(1)表语从句
1.??定义:用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
杂草2.??构成:关联词+简单句
3.??引导表语从句的关联词的种类:
1 从属连词that。如:
马来西亚消费高吗The?trouble?is?that?I?have?lost?his?address.??麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
改名字需要多久>摩顶平
2 从属连词whether,?as,?as?if。如:
He?looked?just?as?he?had?looked?ten?years?before.??他看起来还与十年前一样。
The?question?is?whether?they?will?be?able?to?help?us.?问题是他们是否能帮我们。
注:从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句,但as?if却可引导表语从句,如:
All?this?was?over?twenty?years?ago,?but?it’s?as?if?it?was?only?y esterday.
这都是20多年前的事了,但宛如昨天一样。
能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be,?em,?look等。如:
It?looked?as?if?it?was?going?to?rain.?看起来天要下雨了。
3 连接代词who,?whom,?who,?what,?which,?whoever,?whatever,?whichever
连接副词?where,?when,?how,?why。
如:The?problem?is?who?we?can?get?to?replace?her.?问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
The?question?is?how?he?did?it.??问题是他是如何做此事的。
That?was?what?she?did?this?morning?on?reaching?the?attic.?那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
解释:
1.??连词becau可引导表语从句。如:
I?think?it?is?becau?you?are?doing?too?much.?我想这是因为你做得太多。
2.??在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示,should可省略。如:
My?suggestion?is?that?we? should ?start?early?tomorrow.?我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
(2)主语从句 1.??定义:用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。
2.??构成:关联词+简单句
3.??引导主语从句的关联词有三类:
1 从属连词that。?如:That?they?were?in?truth?sisters?was?clear?from?the?facial?remblance betweenthem.
督察很明显,她们确是亲姐妹,她们的脸型很相似。
2 从属连词whether。如:
Whether?he’l l?come?here?isn’t?clear.??他是否会来这里还不清楚。
3 连接代词who,?whom,?who,?what,?which,?whoever,?whatever,?whichever 连接副词?where,?w
hen,?how,?why。如:
小数减法What?she?did?is?not?yet?known.??她什么尚不清楚。
How?this?happened?is?not?clear?to?anyone.?这事怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。
Whoever?comes?is?welcome.??不论谁来都欢迎。
Wherever?you?are?is?my?home?----?my?only?home.?你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。
解释:
1.??主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有:
A.It+be+形容词obvious,?true,?natural,?surprising,?good,?wonderful,?funny,?possible, likely,certain,probable,etc. +that从句。如:
It?is?certain?that?she?will?do?well?in?her?exam.?毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。
It?is?probable?that?he?told?her?everything.?很可能他把一切都告诉她了。
B.It+be+名词词组no?wonder,?an?honour,?a?good?thing,?a?pity,?no?surpri,?etc. +that从句。如:
It’s?a?pity?that?we?can’t?go.很遗憾我们不能去。
It’s?no?surpri?that?our?team?should?have?won?the?game.?我们没赢这场比赛真意外。
C.It+be+过去分词said,?reported,?thought,?expected,?decided,?announced,?arranged,?etc. +that从句。如:
It?is?said?that?Mr.?Green?has?arrived?in?Beijing.?据说格林先生已经到了北京。
It?is?reported?that?China?has?nt?another?man-made?earth?satelli te?into?orbit.
当是时
据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。
D.It+em,?happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如:
It?ems?that?Alice?is?not?coming?to?the?party?at?all.?Alice似乎不来参加晚会。
历史考试反思It?happened?that?I?was?out?that?day.?碰巧我那天外出了。
E.It+doesn’t?matter? makes?no?difference,?etc. +连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如:
It?doesn’t?matter?whether?she?will?come?or?not.?她是否来这无关紧要。
It?makes?no?difference?where?we?shall?have?the?meeting.?我们在哪里开会毫无区别。
F.当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时,要以it作形式主语,
而把主语从句后置。如:
Is?it?true?that?the?scientist?will?give?us?a?lecture?next?week??
下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗?
Does?it?matter?much?that?they?will?not?come?tomorrow??他们明天不来很要紧吗?
G.?当主语从句出现在感叹句中时,要以it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。如:
How?strange?it?is?that?the?children?are?so?quiet!?孩子们这么安静真奇怪!
2.注意连接代词whoever,?whatever,?whichever等引导主语从句的含义Whoever?comes?will?be?welcome.? whoever the?person?who ?来的人将受到欢迎。
Whatever?he?did?was?right.? whatever the?thing?that ??他所做的事情是正确的。
Whichever?of?you?comes?in?will?receive?a?prize.? whichever anyone?of?you?who ?你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖励。
(3)宾语从句
1.??定义:用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
2.??构成:关联词+简单句
3.??引导宾语从句的关联词有三类:
1 从属连词that。如:
He?told?us?that?he?felt?ill.??他对我们说他感到不舒服。