Unit 7 Animal intelligence
I. Uful expressions (20 points)
做一片美的叶子Directions: Plea find out the English equivalence in Text A and write down the correct answers in the blank.
1.达成交易 ___________________
2.精明的还价者 ____________________
3.道德习惯 ____________________
row函数>白玉菇汤4.作出判断 _______________________
5.紧急救护 ______________________
领导小组办公室6.估量，判断 ___________________我爱小黑猫__
7.保持平衡_____________________
8.滑入 _______________________
9.凝视 _______________________
10.消灭，消除 __________培训项目____________
II. Reading comprehension (30 points)
Section A (10 points)
Directions: Plea lect one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not u any of the words in the bank more than once. 江米怎么吃
Behavior is the way that animals act. For example, how do they get food or take care of their young? How do they find a place to live in or ______(11) themlves from danger? Much behavior is innate; that is, animals are born with it. ______ (12), animals learn much other behavior. There are veral kinds of learned behavior.今天是母亲节吗
One simple _________ (13) of learned behavior is habituation. This happens when an animal learns to feel comfortable in a new ________ (14) and doesn’t pay attention to anymore. For example, young hors are often afraid of noisy streets. But after a while, they learn to pay no attention to the normal ___________ (15) and sounds of a city.
Another kind of learned behavior is conditioning. It is a way of learning by association—that is, by putting _______ (16) different ideas. In 1900, Ivan Pavlov, a Russian biologist, studied conditioning in dogs. Dogs innately salivate (produce liquid in the mouth) when they smell food. Pavlov ___________ (17) a bell every time he gave food to a dog. Soon the dog started to _______ (18) the sound of the bell with the smell of food. After some time, it salivated when it heard a bell alone, ______ (19) food.
Learning is important for all animals in a new ________ (20) . it allows an animals to be adaptable ---that is, able to change in a new situation.
A. without B. responded C. associate D. However E. rang
F. aside G. type H. environment I. anyway J. sights
K. together L. situation M. way N. protect O. defend
Section B (20 points)
Directions: There are 2 passages in this ction. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. You should decide on the best choice.
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are bad on the following passage.
People tend to be more impresd by evidence that ems to confirm some relationship. Thus many are convinced their dreams are prophetic (预言的) becau a few have come true; they fail to notice the many that have not. Consider also the belief that "the phone always rings when I'm in the shower." If it does ring while you are in the shower, the event will stand out and be remembered. If it doesn't ring, that nonevent probably won't even re
gister （留下印象）.
People want to e order, pattern and meaning in the world. Consider, for example, the common belief that things like personal misfortunes, plane crashes, and deaths "happen in threes." Such beliefs stem from the tendency of people to allow the third event to define the time period. If three plane crashes occur in a month, then the period of time that counts as their "happening together" is one month; if three crashes occur in a year, the period of time is stretched. Flexible end points reinforce such beliefs.
We also tend to believe what we want to believe. A majority of people think they are more intelligent, more fair-minded and more skilled behind the wheel of an automobile than the average person. Part of the reason we view ourlves so favorably is that we u criteria that work to our advantage. As economist Thomas Schelling explains, "Everybody ranks himlf high in qualities he values: careful drivers give weight to care, skilled drivers give weight to skill, and tho who are polite give weight to courtesy, " This way everyone ranks high on his own scale. Perhaps the most important mental habit we
can learn is to be cautious (谨慎的) in drawing conclusions. The "evidence " of everyday life is sometimes misleading.
21. In the first paragraph the author states that ____.
(A) dreams cannot be said to be prophetic even though a few have come true.
(B) dreams are prophetic becau some of them did come true.
(C) dreams may come true if clearly remembered.
(D) dreams and reality are cloly related.
22. By "things like ..." "happen in threes" (Para. 3, Line 2), the author indicates that people believe ____ .
(A) personal misfortunes tend to happen every now and then.
(B) personal misfortunes, plane crashes, and deaths usually happen together.
(C) misfortunes tend to occur according to certain patterns.
(D) misfortunes will never occur more than three times to a person in his lifetime.
23. Ten word "courtesy" (Para. 4, line 6) probably means ____.
(A) good manners. (B) Appropriate speech.
