吉林大学2012年考博英语其中一篇阅读理解真题及答案
Astronomers have witnesd the biggest bang since the Big Bang—the moment about 15 billion years ago when the univer was created in a massive explosion.The huge burst of energy from the edge of the univer is estimated to be cond only to the moment of creation in its explosive force,releasing more energy in two conds than the sun will give out in its lifetime.Scientists hope the explosion—known as a gamma-ray burst becau it emits energy in the form of gamma radiation—will shed light on the earliest stages in the evolution of the stars and galaxies.Gamma-ray bursts cannot be en by the human eye but if they could the sky would light up like a camera flash each time they occurred.They are by far the most energetic events in the univer and,until now,have remained largely a mystery.
The latest gamma-ray burst to be detected accurately occurred last December.Using a network of telescopes and satellites,the astronomers were able to calculate its distance from earth at about 15 billion light years.This means it must have happened soon after the
Big Bang itlf,while the intensity of the radiation revealed it to be the biggest bang recorded by man.Scientists from the American National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the California Institute of Technology are to announce details of their analysis this week.The huge distance between the source of the explosion and the Earth suggests gamma-ray bursts are up to 10 times larger than previously thought,said Jonathan Katz,professor of physics at Washington University in St Louis.
“金光闪闪abcc式Gamma-ray bursts may be the most distant things we will ever e and as such will act as beacons to probe into the very distant regions of the univer when stars and galaxies were first formed.”
American spy satellites looking for the radiation relead from Soviet nuclear tests first detected gamma-ray bursts in 1967 but the details were kept classified until 1973.For nearly 25 years scientists were hampered in their efforts to find an explanation for the huge explosions becau they lasted no longer than a few conds.The inability to explain them led to speculation that gamma-ray bursts were the remnants of nuclear battl
es between alien civilizations,or even the exhaust energy of extraterrestrial spaceships going into warp drive.Two satellites,the American Compton gamma-ray obrvatory and the Italian-Dutch Bepposax satellite,have now been able to locate the preci direction of gamma-ray bursts within conds of them occurring.John Quenby,professor of physics at Imperial College of Science,Technology and Medicine in London,said the most likely explanation for gamma-ray bursts is that they result from the enormous energy relead when two very den objects—called neutron stars—collide.
京东退货 1-According to the passage,“the Big Bang新学小生” is ud to express all of the following EXCEPT
［A］ the huge energy burst which created the univer.
［B］ the energy burst which took place in the center of the univer.
［C］ the explosion which took place in the form of gamma radiation.
［D］ the explosion which happened about 15 billion years ago.
冬天的温暖2-According to the passage gamma-ray bursts
［A］ were detected accidentally.
［B］ were first detected by Soviet nuclear experts.
［C］ were made known to the public after 1973.
［D］ were soon given clear and detailed explanation.
3-It can be concluded from the passage that the study of the Big Bang will probably
［A］ lead to the discovery of earliest human civilizations .
［B孔子问礼］ tell how and when the univer was formed .
［C］ display the intensity of nuclear radiation .
［D］ make it possible to communicate with other civilizations .
4-Which of the following is NOT directly stated but can be inferred from the passage?
［A］ Gamma-ray explosion is very,very far away from the earth.
［B］ Scientists believe that the univer was formed out of the Big Bang.
［C］ Gamma-ray bursts lasted only a very short period of time.
［D］ Scientists are still working hard to find more plausible explanations for the Big Bang.
5-Which of the following can be ud as the best title of the passage?
［A］ Gamma-ray bursts and nuclear wars between alien civilizations.
［B］关于冬至的诗句 Astronomy and the creation of univer.
［有钱就是任性C］什么的照耀 Big Bang theory explains the mystery of univer.
［D］ Big BangⅡ sheds light on evolution of univer.
1-B细节题。文章首句就指出，the Big Bang是指大约150亿年前开天辟地的大爆炸，从此
诞生了宇宙。这种大爆炸会释放出大量的能量，两秒钟内释放的能量甚至要比太阳一生中释放的能量还多。这种爆炸又称为伽马射线爆炸，因为它是以伽马辐射的形式释放能量的。从题后的四个选项中可以看出，A、C、D都正确地表达了大爆炸的意思，只有选项B“在宇宙中心发生的能量爆炸”，与文章内容不符，因为大爆炸发生之后才产生了宇宙，它当然不可能发生在宇宙的中心。
