胡壮麟 语言学教程第三版怎样喂猪长得快 练习及答案
Chapter I Introduction
I. Decide whether each of the following statements is True or Fal:
1. Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language.
高柔2. Linguistics studies particular language, not languages in general.
3. A scientific study of language is bad on what the linguist thinks.
4. In the study of linguistics, hypothes formed should be bad on language facts and checked against the obrved facts.
5. General linguistics is generally the study of language as a whole.
6. General linguistics, which relates itlf to the rearch of other areas, studies the basic concepts, theories, descriptions, models and methods applicable in any linguistic study.
7. Phonetics is different from phonology in that the latter studies the combinations of the sounds to convey meaning in communication.
8. Morphology studies how words can be formed to produce meaningful ntences.
9. The study of the ways in which morphemes can be combined to form words is called mor腹稿
phology.
10. Syntax is different from morphology in that the former not only studies the morphemes, but also the combination of morphemes into words and words into ntences.
11. The study of meaning in language is known as mantics.
12. Both mantics and pragmatics study meanings.
13. Pragmatics is different from mantics in that pragmatics studies meaning not in isolation, but in context.
14. Social changes can often bring about language changes.
15. Sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society.
16. Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive.
17. Modern linguistics is different from traditional grammar.
18. A diachronic study of language is the description of language at some point in time.
19 Modern linguistics regards the written language as primary, not the written language.
20. The distinction between competence and performance was propod by F. de Saussure.
齐河定慧寺
II. Fill in each of the following blanks with one word which begins with the letter given:
21. Chomsky defines “ competence” as the ideal ur天使小镇’s k__________ of the rules of his language.
22.Langue refers to the a__________ linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community while the parole is the concrete u of the conventions and application of the rules.
23.D_________ is one of the design features of human language which refers to the pheno广告网址n that language consists of two levels: a lower level of meaningless individual sounds and a higher level of meaningful units.
锻炼pc肌24. Language is a system of a_________ vocal symbols ud for human communication.
25. The discipline that studies the rules governing the formation of words into permissible ntences in languages is called s________.
26. Human capacity for language has a g ____ basis, but the details of language have to
be taught and learned.
27. P ____ refers to the realization of langue in actual u.
28. Findings in linguistic studies can often be applied to the ttlement of some practical problems. The study of such applications is generally known as a________ linguistics.
29. Language is p___________ in that it makes possible the construction and interpretation of new signals by its urs. In other words, they can produce and understand an infinitely large number of ntences which they have never heard before.
30. Linguistics is generally defined as the s ____ study of language.
III. There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can best complete the statement.
31. If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually u, it is said to be ______________.
A. prescriptive B. analytic 设置wifi
C. descriptive D. linguistic
32.Which of the following is not a design feature of human language?
A. Arbitrariness B. Displacement
C. Duality D. Meaningfulness
33. Modern linguistics regards the written language as ____________.
A. primary B. correct C. condary D. stable
34. In modern linguistics, speech is regarded as more basic than writing, becau ___________.
A. in linguistic evolution, speech is prior to writing
B. speech plays a greater role than writing in terms of the amount of information conveyed.
C. speech is always the way in which every native speaker acquires his mother tongue D. All of the above
35. A historical study of language is a ____ study of language.
A. synchronic B. diachronic
C. prescriptive D. comparative
36.Saussure took a (n)__________ view of language, while Chomsky looks at language f
rom a ________ point of view.
A. sociological…psychological B. psychological…sociological
C. applied… pragmatic D.mantic and linguistic
37. According to F. de Saussure, ____ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.
A. parole B. performance C. langue D. Language
38. Language is said to be arbitrary becau there is no logical connection between _________ and meanings.
A. n B. sounds C. objects D. ideas
39. Language can be ud to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This feature is called_________,
A. displacement B. duality C. flexibility D. cultural transmission
40. The details of any language system is pasd on from one generation to the next through ____ , rather than by instinct.
A. learning B. teaching C. books D. both A and B
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