一、什么是主语?
主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物
什么可以做主语?
名词、代词、数词、动名词、不定式、名词化的形容词、短语、从句。
名词作主语
David arrived last night. 大卫昨晚到达。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄必败。
A mooncake is a delicious, round cake. 月饼是一种美味的,圆的饼干。
The first truck is carrying a few baskets. 第一辆拖拉机正在搬运一些篮子。
The temperature will stay above zero. 温度将会保持0度以上。
代词作主语
Who is speaking, plea? (在电话中)请问您是谁?
That is OK. 这没问题。
It is a young forest. 它是一片年轻的森林。
I do not know if it will grow. 我不知道它是否会生长。
That is a bit expensive. 那是有一点贵。
You had better buy a new pair. 你最好买一双新的。
It 作主语,有如下情况:
1)指代刚刚提到的事物:What’s this ? It’s a bus. (指代what)
2)指代一个你不知道或判断不清性别的人:Who’s knocking the door?
It’s me. (指代 who)
Who’s the baby in the picture? It’s my sister. (指代 who)
3) 表示时间,天气,距离:
What’s the time? It’s eight o’clock. (时间)
What’s it going to be tomorrow? It’s going to be rainy.(天气)
How far is it? It’s about one kilometre away. (距离)
数词作主语
Two will be enough. 两个就够了。
Two-thirds of the workers are women. 三分之二的工人是女工。
One and two is three. 一加二等于三。
One is not enough for me. I want one more. 一个不够对于我,我想再要一个。
动名词形式作主语
Skating is good exerci. 溜冰是很好的运动。
Looking up all the new words in the dictionary took him a lot of time.
从字典里查所有的生词花费了他许多时间。
不定式作主语 (常以 It’s adj. to do sth. 形式出现)
To translate this ideal into reality needs hard work.
把理想转变成现实需要辛勤的劳动。
To give is better than to receive ===It is better to give. 给予比获取好。
It is difficult to get to sleep. 入睡困难。
It’s glad to e you again. 很高兴再次见到你。
It was difficult to e. 难于看见。
It’s good to swim in summer. 夏天游泳很好。
名词化的形容词作主语
The blind and the lame are well cared for in our country.
在我们国家,盲人和肢残人受到很好的照顾。
The unemployed usually lead a hard life.
失业的人生活一般很困难。
短语作主语
How to do well is an important question.
卤如何把这件事做好是一个重要问题。
Early to bed and early to ri makes a man healthy.
早睡早起身体好。
从句作主语
What has happened proves that our policy is right.
发生的一切证明我们的政策是对的。 大学生当兵
Whether we'll go depends on the weather.
我们是否去要看天气。
There be 句型中,be 作谓语,主语位居其后。如:
There are many different kinds of mooncakes. 有许多种月饼。
There will be a strong wind. 将有一阵强风。
二、什么是谓语?
谓语部分,是针对主语而言的。通常用来描述主语的动作、状态或特征。
谓语的构成
1、简单谓语由一个动词(及物动词或者不及物动词)或短语动词构成的谓语,就是简单谓语。不管这些谓语动词是什么时态,语态,语气,都是简单谓语。
助动词有am, is , are, was, were, be, been, being, did ,do ,does, have, has , had, will, would, shall, should.
We come (不及物动词)我们来了 (一般现在时态主动语态)
My pet disappeared。(不及物动词)我的宠物失踪了。(一般过去时主动语态)
The sun ris.(不及物动词) 太阳升起来了。(一般现在时态主动语态)
The door opened.(不及物动词) 门开了。(带子蒸多久人死了会去哪一般过去时主动语态)
The plane took off(不及物动词) at ven o'clock.赞誉的反义词 飞机已在7点起飞.(一般过去时主动语态)
Jack was en to swim across the river. 有人看到图片美女杰克游过河了.(一般过去时态被动时态)
We study(及物动词) 初中音乐English. 我们学习英语。 (一般现在时态主动语态)
I like(及物动词) flowers.我喜欢花。(一般现在时态主动语态)
She has(及物动词) a book. 她有一本书。(一般现在时态主动语态)
She hates(及物动词) you. 她讨厌你。(一般现在时态主动语态)
My sister cooked(及物动词) dinner. 我妹妹煮饭。(一般过去时主动语态)
糯米粽子
We plant(及物动词) trees in spring every year. 我们每年春天都种许多树.(一般现在时态主动语态)
There is (系动词)a dog in the park. 公园里有一只狗。(一般现在时态主动语态)
There are (系动词)four birds in the sky. 天空中有四只鸟。(一般现在时态主动语态)
There sat (不及物动词)a scientist among the students. 学生中间坐着一个科学家。(一般过去时主动语态)
There lies (不及物动词)a big river between the two towns. 这两个村庄之间有一条河。(一般过去时主动语态)
We are coming.(一般现在进行时)我们正在来,我们将要来。
She is leaving.(一般现在进行时)她正要离开。
You are learning English.(一般现在进行时)你正在学习英语。
It is done by me. (一般现在被动时态) 我做的它。
You are to explain this.(命令的语态).你必须解释这事。
He is to go to New York next week.(一般将来时态) 他下周要去纽约。
I made your birthday cake last night. (一般过去时主动语态)
2、复合谓语由两部分构成