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幼小衔接期是儿童身心成长的第一个重要转折期，儿童在该阶段的适应状况会直接影响儿童身心的健康发展和学习成绩、学习兴趣，从长远看也可能影响到儿童今后学习习惯和学习能力的养成，进而影响其今后的学业成就和发展方向。然而，由于幼儿园教育和小学教育之间存在很大的差异，使得幼小衔接期的儿童在小学入学初期很容易出现适应困难。
本研究从抗逆力的视角出发，以河南省某小学一年级适应困难新生Y为例，运用个案工作的价值理念和方法技巧进行介入，从案主自身和环境两方面入手，帮助案主Y发现自身的优势和潜能，增强解决问题的能力和自信心，协助她提高自身的情绪管理能力，改善其人际沟通与交往的能力，帮助其建立良好的亲子关系和师生关系，培养其应对环境变化和挑战的积极主动性，提高案主适应新环境的能力，建立良好的外部环境支持系统，全面提升适应困难儿童Y的抗逆力，促进其以更加积极、主动、乐观、自信的心态迎接新环境带来的各种挑战，从而促进案主Y更好地适应学校生活。
实践证明，运用个案工作的方法能够有效提升幼小衔接期适应困难儿童的适应能力和抗逆力。与传统从教育学角度的介入方法相比，个案工作具有其独特的优势，可以弥补学校入学适应教育的不足。个案工作是以个人和家庭为服务对象，开展的是一对一的帮助，能够根据案主个别化、差异化的需要，运用更有针对性的方法，从案主自身和环境系统两方面入手，服务过程更为系统深入，服务效果显著。平凡中的发现
在个案介入的过程中，运用社会工作的价值理念和实务技巧，比如：同理、接纳、保密、优势视角等，更容易走近案主的内心，与案主的沟通更为有效，介入过程更容易被案主接受，因此能够更好地帮助案主改变和成长。
研究发现，可以通过提高儿童自身的适应能力、挖掘儿童的优势潜能、优化家庭的教育方式、改善教师的教育方法、增进儿童的社会支持、引入专业社工服务等方法来全面系统地提升适应困难儿童的抗逆力，从而帮助该类儿童更快更好地适应小学生活。
红烧牛排骨的做法关键词：抗逆力视角；幼小衔接；适应困难；个案工作
Abstract
贴春联作文The transition period from Kindergarten to Primary Education is the first important turning period for children's mental and physical growth. Thus, the children’s adaptability in this pha will directly affect children’s physical and mental health development as well as their academic performances and interests. In the long run, it will probably influence the forming of children’s future learning habits and learning abilities, and then influence their future academic achievements and development direc
tion. However, the great difference between the kindergarten education and the primary school education will make it very easy for the children in the transition period from Kindergarten to Primary Education to have adaptive difficulties at the beginning period of the Primary School.
屁股英文From the perspective of resilience, this study takes Y, the first grade freshman of a primary school in Henan province, as an example, applies the value idea and method techniques of the ca work to intervene.It starts from two aspects of Y herlf and the environment, helps Y to find her strengths and potential, improves her problem-solving skills, lf-confidence, emotion management skills, interpersonal and communication skills. It aims to help Y build a good parent-child and teacher-student relationship, and cultivate her positive initiative to cope with environmental changes and challenges, thus,to improve her ability to adapt to a new environment, and comprehensively to improve Y’s resilience by establishing a good external environment support system to promote a more positive, active, optimistic, confident attitude to meet the challenges from the new environment, thereby making Y better adapt to school life.
星命>培训流程图Experience has proved that applying the method of ca work can effectively improve the adaptability and resilience of the children in adaptive difficulties during the transition period from Kindergarten to Primary Education.Compared with the traditional intervention method from the angle
初起of pedagogy, the ca work owns its unique advantages, which can make up for the lack of school entrance adaptation education. The ca work is to take individuals and families as the rvice objects and provide them one-to-one help, which can u more targeted methods to make the rvice cours become more systematic and in-depth and make the rvice effect become more significant according to the demands of the clients’ individualization and differentiation, starting from the two aspects---the clients themlves and the environmental system. In the cour of ca intervention, the value conception and the practical skills of social work are applied, such as empathy, acceptance, confidentiality,
Strength Perspective, etc, which is easier to get clor to the clients’ inner hearts, conduct more effective communication with the clients, and make the intervention process become easier for the clients to accept so as to better help the clients to change and grow.
The study found that we can comprehensively and systematic improve difficult children’s resilience by improving their adaptability, exploiting their potentials, optimizing familial educational methods, improving teachers ' educational methods, promoting children’s social support, introducing professio
nal social work rvices, which make difficult children adapt to primary school life faster and better.
Keywords: perspective of resilience, transition from kindergarten to primary school, adaptive difficulties, ca work
