同位语从句讲解与训练
一、同位语的概述
1. 同位语的定义：
一个名词或代词后面有时可跟一名词(或其它形式)，对它作进一步的修 饰,限定或说明，说明它是谁，是什么，当两个词或词组在一个句子中具有相同的语法地位而且描述相同的人或事物时，我们称它们为同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致,并常常紧挨 在一起。
2. 同位语的分类：
同位语分限制性和非限制性两种。限制性同位语和前面的词关系比较密切，之间不能停顿；非限制性同位语与前面的词关系比较疏散，常用逗号隔开。
例如：
③Mickey Mou first appeared in the cartoon Steamboat Willie.
米老鼠首次出现在卡通片《威利号汽船》中。Steamboat Willie就是cartoon的同位语，关系紧密。
④Walt Disney, an rich and successful businessman, created the famous cartoon character----Mickney Mou. 瓦尔特 迪士尼，一个富有而成功的商人，创造出了这个著名的卡通形象----米老鼠。
an rich and successful man 是主语Walt Disney的同位语，句子中有没有它，无所谓，不影响理解。而且“瓦尔特 迪士尼”是个“富有而成功的商人”，反过来，“一个富有而成功的商人”可不一定就是“瓦尔特 迪士尼”。
3. 同位语的形式：
(1)名词用作同位语时最多：
①This is Mr．Brown，our Spanish teacher． 这是我们的西班牙语老师布朗先生。
②“Leave it to me，”said Lao He，the man on night duty． 值夜班的人老何说：“这事交给我。”
③You girls may take tho ats over there． 你们姑娘们可以坐在那边的座位上。
④Then we three，Lao Yu，Xiao Li and mylf，began to make preparations． 然后我们三个人，老于，小李和我白己，开始做准备工作。
(2)有时也可用形容词、数词或代词作同位语：
①The middle-aged man is the newly elected village head，able，open and sincere． 那个中年人是新选的村长，能干，开朗而且诚恳。
②People，old and young，took to the streets，to watch the parade． 老老少少的人都来到街头观看游行。
③You two come and sit here． 你们两人到这里来坐。
④They are both in favor of the plan． 他们两人都赞成这个计划。
杏成语
（3)在某些名词后面还可用从句作同位语：
①I had no idea that you were here． 我不知道你也在这里。
②We expresd the hope that she would come and visit China again． 我们表示希望她能再次来访问中国。
羽毛的英文③Have you any proof that he is a thief? 你有没有证据说明他是小偷?
④No one can deny the fact that we have made tremendous progress in the past twenty years． 没人能否认过去二十年我们取得巨大进步这一事实。
⑤Their great driving force is the belief that they are doing right． 他们的巨大动力是他们相信自己的行为是正确的。 工业污染图片
⑥Soon came news that the enemy had surrendered． 很快传来了敌人投降的消息。
⑦Who spread the rumor that the Prime Minister had resigned? 谁散布谣言说首相辞职了?
4. 同位语在句子中的位置：
（1）一般紧跟在名词/代词后面。如：
We parents should be patient with kids.
They each bought a watermelon.
（2）代词做同位语一般位于行为动词前、be动词或助动词后。如:
they are both happy with the big hou。both位于be动词后面。
（3）同位语跟前面的名词或代词之间有时也会有插入语，如;月经喝咖啡
The children like animals, especially, the pandas.
They bought a lot of fruits, such as bananas, oranges and pears.
奔波的近义词二、同位语从句
1. 定义：
同位语从句,指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句，属于名词性从句的范畴，同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系（即
被解释说明的词=同位语）。
闰月一年多少天2. 同位语从句的先行词：
（1）answer, belief, conclusion, decision, discovery, doubt, explanation, fact, hope, idea, information, knowledge, law, message, news, opinion, order, possibility, problem, promi, proof, proposal, question, report, risk, rumor, story, suggestion, truth, theory, thought, wish, word等。如：
He nt us a message that he won’t come next week. 他送信来告诉我们说，下周他不来了。
毕业论文护理There is no doubt that he is fit for this job. 毫无疑问，它适合这一工作。
（2）advice, demand, decision, desire, idea, insistence, instruction, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish 等表示“命令、建议、要求”名词的同位语，须用虚拟语气。如：
He made clear his desire that he should work hard to go to college. 他已清楚的表明了他要努力学习考上大学这一愿望。
Soon came the order that all the people should obey the rules. 不久命令下来了，所有的人不得违犯制度。
3. 同位语从句的引导词：
①从属连词that/whether
②连接代词who/what/which等
③连接副词how/when/why
（1）由that引导
We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到消息说我们队赢了。
They were worried over the fact that you were sick. 他们为你生病发愁。
The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true. 明天放假的消息不实。
I’ve come to the conclusion that it was unwi to do that. 我得出结论这样做是不明智的。
The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen. 那笔钱不见了这一事实并不意味着是被偷了。
He referred to Copernicus’ statement that the earth moves round the sun. 他提到了哥白尼关于地球绕太阳转的说法。
【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。如：
They were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished. 他们面对废除这个税的要求。
They expresd the wish that she accept the award. 他们表示希望她接受这笔奖金。
There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗
应该离队。
明仕田园旅游攻略The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman. 采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。
The resolution that women be allowed to join the society was carried. 允许妇女参加这个协会的决议通过了。
I can understand their eagerness that you should be the main speaker. 我理解他们希望你作主要发言人的殷切心情。
【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。如：
He gabbed his suitca and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。
