英国文学简史笔记
一．早中世纪文学：Early and Medieval English Literature（约5世纪-1485)
The ancestor: Celts(凯尔特人）.
Life style: Primitive life(原始生活）.
Language: Celtic（凯尔特语） (Britons 大不列颠语).
最早的英国史：1. Roman Conquest. (55BC--410AD)---Julius Caesar.
2. Anglo-Saxon Conquest. (450--1066)---Anglos, Saxons, Jutes(朱特人).
3. Norman Conquest. (1066--1350).
中期英国史：1.Romance(罗曼史): love, chivalry(骑士精神), religion;
2.3 major themes: (1).Matter of France;
(2).Matter of Greece and Rome;
(3).Matter of Britain.
3.Language: 3 language.
文学作品：1.Geoffrey Chaucer (杰弗里。乔叟):
Chaucer's works:
(1) . The Canterbury Tales( 坎特伯雷故事集);
少女杀手阿墨 (2). The Wife of Bath (巴斯夫人）；
(3). Romance of the Ro (玫瑰传奇);
(4).The Hou of the Fame (声誉殿堂);
(5).The Parliament of Fowls (百鸟会议);
世界人口密度排名 (6).Troilus and Cressie (特洛伊斯和克莱西德）.
Chaucer's contribution to the English language:
(1). The " father of English poetry";
(2). He introducer from France and Italy the rhymed (押韵的)stanzas of various types, especially the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic meter ( heroic couplet) (抑扬格、五音步诗), instead of the Old English alliterative( 头韵的) ver;
(3). For the first time in English literature, he prented to us a comprehensive realistic picture( 现实主义）of the English society of life in his masterpiece " The Canterbury Tales( 坎特伯雷故事集)";
(4). He was the first English poet who wrote in English, thus establishing English as the literature language;
(5), He did much in making the London dialect(方言) the foundation for modern English language.
Chaucer's social significance:
(1). Influenced by the early Italian Renaissance, Chaucer affirmed man's right to pursue earthly happiness and oppod asceticism, praid man's energy, intellect, and love of life;
(2). Meanwhile, he also expod and satirized the social evils, esp.,the religious abus.
2.The Song of Beowulf (贝奥武甫自编现代诗，a hero）
假期总结800字 3.The English Ballads (大众民谣): a story told in song.; in various English and Scottish dialects.---- Robin Hood (罗宾汉), who is strong, brave, clever, tender-hearted and affectionate(深情的).
二、文艺复兴时期文学: The English Renaissance（15世纪后期-17世纪初）
文艺复兴时期形成的思想体系被称为人文主义.
几个过渡时期：1. The Hundred Year's War: 1337--1453;
2. The wars of the Ro(玫瑰战争/蔷薇战争): 源于两个皇族所选的家微。
英格兰开斯特王朝( Hou of Lancaster)---红玫瑰；
尼克服
约克王朝( Hou of York)---黄玫瑰；
Winner: 英格兰开斯特王朝。
3. The Tudor Dynasty(都铎王朝): 1485--1603.
The Elizabethan Age( Golden age): economic development;
Cultural development;
expansion and exploration abroad;
the war of Spain;
the flowering of literature.
The English Renaissance: 1.Thomas More(托马斯。莫尔), 是英国最主要的早 期人文主义者。
Utopia (乌托邦):开创了英国哲理幻想小说传统的 先河。把印刷术引入英国。
2. Sir Thomas Wyatt(托马斯·怀亚特爵士）--- Henry Howard Sonnet.
把十四行诗引入英国。
3. Edmund Spenr(埃德蒙·斯宾塞)---the faerie queens (仙后).
A new poet film.
4. Francis bacon(弗兰西斯·培根)---Essays(论说文集)
William Shakespeare:The greatest of all English authors;
The first founders of realism.
见PPT.（尤其是Hamlet和sonnet）
三、17世纪文学：The Period of The English Bourgeois (资产阶级)Revolution.
1. The English Bourgeois/ Puritan(清教徒） revolution:
Politically: the Monarch(Royalists(君主) / the Puritan Republicans.
Religiously:Anglican church (church of England) / Puritanism.六年级上册作文
The Result: a civil war.
2. Literature of this period:
Poetry( The early half of the 17th century)--John Milton, Ben Jonson.
The Cavalier poets(骑士派诗人)
The metaphysical poets(玄学派诗人)---John Donne(多恩),the Flea(跳蚤)
The political poems
Pro(散文)---the King James Bible; literacy criticism(,the end of 17th century
3.基督教发展简史：见Milton PPT。.
4. John Milton(约翰。弥尔顿）先进工作者主要事迹：wrote the greatest epic(叙事诗) in English literature;
春景 A master of the blank ver(竖体诗);
A great stylist(文学风格批评家)
见PPT（尤其是Paradi Lost）
四、启蒙时期文学: the English Century(17世纪后期-18世纪中期）
