Definition of tort侵权的定义
Categories of tort侵权行为的分类
Intentional torts故意侵权
Meaning of intent意向书的含义
The main intentional torts主要的故意侵权
Defens to intentional torts故意侵权的抗辩
卖牛Cas for in-class discussion
Negligent tort *过失侵权*
Meaning of negligence疏忽的含义
Components of a negligent tort: Duty of care 疏忽侵权的组件：注意义务
Defens to negligent torts过失侵权行为的抗辩
Cas for in-class discussion
Strict liability *严格责任*
Meaning of strict liability严格责任的含义
The main torts where strict liability applies 主要侵权，严格责任的适用范围
Limitations on strict liability 严格法律责任的限制
Cas for in-class discussion
古语翻译
General Introduction
The definition of tort侵权的定义
A civil wrong wherein one person's conduct caus a compensable injury to the person, property, or a recognized interest of another, in violation of a duty impod by law.一个人的行为引起了一种损害他人的人身，财产，公共利益，或违反法律所规定的义务的可赔偿的民事错误。
There is no really uful definition of a "tort" which will allow all tortious conduct to be distinguished from all non-tortious conduct.
没有真正用"侵权"的定义，这将允许所有侵权的行为区别于非侵权的行为。
Not contractual不具法律效力
every member of society will be liable in tort if he behaves in certain ways, whether or not he has connted to such liability or not每一个社会成员将承担侵权责任，如果他实施了某些方面的行为，无论他是否同意负责。
Compensation赔偿
the overall purpo of tort law is to compensate plaintiffs fro unreasonable harm which they have sustained.侵权法的总体目的是补偿原告来本不应受到承受但是承受了的损害。
Shifting of burden转移负担
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Apart from tort law's interest in promoting economic efficiency, this branch of law also has
王字开头的成语
an interest in imposing the cost of accident on tho who can afford them.除了侵权法在促进经济效率方便的法益，这个法律分支也有征收能够支付他们的事故花费的法益。
Conflict冲突
The courts standing change confronted with the conflicting purpos of tort law.
站在变化的法院面临的冲突与侵权法的目的。
Tort and breach of contract侵权和违约
Breach of a legal duty; breach of a contractual duty. 违反了法律责任，违反合同义务。
The same act may be both a tort and a breach of contract.同样的行为可能是侵权和违约。
Tort and crime 侵权和犯罪
Against the specific person; against the public.对特定的人，针对公众
Compensation V. penalty赔偿五，罚则
The same act may be both a tort and a crime.同样的行为可能是侵权和犯罪。
General Introduction
Categories of torts侵权行为的分类
There are three broad categories of torts, and there are individual named torts within each category. - 有三个大类侵权行为，并有不同名字命名的每个类别中的侵权行为。
1. Intentional torts (蓄意侵权行为)
battery; assault; fal imprisonment; infliction of mental distress; trespass.
1.暴行，殴打，非法监禁;造成精神痛苦;妨害。
裙子用英语怎么说2. Negligent torts (negligence)(过失侵权行为)
3. Strict liability(严格责任)
animals; abnormally dangerous activities; product liability动物异常危险活动;产品责任
- Miscellaneous torts: e.g. invasion of privacy混合侵权行为，例如侵犯隐私
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Intentional Torts故意侵权
Meaning of intent
One person desires to bring about some sort of physical or mental effect upon another person.一个人期望对另一人造成一些身体或心理上的影响。
Do you think there is an intentional tort committed by A in the following two cas ? 你认为这是在以下两种情况下，哪一个是故意侵权？
(1) A intends to tap B lightly on the chin to annoy him. If B has a "glass jaw" which is broken by the light blow.（1）打算轻轻敲B的下巴去骚扰他。如果B有"玻璃下巴"，轻轻敲也敲断了。
(2) A intended to shoot at B with a water gun, but accidentally hits C.
(2)打算用水枪射击B，却意外地击中了C
* Distinguish intent from conquences.区别于后果的意图。
The Main intentional Torts against the person主要对人的故意侵权行为
Battery (暴行) is the intentional infliction of a harmful or offensive bodily contact. (attack and hitting).暴行是故意发生有害的或者进攻性身体接触的行为
The intent must be at least to bring about some sort of physical or mental effect upon another person.这样做的目的至少对另一个人产生了一些身体或心理影响。
e.g. A intentionally punches B in the no. A has committed battery.
例如故意一拳打在B的鼻子上。这就是一种暴行。
Assault (恐吓) is the threatening to inflict harmful or offensive bodily contact.
恐吓是一种威胁并使遭受伤害或令人反感的身体接触。
e.g. D, a bill collector, threatens to punch F in the face if F does not pay a bill immediately.
例如D，一个账单冲突，威胁F如果F不立刻支付账单就打F的脸。
Fal Imprisonment (非法拘禁) is the intentional confinement.
非法拘禁是一种故意的监禁
Infliction of Mental Distress is the intentional infliction of vere emotional or mental distress by extreme and outrageous conduct.
造成精神痛苦是通过极端和蛮横的行为故意造成严重的情绪或精神痛苦。
有关黄山的诗句Libel and slander protect a person's interest in his reputation.诽谤和流言侵犯了一个人的名誉权。
怎么添加输入法Common law strict liability普通法的严格法律责任
Recent Supreme Court Decisions have eliminated court's right to impo strict liability.最高法院最近决定取消法院施加严格法律责任的权利。
Public figure: a requireent of actual malice统一条件：要求实际恶意
