Lesson13 Britannia Rues the Waves
I 、
哨兵之殇 1)Britain is sorry that she has lost her dominance on the high as、 Britain was proud of being the lord of the a for along time, but now she regrets that she no longer enjoys a naval supremacy、
2)Shipping is a major successful industry in Britain becau it makes over ￡l 000 million a year in foreign exchange earnings, which is of vital importance for the country、 The reasons for the success are that the British ship-owners have put in big investment and that there has been a conference fixing prices to avoid cut-throat competition、
3)The stiff foreign competition comes from two main directions: from the Russians and the Eastern bloc countries who are massively expanding their merchant navies and doing their best to step into the international shipping trade by verely undercutting Western shipping companies, and from the merchant fleets of the developing countries, who are stru
ggling to take over a big share of the trade between Europe and Africa, Asia and the Far East-routes over which Britain ud to have a total dominance、
4)A "conference" is in fact a cartel, who role is to fix prices for all the member nations and companies、 5)The oil-tanker fleets、
6)Becau freight liners carry all sorts of different cargoes, so if there is a slump in" one particular industry, they may depend on others and survive、
7)The Third World countries regard a merchant navy as a symbol of their national power and have expanded their fleets at an incredible rate、 Yes, they are、
8)They turn to high-technology investment、 Yes, they are for the time being、
天朗气清 9)On one hand, Russia wants to earn hard currencies, on the other, a deeper motive is that it desires to increa its sphere of influence in the world、
10)The major problems are the Soviet Union's massive expansion of its merchant nav
y and undercutting of Western shipping companies, and UNCTAD, which guarantees the developing countries a major slice of the shipping trade、 The problems also show that the capitalist world is divided rather than united as one、
Ⅱ、
1)cutting their way into the international shipping trade by charging much less freight rate than the Western shipping companies
2)who are determined to take the biggest share of the trade
3)Britain has important interests in the trade routes、
4) They make it more difficult to make a large amount of money when economic conditions are favorable、
5)But they make it easier to survive when economic conditions are unfavorable、
6)More and more oil tankers the world over lay idle、
7)Much of the fleet carries goods between foreign countries、
女人梦到自己被蛇咬 8)British companies are doing much business on the line between Japan and Australia、
9)Developing countries consider a merchant navy very important becau it is a sign of their economic power, so after they have t up a national airline, the next thing they would like to have is a merchant fleet、
10)Neither the growth in Russia's trade nor that in world trade would demand such a rapid development of Russia's cargo-liner fleet、
11)The ships would certainly make it possible for she Soviet Union to exert its influence on countries far away from its territory、
12)When the smaller shipping companies go bankrupt, a big part of the few old industries that have been doing well and earning huge profits will clo down、
Ⅲ、 See the translation of the text、
IV、
1)NATO--North Atlantic Treaty Organization 北大西洋公约组织(北约)
2)OAS—Organization of American States美洲国家组织
3)OAU—Organization of African Unity非洲统一组织(非统)
4)ASEAN—Association of Southeast Asian Nations东南亚国家联盟(东盟)
5)OPEC—Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries石油输出国组织
6)SALT—Strategic Arms Limitation Talks限制战略武器会谈
7)UNESCO—United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization联合国教科文组织
8)M.I.T.-Massachutts Institute of Technology麻省理工学院
9)BBC—British Broadcasting Corporation英国广播公司
10)V.I.P.-very important person重要人物
11)GMT—Greenwich mean time格林威治平均时
宙的成语 12)GNP—gross national product国民生产总值
13)KGB—Komite Gossudarstvennoi Bezopastnosti(Committee of State Security)国家安全委员会(克格勃)(苏联)
14)ICBM—inter—continental ballistic missile洲际弹道导弹
15)radar—radio detecting and ranging雷达
16)lar—light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation激光
V.
1)the a and shipping:merchant navy茼蒿怎么做好吃,merchant fleet, a routes,the high as,tonnage,ship—owners,shipping companies.merchant ships,shipping managers,saili
ng-ships.steam-ships,shipowners,shipping conference, shipbuilding boom.shipping industry,oil-tanker fleet, charter rates,tankers,bulk carriers,dry cargo,bulk—carrier fleet.shipping ctors,freight—liner rvices,liner— freight vesls,agreed routes,ports, shipment, liner ship,freight rate,cargo—liner fleet,a—lanes,shipping fleet重阳节的简介,shipping lines.
