翻译技巧：汉译英最易翻错的100句（12）[误] My study is very busy.
[正] I am very busy with my study.
氧平衡注：第一句译文完全套用汉语的构造和语序，却犯了英文的句法错误。由于在英语中，study（学习）是一个行为，并不懂得忙不忙，感到忙的应是进展这一行为的人。所以，be busy with sth. 或 be busy (in) doing sth. 才是地道的英语表达。
57. 给他当二把手我看也值得。他太能。
初中物理实验报告[误] I feel it worth being a cond hand to him. He is so capable.
动人心魄[正] I feel it worth playing cond fiddle to him. He is so capable.
注：英语的 cond hand 作名词指“中间人”、“旧货”或“助手工人”，而汉语的“二把手”是“副手”，即“其次负责人”的意思，所以二者不是一回事。play cond fiddle 则源于管弦乐队中第一提琴手（first violin）不在的时候由其次提琴手负责，并被人们引申为“当主要领导人的副手”，也就是我们所说的“当其次把手”。由此，不难猜出“当一把手”译成英语应当是 paly first fiddle了。
58. 电车上非常拥挤，几乎没有立足之地。
和[误] The tram was so crowded that there was hardly sufficient
room for you.
网游外挂[正] The tram was so crowded that there was scarcely sufficient room for you.作文评语集锦大全
注：副词 hardly 和 scarcely 虽然都含有“几乎不”等否认含义，有些时候也可以互换，如：I could hardly/scarcely recognize her（我几乎认不出她来了），但仍有微小的差异。如在强调数量“缺乏”时只能用 scarcely，这时它常与 enough、sufficient等词连用。
医用制氧机十大品牌59. 他被戴上了绿帽子。
[误] He is made to wear a green hat.违约金赔偿标准
[正] He is a cuckold.
注：中文的“戴绿帽子”是指某人之妻与他人私通，但直译成英文西方人只会按字面意思理解为“某人头上被戴了顶绿色的帽子”，无论如何也不会理解汉语的喻义。而英语的 cuckold 是指“*妇的丈夫”（a man who wife deceives him by having a xual relationship with another man），所以用 be a cuckold 才能正确表达原文的意思。
60. 我在新闻片里看到你站在总裁的身旁。
[误] I saw you stand by the president in the newsreel.
[正] I saw you stand beside the president in the newsreel.
注：stand by someone 的意思是“支持某人”（to support someone）；to stand beside someone 才是“立于某人旁边”（to stand by the side
of someone）。但是，假如 stand by 后面的宾语不是人，那倒是可以与stand beside 互换，表示“在...之旁”，例如：Their hou stands by a forest（他们的房子在森林旁边）。除此之外，stand by 还有“袖手旁观”之意，例如：How can you stand by and watch while your allies are attacked？（当你们的盟友受到攻击时，你们怎能袖手旁观呢？）
