扬州大学分数线
学校代码： 10385 分类号：____ ___ 研究生学号：1511310017 密 级： _______
《管子》单音节手部动词研究
The Study of Monosyllabic Motion of Hand Verbs in Guanzi
作者姓名： 张玲
指导教师： 胡萍 副教授
合作教师： 无
摔跤吧爸爸图片学 科： 中国语言文学
公司精神研究方向： 语言文字理论与应用
所在学院： 文学院
人工泛音
论文提交日期：二〇一八年五月二十三日
抗扭强度
摘要
本文集中研究《管子》单音节手部动词，通过全面统计，词频分析，总结出《管子》单音节手部动词关于词义和句法等方面的特点。本文希望通过对《管子》单音节手部动词的研究，为研究上古汉语手部动词的词汇系统提供一些材料，并且为上古专书研究贡献一点自己的力量。
首先，本文将《管子》单音节手部动词中的单义词与多义词进行了分析，我们发现《管子》单音节手部动词中单义词占到一半左右。语言具有经济性，每个时期出现的词汇都不会太多，这为多义词的出现提供了条件。接着本文着重讨论了《管子》手部动词的词义演变，归纳出词义演变的途径及方式，从语言内部规律这一方面，分析词义演变的原因。徒手类单音节手部动词在《管子》中共出现1017次，
非徒手类单音节手部动词出现613次。《管子》中单义词55个，多义词45个，徒手单音节单义动词18个，非徒手单音节单义动词33个。单义词与多义词的比例在徒手与非徒手动词的内部是不平衡的。在《管子》中，单音节手部动词的词义引申已较为成熟，包含相关演变、相似演变及同步引申，而且有一定的规律。另外，我们归纳出25组同义词，并对每组词进行辨析，且带有例证，力求言之有据。同义词中“握持”义与“杀害”义的成员最多。
然后，我们从徒手类和非徒手类两方面，对《管子》单音节手部动词的句法分布和句法特征进行了分析，包括单音节手部动词所作的成分和所带的成分。我们发现两类单音节手部动词在句法上的差异很小。两者皆以做谓语或谓语中心语为主，还可充当主语、宾语与定语。另外我们归纳出一种基本句式和四种句式变体，这并不能概括《管子》中单音节手部动词所存在的全部句式，但是涵盖了经常出现的情况。
最后，我们将《管子》中的部分手部动词与《世说新语》进行比较，总结出从先秦到魏晋南北朝时期，手部动词的大概发展规律。部分手部动词从先秦到魏晋南北朝在使用频率及语法功能上未出现大的改变，如“执”。部分手部动词在先秦属于常用词，但到魏晋南北朝逐渐退出历史舞台。
华灯高照关键词：《管子》 单音节 手部动词 词义 句法
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Abstract
This paper focus on the study of monosyllabic hand verbs in Guanzi.Through comprehensive statistics and word frequency analysis, this paper summarizes the characteristics of monosyllabic hand verbs in terms of word meaning and syntax. By the current investigation, it is hoped provide some materials for the study of the lexical system of hand verbs in ancient Chine and to make contributions to the rearch of the ancient books.
First of all, this paper analyzes monosyllabic words and polymous words in Guanzi monosyllabic hand verbs. We find that Guanzi monosyllabic hand verbs account for about half of monosyllabic verbs. There are not too many words in each period, which provides conditions for the appearance of polymous words. Then, this paper mainly discuss the evolution of hand verbs in Guanzi from the aspect of meaning, and summarizes the ways and means of word meaning evolution. From the perspective of the internal rules of language, this paper analyzes the reasons for the evolution of word meaning.Unarmed monosyllabic verbs appear 1017 times in Guanzi while non-unarmed monosyllabic verbs appear 613 times. In Guanzi, there are 55 monosyllabic words, 45 polymous words, 18 unarmed monosyllabic verbs and 33 non-unarmed monosyllabic verbs. The ratio of monosyllabic words to polymous words is unbalanced in the interior of unarmed and non-unarmed
verbs. In Guanz i, the lexical meaning extension of monosyllabic hand verbs is mature, including related evolution, similar evolution and synchronous extension. In addition, we sum up 25 groups of synonyms, and analyze each group of words with examples to prove the meaning of the words. In the synonyms,most members hold the meaning of "holding" and "killing" .
Then, we analyze the syntactic distribution and syntactic characteristics of monosyllabic hand verbs from the aspects of unarmed and non-unarmed. We find that the syntactic differences between the two kinds of monosyllabic hand verbs are very small. In addition, we summarize a basic ntence pattern and four ntence variants, which do not generalize all the ntence patterns of monosyllabic hand
双子座和天蝎座
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verbs in Guanzi, but it covers most of the cas.88年什么命
Finally, we compare some hand verbs in Guanzi with ShiShuoXinYu, and from pre-Qin to Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern dynasties. During the dynasties, some hand verbs have not changed in the frequency of u and grammatical functions, such as "holding". Some hand verbs are common words in the pre-Qin period. But they gradually withdrew from the historical stage during the Wei, Jin,
Southern and Northern dynasties.
Key words:Guanzi Monosyllabic Hand verb Lexical meaning Syntax
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