天津医药2019年8月第47卷第8期脊柱肿瘤的评分系统及外科治疗现状与进展坡道定点停车技巧
陈长宝,张晓林,马信龙△
摘要:近年来脊柱肿瘤的发病率显著增高,随着肿瘤学、脊柱外科的治疗理念与技术的不断发展和变革,脊柱肿海南三亚
瘤的外科分期、评分系统及综合治疗决策框架得到了进一步完善,为规范化治疗提供了重要的临床价值。脊柱肿瘤对经典的放化疗不敏感,甚至是抵抗的,外科手术愈来愈成为目前主要的治疗手段。深入把握外科治疗的原则与切除边界,能显著改善患者的生活质量并延长寿命。但在制定手术方案时,需要进一步考量手术策略(全脊椎、矢状或椎体切除)、切除方式(整块或分块)以及手术入路(单纯后路或前后联合入路等)。未来的研究趋势应权衡全脊椎整块切除术的风险与收益,制定更为合理的手术指征,从而改善脊柱肿瘤患者的临床疗效并降低并发症。
关键词:脊椎肿瘤;外科分期;评分系统;外科治疗原则
中图分类号:R738.1文献标志码:A DOI :10.11958/20190032
Scoring system and current status and progress of surgical treatment of spinal tumors
分享英语怎么读CHEN Chang-bao,ZHANG Xiao-lin,MA Xin-long △Department of Spinal Surgery,Tianjin Hospital,Tianjin 300211,China
△Corresponding Author E-mail:
Abstract :The incidence of spinal tumors has significantly incread in recent years.With the continuous development
城市的变化and transformation of oncology and treatment concepts and techniques of spinal surgery,the surgical staging,scoring system and treatment decision framework of spinal tumors have been further improved,providing important clinical value for standardized treatment.Since spinal tumors are not nsitive or even resistant to classical radiotherapy and chemotherapy,surgery has become the main means of treatment at prent.We should deeply grasp the principles of surgical treatment and rection boundary,which can effectively improve the quality of life and prolong survival of patients with spinal tumors.However,in the development of surgical plans,we need to further consider the surgical strategy (total en bloc,sagittal or vertebral rection),rection methods (en bloc or piecemeal)and surgical approach (single posterior or anterior combined posterior approach).Future rearch trends should focus on how to weigh the risks and benefits of radical surgery such as total
en bloc spondylectomy,and develop more rigorous surgical indications to improve clinical efficacy and reduce complications in patients with spinal tumors.Key words:spinal neoplasms;surgical stage;scoring system;principles of surgical management 基金项目:天津市卫生行业高层次人才选拔工程的首批“青年医学新锐”项目
作者单位:天津市天津医院脊柱外科三病区(邮编300211)
佛图关作者简介:陈长宝(1980),男,博士,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱脊髓创伤、畸形、退行性变及肿瘤的基础与临床诊治研究
△通讯作者E-mail : 脊柱肿瘤从来源上可分为原发性和转移性肿
瘤。原发性脊柱肿瘤较罕见,所占比例不超过
5%[1];而转移性肿瘤约占95%以上,累及胸椎(70%)、
腰椎(20%)和颈椎(10%)[2]。绝大多数患者无症状狮子的英语
或症状较轻,但约14%的患者会出现因机械性不稳
定引起的难治性疼痛,或硬膜外脊髓压迫导致的脊
髓损害症状[3]。原发性脊柱肿瘤通常局限于单一部
在身边位(椎体或附件),可通过切除局部病灶、控制或避免局部复发及转移获得彻底治愈[1]。但在绝大多数脊柱转移瘤病例中,外科手术的目标不是治愈,而是姑息性治疗,以缓解疼痛,降低骨相关事件(skeletal related event ,SRE )和脊髓受压引起脊髓损害的风险[2]。随着肿瘤学、脊柱外科的治疗理念与技术的不断发展和变革,脊柱肿瘤的外科分期、评分系统及综合治疗决策框架得到进一步完善,本文就脊柱肿瘤的评分系统及外科治疗现状与进展作一综述。
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