英语阅读理解一：
Rearchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet. Psychologists who study optimization compare the actual decisions made by people to theoretical ideal decisions to e how similar they are. Proponents of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there are veral variations on the exact format that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their esntial aspects. Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and conci way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the pertinent considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or conquence is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically calculated by adding the values together. The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision.
Since most important problems are multifaceted, there are veral alternatives to choo from, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember. On the average, people can keep about ven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially uful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic example for many college students is the question "What will I do after graduation?" A graduate might ek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year.
A decision-making worksheet begins with a succinct statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it. It is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals becau long-range goals often involve a different decision than short-range ones.
Focusing on long-range goals, a graduating student might revi the question above to "What will I do after graduation that will lead to successful career?"
托福阅读题目：
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?利润分配未分配利润怎么结转
(A)A tool to assist in making complex decisions.
(B)A comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions
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(C) Rearch on how people make decisions
(D) Differences between long-range and short-range decision making
2. The word "esntial" in line 7 is clost in meaning to
(A) introductory
sb是什么的缩写(B) changeable
企业营销管理(C) beneficial
(D) fundamental
3. The word "pertinent" in line 9 is clost in meaning to
(A) relevant
(B) preceding
(C) insightful
(D) responsive
一类会议4. Of the following steps, which occurs before the others in making a decision worksheet?
(A) Listing the conquences of each solution
(B) Calculating a numerical summary of each solution
(C) Deciding which conquences are most important
(D) Writing down all possible solutions
5.According to decision-worksheet theory, an optimal decision is defined as one that
(A) has the fewest variables to consider树的英语单词
(B) us the most decision worksheets
(C) has the most points assigned to it
(D) is agreed to by the greatest number of people
6. The author develops the discussion in paragraph 1 by means of
(A) describing a process
(B) classifying types of worksheets
(C) providing historical background
(D) explaining a theory
7. The author states that "On the average, people can keep about ven ideas in their minds at once
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(lines 17-18) to explain that
(A) most decisions involve ven steps
(B) human mental capacity has limitations
(C) some people have difficulty making minor as well as major decisions
(D) people can learn to keep more than ven ideas in their minds with practice
8. The word "succinct "in line 24 is clost in meaning to
(A) creative
(B) satisfactory
(C) personal
(D) conci
9. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage ?
(A) Proponents (line 5)
(B) Optimal (line 5)
叔梁纥(C) Variables (line 17)
(D) Long-range goals (line 25)
10. The word "it" in line 24 refers to
(A) worksheet
(B) problem
(C) distinction
(D) decision
11. The word "revi" in line 26 is clost in meaning to
(A) ask
(B) explain
(C) change
(D) predict
托福阅读答案：
ADADCABDBB C
英语阅读理解二：
The history of clinical nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizes food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents that were esntial for human function and that different foods provided different amounts of the esntial age
nts. Near the end of this era, rearch studies demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by providing adequate dietary protein associated with certain foods.
