Module 8 Unit 2 The universal language
1. in the U/univer →an university ；Beijing University(专有名词前无冠词the)；go to university ；university/college/academy/institute →universal universal adj.adj.普遍的/一般的/共同的/公认的/全世界的/
万能的/通用的：universal truth/rule/weakness ：universal language/peace
2. splendid splendid adj.adj.①极好的≈wonderful/great/fantastic/terrific/superb ②壮丽的/光辉的/辉煌的≈
glorious
3. star star n.n.①恒星：planet 行星；satellite 卫星卫星 ②明星/星形物：superstar →v.(-red/-ring) ③vi.主演：sb star in sth ④vt.由…主演/使…成为明星：sth star sb ；a movie starrring sb ≈feature
4.
music →musical →musician ；cast (cast/cast) vt.：cast sb (as 角色/in sth) →sb be cast as/in … 5.
cold-hearted ≈cruel 冷酷的/无情的；warm/kind-hearted 热心的/善心的→cold-blooded 冷血的；handsome/troublesome/tiresome (注意some 的发音) 6.
empire 帝国；emperor/empress →kingdom 王国；king/queen/prince/princess 7. marry sb ≈get married to sb ≠be married to sb(可延续)；marry sb to sb →marriage n./u/c/ 8. in/outdoor adj.：an outdoor sport →in/outdoors adv.；fall/be in love with sb at first sight 9. solo ①n./c/独奏/唱/舞/演→duet/chorus ②adj.单独的/独自的/独(奏/唱/舞/演)的 ③vi.独奏/唱
/舞/演 ④adv.：dance/play/sing/perform solo
10. slave n/c/奴隶；奴隶；salvery n./u/奴隶制度奴隶制度/身份：abolish slavery 废除奴隶制度：slaver n.奴隶船奴隶船/
山东菏泽曹县
贩子；angel 天使≠angle 角→uni-单/一：uniform/unique ；bi-二/双：bicycle ；tri-三：triangle 11. feature feature n.n.①特征/特色≈characteristic ②features 面貌/容貌≈appearance/looks ③特写/专门
报道→v .④vi.起作用：feature in sth ⑤vt.以…为特色为特色 ⑥由…主演：a film featuring sb ≈star 12. in condition 健康；out of condition 健康不佳；
in in……conditions/situations 在…状况/情况/形势下；on condition that-clau=if-clau 假如；on no condition 绝不绝不 →(un)condition(al)：
unconditional love/surrender 投降投降
13. be drunk with ≈be lost in/be addicted to →drink/drank/drunk →drunken man/driving （drunk 不
置于名词前）置于名词前）
14. dare v./-s/-d/daring/ ①敢于：dare sb/sth 敢于面对；dare to do sth ；dare sb to do sth 挑战/激将
→v.aux. /dared ，daren daren’’t/ ②敢：dare do sth 用于否定句/疑问句→I dare say=I daresay +省略that
冬天词语的宾语从句：我猜想/我以为…→dare 做行为动词时，其否定为：don don’
’t/didn t/didn’’t/doesn t/doesn’’t dare (to) do sth (难点：此时to 经常省略)
15. have/exerci control over sb/sth ：beyond/under/out of + control ；in/take/lo control of ；
in the control of ；control onelf ；control one
’s anger/weight 16. disturbing ≈annoying/troubling/troublesome/worrying ；give/make give/make a a a promi promi →carry carry out out out / / / keep keep
one one’’s promi/word →break one
’s promi/word 17. recite vt.①背诵①背诵/朗诵/吟诵吟诵 ②叙述/描述≈describe ③列举/一一说出≈list
18. threat ①n.威胁/恫吓：under under threat threat threat of of of punishment punishment ②威胁者/危险的人物：a a threat/danger threat/danger threat/danger to to
sb/sth →threaten v.威胁威胁/恐吓/恫吓：threaten sth
；threaten to do sth ；threaten sb with sth 19. terrify sb (to death) → terrified/terrifying/terrible ≈scare/frighten/horrify vt.
20. guard n.①/c/守卫/警卫/岗哨(人)/防护物防护物 ②/u/看守/警戒：
松子玉米的做法keep/stand guard ；on/off one ’s gurad
→v .③守望/监视/看守看守 ④守护/保护：guard A from/against B
≈protect/ensure/defend/shelter A from/against B
21. kiss ①vt/vi.：kiss one ’s cheek=kiss sb on the cheek ；kiss sb goodbye/good night ；kiss kiss……away 吻去 ②n./c/：give sb a kiss ；throw/blow a kiss to/at sb 飞吻飞吻
22. affection n./u&c/感情感情/爱情：have an affection for/toward sb/sth
竹子有什么品质；have/win/gain one ’s affection 23. ①aloud adv.强调大声以能听见；无比较级；前只加少数动词如强调大声以能听见；无比较级；前只加少数动词如speak/say/sing/talk 等 ②loud
adj./adv.：louder/loudest ；in a loud voice ③loudly adv.：more/most loudly ；可修饰各种动词；可修饰各种动词 24. stage ①n.舞台：on on (the) (the) (the) stage stage 在舞台上/当演员当演员 ②n.阶段/时期：at/in at/in…
…stage ③vt.上演≈perform ：stage/perform sth →stage tting 舞台布置/stage direction 舞台说明舞台说明 25. direct ①adj.直接的/笔直的：direct speech/flight/current/object ②adv.直接地≈directly adv.直
接地/立刻马上/conj.一...就…≈immediately/as immediately/as soon soon soon as as ③vt.指导/指挥/监督/管理/导演导演 ④vt.
命令/指示：direct sb to do sth ；direct that-clau(虚拟语气虚拟语气) ⑤vt.指引/指点指点 →director n.董事董事/理事/管理者；导演/指挥(者) →direction n.①方向①方向/方位：in/from in/from…分数约分的方法
…direction ②/u/指导/指挥/监督/管理：under on e’e’s direction/guidance s direction/guidance ③directions 指示/吩咐/命令：+ for sth
26. orchestra 管弦乐队→a symphony orchestra 交响乐团；交响乐团；
27. conduct ①n./u/品行/操行；指导/引导；管理/经营→vt.②指导/引导；指挥(乐队) ③经营/管
理≈direct ④vt.传导(光热电等) →conductor conductor n.n.①领导者/引导者；管理经营者引导者；管理经营者 ②乐队指挥②乐队指挥
③售票员/列车员列车员 ④导体④导体
28. location n.位置位置/场所≈place/spot/post/position →locate vt.①定位①定位/使位于②找出位置：locate A
+介宾介宾 →be located +介宾；介宾；Located in the middle of the schoolyard, the garden looks beautiful. 29. break one ’s heart →heartbreaking adj.令人心碎的；令人心碎的；compo ①v .作曲/绘画/写作写作 ②组成/构成
→compor n.作曲家→作曲家→be compd/constitued/made up + of
≈consist of →component n./c/ 30. breath n.：out of breath ；take a deep breath ；hold one ’s breath →breathe sth in →breathless adj. 31. authentic authentic adj.adj.可信的/可靠的/真实的/确实的≈actual ；speak speak fluent+fluent+语言=speak 语言语言 fluently
→be fluent in+语言语言
语言 32. condemn vt.①责难①责难/谴责：
condemn/blame sb for sth ②判决/判刑：condemn sb for sth ；condemn sb to death ；condemn sb to do sth (to spend the rest of one one’’s life in prison)；be condemned/ntenced to death ③使被逼③使被逼/使注定：be condemned to sth / to do sth
33. privilege n./u&c/ 特权/特别待遇；abu privilege ；
obtain/have/enjoy (a/the) privilege(s) of doing sth ；award/give a privilege to sb 观察日记一则
34. desire ①vt.希望/渴望/要求：desire sth ；desire to do sth ；desire sb to do sth ；desire that-clau(虚
拟语气) →②n./c&u/愿望/欲望；要求/请求：have a desire+for sth / to do sth / that-clau(虚拟
语气)：express/voice a desire 表达；satisfy a/one
’s desire 35. hire n./v.①雇用≈①雇用≈employ ；hire sb for/as
；fire/dismiss sb for (doing) sth 解雇/开除②租借≈rent 36. perform ①vt/vi.上演/扮演/演奏演奏 ②vt.做/实行/完成/履行≈carry carry out
out ③vi.运作/运转≈funtion/work →performance/performer n.
37. employ sb as …→employ onelf in …=be employed in..从事/在做/忙于；employee/employer n.
→employment employment n.
n.雇佣/就业；employment employment agency agency 职介所；out out of of of employment/work employment/work 失业→unemployment n./u/失业：
失业：be thrown into unemployment ；There is little unemployment at prent.
扬汤止沸
38. person/personal →personally personally adv.adv.亲自/就个人而言→personality personality n.n.人格品格/个性性格/名人→
personnel n.①(总称，视为复数)职员/员工：All personnel were prent at the meeting. ②人事部门：the personnel department →the human resources department 人力资源部人力资源部 39. apply to …for for……向…申请…→apply (A) to B 应用运用/贴抹/适用→apply onelf to...专心于→appliance n.器具器具/装置：houhold appliances 家电；electrical appliance 电器→applicant n.申请申请者/应征者→application form 申请表→applied maths/chemistry 应用数学/化学化学
40. chorus n.①合唱团①合唱团/队 ②合唱曲②合唱曲 ③齐声/异口同声→a chorus of …；in chorus 齐声地/合唱地合唱地 41. tune n.曲调曲调/调子→in tune
我最喜欢的一本书
音调准确/协调和谐→(反义)out of tune →to the tune (of …)和着…的调子→sing/dance to the music 和着音乐唱歌和着音乐唱歌/跳舞跳舞
42. have a sore throat 喉咙发炎疼痛；status n.①地位①地位/身份：official status
②状态/情形≈situation →status symbol 地位/身份的象征物；motherland/homeland →mother countr
y/tongue 43. tremble ①n/vi.震颤/发抖：tremble with anger/fear ；tremble at the news ；
a tremble in one ’s voice ②vi.焦虑/担心：tremble for …；tremble to do sth →trembling adj.震动的震动的/摇动的摇动的
44. tutor ①n.家庭教师/导师导师 ②v .做家教指导：tutor (sb) in English →tuition n./u/学费学费/授课授课 45. symphony n./c/①交响曲①交响曲/乐 ②交响乐团=symphony orchestra
③交响音乐会→symphonic adj. 46. bachelor n.①单身汉：①单身汉：He He’’s a bachelor.→He is single/married. ②学士：②学士：master/doctor 47. kindergarten kindergarten n.n.幼儿园：in in kindergarten kindergarten ；go go to to to kindergarten kindergarten →primary primary school school →(junior/nior)
middle/high school →college/university/academy/institute
48. folk ①n./c/ 人们/亲人亲人 ②adj.民间的/通俗的：folk music/song/dance/singer →ballad n.民谣民谣民谣 49. ballet n./u&c/芭蕾舞芭蕾舞/芭蕾舞剧/芭蕾舞曲→classical ballet
；ballet dancer 50. fame fame n./u/n./u/名声/名气/名望≈distinction/reputation/note →be be eager eager eager for for for fame fame ；win/earn/achieve
fame=come to fame 成名→famous/famed ：be famed/famous for/as/to
… 51. go/be on 或take 或have + a transatlantic voyage (to sw)；
the Pacific/Atlantic/Indian/Arctic Ocean 太平洋/大西洋/印度洋/北冰洋；voyage n./c/(专指越海专指越海/越空)旅行→tour/trip/journey/travel 52. make friends with sb=develop a friendship with sb →shake hands with sb
53. pop chart ；jazz/pop/classical/blues/R&B/folk (music)；swing (music)；rock and roll (music) 54. evolve evolve vi.vi.演变/发展/进化≈develop/advance →evolution evolution n.n.演变/进化≠revolution 革命→the
theory of revolution/relativity 进化论进化论/相对论相对论
55. anchor ①n.锚 ②vt/vi.(使)停泊：The ship anchored/was anchored in the bay. ③(使)固定/稳定
→be anchored in
… 停泊在/固定于/扎根于… 56. play the trumpet ；esntial adj.①必不可少的①必不可少的/绝对必要的/极为重要的≈necessary/important ：
be esntial to/for …；it it’’s esntial that-clau ；it it’’s esntial for sb to do sth ②本质的/实质的→esntial difference 本质的区别；esntial element 要素；esntial English 基础英语基础英语 57. swing ①n./u&c/摇摆/振动；②摇摆乐=swing music →vt/vi.(swung/swung)③(使)摇摆/摇晃摇晃 ④
挥舞/挥动；blues n.布鲁斯音乐布鲁斯音乐(单复数同形)
58. decline ①vt/vi.婉拒/谢绝=refu ：decline (sth)；decline to do sth ②vi.倾斜/下沉下沉 ③vi.衰弱/
衰败/减弱；下跌/下降：His health/influence began to decline recently. →④n.衰弱/减退；退步/减少：There has been a gradual decline in this country ’s population/economy.→on the decline 在衰退中/走下坡路；go into a decline (身体等)开始衰弱/衰竭→(反)prosper vi.繁荣繁荣/兴盛兴盛
59. rhythmn n.韵律韵律/节奏/节拍：rhythmn and blues (R&B) (music) →rhyme n.韵/押韵/韵文韵文 60. play play the the the piano/violin/guitar/saxophone/bass piano/violin/guitar/saxophone/bass →pianist/vionlinist/guitarist/saxophonist/bassist 低音
乐器演奏者/低音歌手；trend n.倾向倾向/趋势/潮流≈tendency(tend v.) 61. mix ①vt/vi.混合/掺混/混
淆：mix (A) (up) with B ②vt.使结合/调和调和 ③vi.交往/往来：mix with sb →mixed adj.：mixed doubles 混合双打→mixture n.①/u/混合/调和调和 ②/c/混合物混合物
62. discriminate ①vt/vi.区别/辨别/分别：discriminate A from B ；discriminate between A and B ②
vi.歧视/差别对待/分别对待：discrimiate between A and B ；
discriminate against …歧视…≈have a a prejudice prejudice prejudice against against against……≈be be prejudiced prejudiced prejudiced against against against……；discriminate discriminate in in in favor favor favor of of of……偏袒…→racial/x discriminaton/prejudice 种族/性别歧视/偏见偏见 63. promote vt.①使晋升①使晋升①使晋升 ②促进/增进/助长助长 ③促销→promotion/promoter n.
64. fortune n.①/u/运气/幸运/命运：by good/bad fortune 幸好/不幸；have fortune to do sth ；
ek /try one one’’s fortune 找出路/碰运气 ②n./c/u/财富/巨款：make a fortune →(un)fortunate/ (un)fortunately ：be be (un)fortunate (un)fortunate (un)fortunate in in in (doing) (doing) (doing) sth sth ；be be (un)fortuante (un)fortuante (un)fortuante to to to do do do sth sth ；It It’’s s (un)
fortuante (un)fortuante that-clau →luck/ (un)lucky/ (un)luckily →misfortune ①恶运/不幸：by misfortune ；bear/endure misfortune 忍受不幸；suffer misfortune 遭受不幸；have the misfortune to do sth ②/c/不幸的事/灾难：Misfortunes never come singly. 祸不单行祸不单行
65. pray ①vt/vi.祈祷/祷告：pray sth ；pray to do sth ；pray to God for sth ②vt.恳求/请求≈ask/beg ：
pray sb to do sth →prayer n.①祈祷①祈祷/祷文；祈愿/愿望愿望 ②祈祷者/恳求者恳求者
66. cut cut……short ①缩短/截短截短 ②提前结束/停止/中断中断 ③打断/制止；cut cut……up ①切碎/剁碎剁碎 ②使人
身心受伤；cut cut……away ①切下/砍掉砍掉 ②逃走；cut cut…
…back=cut back=cut back back back on on on…… 缩减(生产)/削减(开支)；cut cut down down ①vt.砍到/砍伐砍伐 ②vt/vi.减少(量)/缩减：cut cut…
…down=cut down=cut down down down on on on…… ③vt.使减价/使降价；cut in (on sb/sth) vi.插嘴/插入/插队；cut cut……off ①切断/砍掉：cut A off (from) B ②
切断/停止(水/电/汽/热等的)供应供应 ③切断电话/通话通话 ④使孤立/与外界隔绝；cut cut…
…out ①切下/剪下：cut A out from B ②删除≈leave out ③停止③停止
67. draft ①n.底稿/草稿/汇票汇票 ②n.征兵/征集→③vt.草拟/起草起草 ④vt.选拔/征召→be drafted into … 68. regain one ’s charm →charm n.≈appeal →appeal ①vi.要求/恳求：appeal to sb for sth ；appeal to
sb to do sth ②vi.有吸引力/感染力：appeal to sb ③(法律)上诉：appeal to A (against B) ④诉诸(武力/舆论/裁判/法律等)：appeal to A →n.④恳求/请求：+ to sb for sth ⑤吸引力/魅力魅力 ⑥呼吁/诉求诉求 ⑦上诉/抗议→appealing ≈charming/attractive/inviting adj.有魅力的有魅力的/有吸引力的有吸引力的 69. break(break(……)up ①vt/vi.击碎/粉碎；拆散/分开分开 ②vt/vi.(使)(关系/谈判等)破裂/分手；结束/中止中止 ③
vt/vi.驱散/解散解散 ④vt/vi.(使)精神上颓丧/垮下去垮下去 →break break down down ①vt.捣毁/毁坏毁坏 ②vt/vi.镇压/溃败；打垮/垮掉垮掉 ③vi.(机械等)出故障/坏掉坏掉 ④vi.(身体/精神)出毛病/垮掉垮掉 ⑤vt/vi.溶解/分解分解 70. phenomenon n./c/①现象：①现象：a natural/social phenomenon ②神奇的人②神奇的人/事≈wonder ：
He was called a phenomenon as a child. 神童神童 →phenomena (pl.)复数复数
71. physical →emotional →mental adj.精神的精神的/心理的；智力的/智能的→mental disorder 精神错乱；
mental dia/illness 精神病；mental hospitalpatient 精神病院/患者；mental test 智力测验智力测验 72. haircut n./c/①理发：①理发：have/get a haircut 去理发去理发去理发 ②发型/发式；catalogue n.目录目录/唱片目录/产品
目录≠category n.种类种类/范畴范畴
73. copy ①n.誊本/册：a copy of …②vt.复写/复制→copyright n.版权版权/著作权：the copyright(s) to sth
