0. 61 and 0.62, respectively. When the genetic distxces between core gemplcmo of chery tomato were calculated bad on th - phenotypic values , 65 core germplasms of chery tomato were divited into three groups with the rescaled distance of 10. When the genetic distances beieen core germplasmo of chery tomato were calculated bced on the genotypic values , th - 65 core germplasmo of chery tomato were divided into four groups with the rescaled dGtance of 10. Compcing the 2 clustering results , it could tnd tOat genotypic value-bad clusteing analysis could better cla
Wr the genTie relationship between core germplasmo. This study could po/de a theoretical basis for the eTecOve utilization of chery toma- tocoeegeempaasms.
Key wo —s Chery tomato ； Genetic diversity ； PhenoWpic value ； Genotypic value ； Correlation ； Clustering analysis
Tomato (Solanum lcopersicum) , is an annuel os perennirf herb of SoUnaceae. It originated in South Amercr and is rich in vitamins and minerals. It is an impoiant veyetab/ crop widely cultivated worldwida&1]. Chery tomato ( Lycopersicoo esculentum
vxs. ccaspoprle) is tha ancestrxf specias of tomato , belonging to fmit-typa veyetab/O 2'. Dur to Cs fruit color , high nutOtionxf vaf- ua and uniqua tavos, it is favored by consumers and hrs x plant ing arex in Chine constantly expanded.
Germplasm resouors are tha basis of genetic breeding. Gr- netic diversity refers to genetic vawation among dEferent germ
plasms ,and diverso genetic resouors are tha basis for breed im provement &3 _4] . During tha domestication process , tha genetic background of chery tomato hrs becoma increasingly
natow dur to human long-term high-pressure lection&5_6'. Studying tha yr- netic diversity of tomato yemplasm resouors can help to under
stand tha genetic and variation conditions of various yemplasms , and grasp tha resouors of tha specias xs x whola , thereby provi ding impoiant information for breeders , which providrs x basis for
studying tha protection of tomato vawetirs and tha lection of pxr- ents and fXr utilizing existing germplasm resources&7'.
Momho/gical diversity evaluation G an important step in tha identiCcation of yemplasm resouors , and plays x key ylr in
evaluating tha adaptability of germplasm resouors and tha valur of breediny&8'. In recent years , studios on tomato germplasm o- sourcas evaluation and genetic diversity analysis have focud on
simpla statistics and clustewny analysis of bio/gicrf traits of yem plasm resources&9_15]. Tha phenotypic characteristics are tha o-
suft of tha combination of environmentrl factors and genetic fac- Wrs , and tha phenotypic date are susceptibla to environmentrl and
cultivation factors , so studying tha genetic diversity depending on momhology hrs ceiain limitations&16'. In this study , correlation analysis and clustering analysis were catied out bad on predic ted genotypic valurs of traits , with tha attempt to claWm tha Wch-
ness of phenotypic variation of chery tomato core yemplasms and tha genetic relationships among dEferent yemplasms. ThG study
could povida reference and basis for overcoming tha bOndnvs of parental lection in breeding work and yuidiny tha utilization of
heterosis in tomato yemplasm rearch and breeding.
Materials and Methods
Materials and genotypio value prediction
Sixty five chery tomato core collections were planted in tha
ordvr of telk ranks , and tha control variety were inirsperd xt eeguaaeinteeeaas.Theconteoaeaeiet wasud to cont eoathe diGeynces in dEferent positions in tha beld. And tha experiment wxs carried out in two replicates. According to tha Descriptors and Date Standard for Solanum l l y copersau8v7 , ven agronomic
traits such xs lent length , Urf width , brst intooscence node ,
fruit length , fruit width , tesh thickness and singla fmit weight were investigated. Tha statistical analysis method of tha mixed On- err model propod by Zhu&18' wxs ud for OatiEirl analysis , and theunbiad peediction method wasapp ied topeedictthegen-
otype eTect valur.
Geneencdnversney andcorrelaenonanalysns
Tha minimum , mximum , mean, ranga , coefficient of varix-
tion , standard deviation and genetic diversity index of tha ven ay-
36Agfculturai Biotechnology2019
eonomocteaotsweeestatostocayanayeed usongSAS9.0soetwaee. Clustering analysis
Theco e atoon coe e ocoentsbetween theteaotsweeecacu ated bad on thegenotypee e e ctea%uesoetheeen ageonomocteaots using SPSS16.0software,and the clustering figure of65cherry tomatocoeegeempaasmswasconsteucted.Thegenetocdostances between sampaesweeecaacuaated usongthesquaeed eucaodean dos-tance,and thecausteeonganaaysoswaspeeoemed bad on the waedtsmethod.
R csp U s and AnalySs
Gehc diversity analysis of agronomis traits in cherry tomato Theeangeso&aea&wodth,euotaength,euotwodth,aesh thockne s and songaeeuotweoghtweeeaegeeateethan theoemeans,especoa a ytheeangeo&songae euotweoght,whoch wasaamost2.5 tomeso&themean,ondocatongthatthephenotypoceaaueso&theag-eonomocteaotso&theche e y tomatocoeeco a ectoonsweeemoeedos-peed.Thecoeocoento&eaeoatoon o&songae euotweoghtwasthe largest(0.58)；the coeWicient of vacation of fruit length was the cond(0.32)；and the coefficient of variation of Suit width was 0.31,eankongthoed.Fuetheemoee,thephenotypoceaaueso&songae euotweoght,euotaength and euot
wodth o&theche e y tomatocoee geempaasmsweeehoghaydospeed,and thegenetocdoeeences amonggeempaasmsweeeaaege.Thedoeeesotyondoceso&theeen ageonomocteaotsweee4.15,4.13, 4.16, 4.13, 4.13, 4.13and 4.01,eespectoeeay,a a eiceedong4.0.Theeesuatsondocated that theche e y tomatocoeegeempaasmshad abundantgenetocdoeeeso-ty(Tabae1).
Table1The genetic variation of agronomic traits in cherry tomato core collection
Teaot
L(at
length#cm
L(at
width#cm
Foestontaoe(sc(nc(
nod(想加盟服装店
Feuot
length#cm
Feuot
width#cm
Flesh
thickness#c m贬义
Songa
fmit weight#g
Monomum16.4010.70 5.00 1.50 1.100.10 1.00 Maiomum45.6037.3012.00 6.70 5.620.7248.00 M(an31.9024.318.38 3.52 2.990.4019.06 Rang(29.2026.607.00 5.20 4.520.6247.00 Standaed D(eoatoon7.08 6.86 1.62 1.120.930.1210.96 Co(tocontoteaeoatoon0.220.280.190.320.310.290.58 Doe(esotyond(i 4.15 4.13 4.16 4.13 4.13 4.13 4.01
Correlation analysis of agronomis traits of cherry tomato Theteaot-bad co e aatoon anaaysoscan achoeeetheeecto& ondoeectayaectonganotheeteaotbyaectongoneteaot,theeeby geeatayompeoeongtheaectoon eocoency.Thegenotypeeecteaa-ueso&theeen ageonomocteaotso&the65che e y tomatocoeecoa-aectoonsweeepeedocted bytheadeusted unboad peedoctoon meth-od.Theeesuatso&theco e aatoon anaaysosbetween teaotsbad on genotypeeecteaaueeeeaaed asTabae2,theaea&aength wassog-noocantayco e aated woth aea&wodth,woth aco e aatoon coeocoent o&0.56.Theeuotwodth and euotaength weeesognoocantayco e aa-ted woth theco e aatoon coeocoento&0.52.The aesh thockne s wassognoocantayco e aated woth euotaength and euotwodth woth theco e aatoon coeocoentso&0.49and0.39,eespectoeeay.The songae euotweoghtwassognoocantayco e aated woth euotaength, euotwodth and aesh thockne s,woth theco e aatoon coeocoentso& 0.44,0.61and0.62,eespectoeeay.
Table2The orrelahon analysis of cherry tomato agronomic traits baS on gerotypic values
eao Leataeng4h Leatwod4h Foes4ontaoeescence
node
Feuoaeng4h Feuotwodth Flesh thickness
Songaeteuot
weoght
aeataeng4h1
Leatwod4h0.56 (1)
Foes4ontaoeescencenode0.05-0.061
Feuoaeng4h0.130.230.031
Feuowod4h0.110.120.060.52!!1
Faesh4hocknes0.090.010.050.49*!0.39**1 Songaeteuoweogh40.030.080.110.44*!0.61**0.62**1 **correlation of/hts is sivnificant at the0.01level.
Clustering analysis of cheey tomato core germplasms Clustering analysis of cheey tomato core germplasms bad on phenotypis value The squared euclidean distance method wasappaod tocaac
uaatth(g(n(tocdostanc(sb(tw((n th(coe(ma-teoaasotch(e y tomatobas(d on th(ph(notypoceaau(sotth(s(e(n ageonomocteaots.Amongth(65coe(mateoaaststd,th(g(n(toc dostanc(sb(tw((n do t e(ntg(empaasmaeod ge(atay,ondocatong thatth(g(n(toceaeoatoon otth(s(coe mateoaaswassognotocant.Th(causteonganaaysoswasca e od outaccoedongtoth(waedts m(thod.Ltcan b(tound teom Fog.1thatwh(n th(escaad dos-tanc(was10,th(65ch(e y tomatocoe(g(empaasmsw(e(doeod(d ontothe(geoups.Th(toestgeoup oncaud(d twosubgeoups,ot whoch th(toestsubgeoup oncaud(d10g(empaasmssuch asCT22, CT66,CT143,CT106,CT5,CT170,CT72,CT15,CT61and CT59,and th(s(cond subgeoup aasooncaud(d10g(empaasms, if.,CT90,CT100,CT82,CT192,CT87,CT121,CT68,
Zpi LI et al Genetic Diversity Analysis of Chvy Tomato Core Collection Bad on Genotypic Values 37
CT152, CT57 and CT120. The cond group included two sub groups ,of which the first subgroup included 13 germplasms ,
namely CT144, CT147, CT30, CT79, CT99, CT48, CT127, CT52, CT134, CT209, CT213, CT175 and CT78, and the cond subgroup included 15 germplasms , namely CT27, CT115, CT182,
CT185, CT32, CT158, CT202, CT91, CT167, CT212, CT23,
平行文CT193, CT21, CT198 and CT19. The third group included two subgroups , of which the fGst subgroup included four germplasms ,
namely CT12, CT168, CT105 and CT123, and the cond sub group included 13 germplasms , namely CT116, CT211, CT92,
CT96, CT151, CT118, CT195, CT94, CT112, CT45, CT65, CT33 and CT201.
CT1OO CT82 CT192CT87CT121
Thecluernng analysnsdnagram ofcherry eomaeo corecolO lecenonbadonphenoeypevalue
CT143CT106 CT5CT170
CT120CT144CT147
CT127
CT20962CT21365CT17553CT7822CT27 8CT11536
CT18254
CT18555CT3210CT15849CT20261CT9127CT16750CT21264CT23 7CT19357CT215CT19859CT19 4CT122CT16851CT10533CT12341CT11637CT21163CT9228CT96 30CT15147CT11838CT19558CT9429CT11235CT4512CT6518CT3311CT201
60
Th'clustrnng analysnsdnagram ofch'rry tomato cor'colO lctnonbas'dong'notyp'valu'
CT17052CT6619CT10634CT5916CT226CT10032CT7221CT8725CT14344CT16750CT9127CT11637CT19558CT3311CT11838CT9026CT12140CT21163CT12039CT51CT9228CT6117CT8224CT19256CT237CT20160CT194CT18254CT18555CT15849CT20261CT19357CT19859CT20962CT11536CT7822CT12742CT7923CT14746CT309CT15248CT5214CT4813CT5715CT4512CT21365CT3210CT6820CT278CT14445CT10533CT15147CT9429CT12341CT9630CT11235CT16851CT6518CT9931CT122CT215CT17553CT13443CT21264
Clustering analysis of cherry tomato core collection bad on genotype value The squared euclidean distance method was ap
plied to calculate the genetic distances between the core materials
of chvy tomato bad on the predicted genotypic values of the
ven agronomic traits. The clustering analysis was carried out by
the wardP method. It can be found from Fig. 2 that at the rescaled
distance of 10, the 65 chvy tomato core germplasms were divided into four groups. The first group included two subgroups , of which
38Agfcultural Biotechnology2019
the first subgroup included nine germplasms,namely CT15, CT170,CT66,CT106,CT59,CT22,CT100,CT72and CT87, and thecond subgeoup onc%uded theeegeemp asms,whoch weee
CT143,CT167and CT91.Thecond geoup onc%uded twosub-geoups,otwhoch thetoestsubgeoup onc%uded eoghtgeemp asms, nameyCT116,CT195,CT33,CT110,CT90,CT121,CT211and CT120,and the cond subgeoup onc%uded eoghtgeemp asms, nameyCT5,CT92,CT61,CT82,CT192,CT23,CT201and CT19.Thethoed geoup asoonc%uded twosubgeoups,otwhoch the toestsubgeoup compeod eoght geemp asms,namey CT182, CT185,CT158,CT202,CT193,CT198,CT209and CT115,and thecond subgeoup onc%uded15geemp asms,whoch weeeCT78, CT127,CT79,CT147,CT30,CT152,CT52,CT48,CT57, CT45,CT213,CT32,CT68,CT27and CT144.Thetoueth geoup consosted ottwosubgeoups,otwhoch th
etoestsubgeoup compeod toee geemp asms,namey CT105,CT151,CT94,CT123and CT96,and thecond subgeoup onc%uded CT112,CT168,CT65, CT99,CT12,CT21,CT175,CT134and CT212.
Compaeed thec%usteeongeesu tsbad on phenotypocea%ues and thec%usteeongeesu tsbad on genotypocea%ues,otwastound thatthec%usteeonganaysosbad on thegenotypocea%uescan caeo-tythegenetoceeatoonshopsbetween coeegeemp asmswe.Foeei-amp e,CT22,CT66,CT106,CT170,CT72,CT15and CT59 weeec%usteeed ontoonegeoup bad on thephenotypocea%ues, whoeCT66,CT106,CT170,CT15and CT59,CT22and CT72 weeec%usteeed ontodo t eeentsubgeoupswhen bad on genotypoc ea%ues.Becauphenotypocea%uesaeesusceptob etoeneoeonmen-ta%tactoes,theeeweeeceetaon e e o eson c%usteeonganaysosbad on phenotypocea%ues.Foeeiamp e,CT143and CT167beonged to do t eeentgeoupswhen peetoemongc%usteeonganaysosbad on phe-notypoc ea%ues,whoe bad on genotypoc ea%ues,CT143and CT167weeecoyeeated and beonged tothesamegeoup.
Discussion
Genetocdoeeesotyand genetoceeatoonshop anaysosaeeompoe-tantcontentson tomatogenetocbeee
dongeeaech,whoch aeecon-ducoeetothedoeosoon otheteeotocgeoupsand can guodetheec-tion of parents in breeding pmcticW19'.Phenotypic diversity is a compeehensoeemanotestatoon otgenetocdoeeesotyand eneoeonmentaa doeeesoty.Thestudyotphenotypocteaotdoeeesotycan heap toundee-stand the diversity of rearch objects as a whole&20"21'.In this 3tudy,thegenetocdoeee3otyotthe3eeen ageonomocteaototthe65 che e y tomatocoeegeempaa3m3wa3anaayeed,and thedoeeeotyon-doce3otthe3eeen ageonomocteaota a eiceeded4.0.The3eee3uat 3howed thatthedo t eeentteaototche e y tomatogeempaa3m33howed 3ognotocantdoeeeoty,and the3eabundantgenetocee3ouece3couad peoeodeabundantee3ouece3toetheconeentoonaabeeedongotche e y tomato,whoch oconducoeetothebeeedongotneweaeoetoe3.
Co e aatoon anaay3o can beappaoed toanaayeetheeeaatoon-ships between gonomic Wait/22'.Important traits can be im-peoeed syncheonousaywoth condaeyteaotsompeoeement,theeeby speedongup thebeeedongpeoce s.Becauteaotphenotypesaeeat-tected bygenotypes,eneoeonmentaacondotoonsand genotype-eneo-mnment interaction&23',certain wrar existed when evaluating the co/eaatoon between taotsbad on thephenotypoceaaueottaots. In order to accurately evaluate the cowelation between tr
aits,thio studyud theadeusted unboad peedoctoon method topeedoctthe genotypoceaauesottheeen ageonomocteaotsotthe65che e y to-mato co ee ge empaasms.The co e aatoon anaaysoswasconducted bad on thegenotypee t ecteaauesotteaots,theeesuatsshowed thattheaeataength waiteemeaysognotocantayco e aated woth aeat width；the fruit width and fruit length were extremely significantly cowelated；and the single fruit weight was in extremely signiPcant co e aatoon woth teuotaength,teuotwodth and taesh thockne s. Therefore,in the lection process of chewy tomato vaf e hes, sceeenongthebeeedongmateeoaaswoth modeeateteuotaength,teuot wodth and taesh thockne s can heap toonceeasongaeteuotweoght theand achoeeethegoaaotonceeasongyoead.
In the past,tomato genetic relationship analysis relied mainly on phenotypocdata,whoch wassusceptobaetogenedomonante t ects and environmental infuenceT24'.In this study,the results of clus-te eong ana ay3o ba3ed on ageonomocteaotphenotype3and genotype e t ecteaaue3weeecompaeed.Thegenetoceeaatoon3hop3between coeegeempaa3m3can bemoeecaeaeaydetoned bythecau3teeonga-naay3o ba3ed on genotypoceaaue3,bywhoch thecoeemateeoaa woth taeeeaatoon3hop3can be3eaected topeepaeehybeod combona-toon3toethe3eaectoon otnewche e y tomatoeaeoetoe3woth eice a ent teaotand3ognotocantheteeo3
o,3oa3toompeoeethebeeedonge t o-coencyand acceaeeatethebeeedongpeoce3.
Woth thedeeeaopmentotmodeen moaecuaaebootechnoaogy, moaecuaaemaekeetechnoaogyha3becomethemaon mean3otpaant yenehc diversity rearch.In order to bwter study the genetic di-eeesotyottomatogeempaasm eesoue"es,otosne"e s aeyto"ombone eaeoousmethods,peoeodongasteongtheoeetoaabasostoetomato beeedong.
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