Chapter two
Summarize the characteristics of English consonants :
[ ] voiceless bilabial stop [ ] voiced bilabial stop
日月如移越少年
[ ] voiceless alveolar stop [ ] voiced alveolar stop
[ ] voiceless velar stop [ ] voiced velar stop
[ ] bilabial nasal [ ] alveolar nasal
[ ] velar nasal [ ] voiceless postalveolar affricate
[ ] voiced postalveolar affricate [ ] alveolar lateral
[ ] voiceless labioldental fricative
[ ] voiced labioldental fricative
[ ] voiceless dental fricative
[ ] voiced dental fricative
[ ] voiceless alveolar fricative
[ ] voiced alveolar fricative
[ ] voiced alveolar trill
[ ] voiceless post-alveolar fricative
[ ] voiced post-alveolar fricative [ ] glottal fricative
[ ] bilabial approximant [ ] palatal approximant
II. Fill in each of the following blanks with one word which begins with the letter given:
1. A ____ refers to a strong puff of air stream in the production of speech sounds.
2．A ____ phonetics describes the way our speech organs work to produce the speech sounds and how they differ.
3. The four sounds /p/,/b/,/m/ and /w/ have one feature in common, , they are all b_______ sounds.
4． Of all the speech organs, the t ____ is the most flexible, and is responsible for varieties of articulation than any other.
5．English consonants can be classified in terms of manner of articulation or in terms of p____ of articulation.
6．When the obstruction created by the speech organs is total or complete, the speech sound produced with the obstruction audibly relead and the air passing out again is called a s________. <![endif]>
7．S_________ features are the phonemic features that occur above the level of the gments. They include stress, tone, intonation, etc.
8．The rules that govern the combination of sounds in a particular language are called s ____ rules.
9．The transcription of speech sounds with letter-symbols only is called broad transcription while the transcription with letter-symbols together with the diacritics is calle清蒸大虾
d n_________ transcription.
10．When pitch, stress and sound length are tied to the ntence rather than the word in isolation, they are collectively known as i_________.
11．P______ is a discipline which studies the system of sounds of a particular language and how sounds are combined into meaningful units to effect linguistic communication.
12．The articulatory apparatus of a human being are contained in three important cavities: the pharyngeal cavity, the o_______ cavity and the nasal cavity.
1电锤钻3． T____ are pitch variations, which are caud by the differing rates of vibration of the vocal cords and which can distinguish meaning just like phonemes. <![endif]>
14．Depending on the context in which stress is considered, there are two kinds of stress: word stress and s_________ stress.
15．The sound /f/ is _________________.
A. voiced palatal affricate B. voiced alveolar stop
C. voiceless velar fricative D. voiceless labiodental fricative
16. Distinctive features can be found running over a quence of two or more phonemic gments. The phonemic features that occur above the level of the gments are called ____________.
A. phonetic components B. immediate constituents
C. supragmental features D. mantic features
17病入膏肓的意思. A(n) ___________ is a unit that is of distinctive value. It is an abstract unit, a collection of distinctive phonetic features.
A. phone B. sound C. allophone D. phoneme
18．The different phones which can reprent a phoneme in different phonetic environments are called the ____ of that phoneme.
A. phones B. sounds C. phonemes D. allophones
19． Of all the speech organs, the _______ is/ are the most flexible.
A. mouth B. lips C. tongue D. vocal cords
20．The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrating are ____ sounds.
A. voiceless B. voiced C. vowel D. consonantal
21．__________ is a voiced alveolar stop.
A. /z/ B. /d/ C. /k/ D./b/
22． The assimilation rule assimilates one sound to another by “copying” a feature of a quential phoneme, thus making the two phones ____________.
A. identical B. same C. exactly alike D. similar 送别唐王维
Choo the best answer:
1. Pitch variation is known as ____when its patterns are impod on ntences.
C. pronunciation
2. Conventionally a ____is put in slashes.
C. phoneme
3. An aspirated p, an unaspirated 皇后大道东罗大佑p and an unrelead p are ___ of the p phoneme.
C. morpheme
4. A phoneme is a group of similar sounds called _____.
A. minimal pairs B. alloorphs C. phones
5. Which branch of phonetics concerns the production of speech sounds.
A. acoustic phonetics phonetics
C. auditory phonetics of them
6. which one is different from the others according to manners of articulation
A. [z] B. [w] C. [θ] D.[v]
7. which one is different from the others according to places of articulation
A. [n] B. [m] C. [b] D.[p]
8. which vowel is different from the others according to the characteristics of vowels吃燕窝的功效
A. [i] B. [u] C. [e] D.[i:]
9. what kind of sounds are made when the vocal cords are vibrating
A. voiceless B. voiced C. glottal stop
