三大从句
一、定语从句
定语从句，简言之，就是用来做定语的句子，即用于修饰名词或代词的一个具有完整主谓结构的句子。这个被修饰的名词或代词因为总是在定语从句的前面，所以我们称之为先行词。而引导定语从句的连词，叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。
One reason why it is hard to design and teach such cours is that they cut across the1966年属相 一出好戏观后感insistence by top American universities that liberal-arts education and professional education should be kept parate, taught in different schools.
（一）定语从句的先行词
先行词是定语从句所修饰的对象。只有正确找出先行词，才能明白定语从句所修饰的究竟是什么成分，才能正确理解句子前后各部分的逻辑关系，分清句子结构，从而正确理解句子。
1. 一个词（通常是名词，也可以是代词）
For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of the people has little to do with the initial influential.
2. 一个短语
During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itlf financially cure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities.
3. 一个从句
The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diver language could be.
4. 一个完整的句子
As can be en from the comparison of the figures, the principle involves the active participation of the patient in the modification of this condition.
They are invited to the state banquet, which was a great honor to them.
（二）引导定语从句的关系词
1. 关系代词
关系代词 | 先行词 | 关系代词在从句中所作的成分 |
that | 人或物 | 做主语、宾语或表语 |
which | 物 | 做主语、动词或介词的宾语 |
who | 人 | 做主语 |
whom | 人 | 做宾语 |
who | 人或物 | 做定语，相当于先行词所有格 |
as | 人或物或整句话 | 做主语 |
梦见盖房子 | | |
目标责任书
It is about YOU, and how you performed and what you accomplished in tho past jobs – especially tho accomplishments that are most relevant to the work you want to do next.
She had recently left a job and had helped herlf to copies of the company’s client data, which she intended to draw upon in starting her own business.
At the same time, the American Law Institute – a group of judges, lawyers and academics who recommendations carry substantial weight – issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones.
2. 关系副词
关系副词 | 先行词 | 关系副词在从句中所作成分 |
when | 表时间的名词 | when在从句中做时间状语， 相当于“介词+which” |
where | 地球上最小的国家 含地点意义的名词，除地点外，还有ca, situation, point等 | where在从句中做地点状语， 相当于“介词+which” |
why神气十足造句 | 表理由的名词 | why在从句中做原因状语， 相当于“for which” |
| | |
Of all the components of a good night’s sleep, dreams em to be least within our control. In dream, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak.
Now the tide appears to be turning. As personal injury claims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants, especially in cas where a warning label probably wouldn’t have changed anything.
Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of rearchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place.
（三）定语从句与先行词的隔离
考研英语中有很多复杂的定语从句，它们的先行词并不像常规那样紧靠着关系词，而是在先行词与关系词之间插入了很多成分。这时，靠近关系词的名词就不是先行词了，也就是
说定语从句与其所修饰的先行词被分隔，这种分隔有以下三种情况。
1. 作主语的先行词 + 谓语部分 + 定语从句
费马定理证明当修饰一个主语的定语从句很长，而此主语对应的谓语部分很短时，可以将这个定语从句与先行词分割开来放于谓语之后以保持平衡。这种被分隔的定语从句要注意寻找其对应的先行词，否则很容易出现理解错误。
It can be predicted, however, that from time to time questions will ari which will require specific answers.
The time is not far away when modern communications will become widespread in China对诸葛亮的评价’s vast countryside.
2. 先行词 + 其他定语 + 定语从句
先行词同时带有多个定语，而其中定语从句比其他定语长，结构也较复杂，此时按照英语尾重原则，把结构复杂的定语从句放在其他定语之后。
Changes in the social structure may indirectly affect juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that lead to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment in general make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain.
3. 先行词 + 状语 + 定语从句
As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive – there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complete ideas.
（四）带有插入语的定语从句
有些定语从句的关系词后面往往紧跟一个“主谓结构”，如I know, I believe, he claimed, they assume等。这些主谓结构为插入语，不影响定语从句本身的结构，因而也不构成定语从句的主谓语。除表示个人观点的主谓结构之外，定语从句的插入语偶尔还有其他结构。
The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a Fun Card, which when ud in the casin
o earns points for meal and drinks, and enables the casino to track the ur’s gambling activities.
Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hanburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.
（五）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
