初中生安全感与生活事件的关系探究
中文摘要
安全感是人对所处环境是否安全的主观感受，它的缺失往往会影响学生的心理健康甚至引发心理疾病。本研究的主要目的，就是通过调查初中生安全感的现
状以及他们所遭遇的生活事件，阐明初中生安全感与生活事件之间存在怎样的关
系，生活事件的发生会对初中生安全感产生怎样的影响，并在此基础上提出促进
初中生安全感发展的教育策略。
本研究综合运用了文献分析法、问卷调查法、访谈法，以江苏省四所县城中学 439名初中生为研究对象，通过问卷调查的方法，呈现初中生安全感的现状以
及他们所遭遇的生活事件情况，探索初中生安全感发展的年龄特点、性别特点、
学校特点；在此基础上探索初中生安全感与生活事件之间的关系；并通过对部分
学生及其班主任的访谈，分析初中生安全感及生活事件在各方面存在差异的原
因。
通过对研究结果的分析，本研究得出如下结论：第一，初中生安全感整体水平较高，绝大部分学生认为所处的环境是安全可靠的。具体来看，初二学生比初
一、初三学生更有安全感；男生比女生更有安全感；公办学校学生比民办学校学
生更有安全感。但安全感在年级、性别、学校类型上不存在显著性差异。第二,
考试失败、学习负担重是初中生遭遇昀频繁、对他们心理影响程度昀大的生活事秃鹤
件。具体来看，初三学生的学习压力明显高于初一、初二年级；失恋、遭打骂等
生活事件的发生，对男生的影响程度明显高于对女生的影响程度；民办学校学生求职准备
的学习压力、受惩罚程度、出现的健康与适应问题均高于公办学校学生，且存在
显著性差异。第三，初中生安全感水平与他们所遭遇的生活事件显著相关，遭遇
的生活事件越多、强度越大，他们的安全感水平越低。但并非所有的生活事件因
子都会对学生的安全感产生重要影响。能对安全感产生重要影响的生活事件因子
是：失恋、遭打骂、学习压力、健康与适应问题。第四，生活事件对不同群体的
安全感水平影响程度不同。
针对初中生安全感的现状，结合本研究的研究结论，本文提出了促进初中生安全感发展的具体、可行性策略：第一，教师应多关心初中生学习、生活问题, 了解他们面临的主要生活事件；第二，培养和增强学生对生活事件的应对能力;
丰富和完善中学生的社会支持系统。
关键词：初中生、安全感、生活事件、心理健康3
Abstract
The n of curity is people’s subjective feelings of their living environment;
its abnce tends to affect students’ psychological health, and even leads to mental
illness. The main purpo of this study is to explain the relationship of curity and
life events among junior school students by investigating the status of curity and the
life events they encountered, to explain the effects of life events to students’ curity,
and on this basis, propo educational strategies to improve the level of their curityThis rearch us literature analysis, questionnaires,
interviews comprehensivel-
y, choos 439 junior school students from four country schools in Jiangsu Province
as the subject, through the survey method, the paper shows the status of curity and
the life events they encountered; explores the age characteristics, x characteristics,
中专几年school characteristics of the development of curity. On this basis, this study
珠帘隔断explores the relationship of curity and life events; and through the interviews of
some students and teachers, the paper analyzes the reasons why exists differences in
curity and in life eventsThrough the analysis of the finding, the study concludes: First, the whole level of
事故教训students’ curity is very high; most students think that their environment is safe and
reliable. Specifically, the junior two students are more curity than junior one and
execl表格junior three; boys are more curity than girls; public school students are more
煎饼curity than private school students. But there are no significant
differences of
curity in the grade, gender, and school type. Second, the test fails and the burden of
learning are the events which students are encountered most frequently and giving
them greatest influence on their psychology. Specifically, the learning pressure of
junior three is heavier than junior one and junior two; “be disappointed in love” and面的构成图片
“be beaten” impact boys more riously than girls; the learning pressure, the level of
punishment and the health and adjustment problems of students in private schools are
more rious than students in public schools, and there are significant differencesThird, there is a significant relationship of curity and life events among junior
school students, the more life events students encountered and the more strength of
life events, the lower of their curity is. However only “be disappointed in love”,“ be
beaten”, learning pressure, health and adjustment problems can have a major impact4
