史上最全 老挝 中英双语介绍
History
The early history of Laos was dominated by the wider Nanzhao kingdom, which was succeeded in the 14th century by the local kingdom of Lan Xang that lasted until its decline in the 18th century, after which Thailand assumed control of the parate principalities that remained. The then came under French influence during the 19th century and were incorporated into French Indochina in 1893. Following a Japane occupation during World War II, the country became independent in 1949 as the Kingdom of Laos under the leadership of King Sisavang Vong.
Political unrest in neighboring Vietnam dragged Laos into the greater Second Indochina War which was a destabilizing factor that contributed to civil war and veral coups d"état. In 1975 the communist Pathet Lao backed by the Soviets and communist Vietname overthrew the royalist government of King Savang Vatthana who were backed by the US and France. After taking control of the country, they promptly renamed it the Lao People’s Democratic Republic.
我也要去
历史
在早期历史中，老挝被广阔的南召（ Nanzhao ）王国所统治。南召（Nanzhao）王国于14世纪由当地的兰湘（Lan Xang）王国兴起，直到18世纪逐渐衰落。在那之后，泰国就自认为控制了剩下的独立公国。后来为法国人的保控，并于1893年成为法国的保护国（French Indochina）。接着，在二次世界大战期间，老挝又被日本所占领。该国在1949年独立，成为在琅勃拉邦希沙旺国王（King Sisavang Vong）的领导下的老挝王国。
邻国越南的不稳定局势，将老挝卷入了第二次印度支那大战（the greater Second Indochina War），这也是导致其内战和几次政变的重要不稳定因素。1975年，老挝共产党（communist Pathet Lao）在苏联和越南共产党的支持下，推翻了由美国和法国扶植的萨旺・瓦达那（King Savang Vatthana）保皇政府。在取得政权之后，他们立即改称为老挝人民民主共和国（Lao People’s Democratic Republic）。
word对不齐Geography
qq号查询 Laos is a landlocked country in Southeast Asia, bordered by Myanmar and China, Vietn
am to the east, Cambodia to the south, and Thailand to the west. Laos has thickly forested landscape consists mostly of rugged mountains, the highest of which is Phou Bia at 2,817 m, with some plains and plateaus.
The Mekong River forms a large part of the western boundary with Thailand, whereas the mountains of the Annamite Chain form most of the eastern border with Vietnam.
地理
老挝是一个内陆东南亚国家，与缅甸和中国相邻，东接缅甸，南接柬埔寨，西邻泰国。境内多数为浓密的森林所覆盖，且多数由崎岖的山地所组成，最高峰是比亚山峰（Phou Bia），海拔2,817米，此外，还有一些平原和高原。
湄公河（The Mekong River）构成了西部大部分其与泰国的边境线，而东部老、越边境大部分为长山（the Annamite Chain）山脉所构成。
美发发型
Political System
The only legal political party is the Lao People’s Revolutionary Party (LPRP). The head
of state is a president elected by parliament for a five-year term. The head of government is a prime minister appointed by the president with parliamentary approval. Government policies are determined by the party through the all-powerful nine-member Politburo and the 49-member Central Committee. Important government decisions are vetted by the Council of Ministers. This unicameral parliament, expanded in February 2002 elections to 109 members for a five-year term, approves all new laws, although the executive branch retains authority to issue binding decrees.
政治体系 93年
老挝唯一合法的政党是老挝人民革命党（Lao People’s Revolutionary Party－LPRP）。国家元首为总统，由国会选举出，任期5年。政府首脑为国家总理，由总统任命并由国会批准。 国家政策由老挝人民革命党通过全能的九人政治局和四十九人中央委员会决定。重要的政府决定由政府内阁成员投票决定。单一制国会，于2002年1月扩充到109个成员，任期5年，负责批准新的法律，虽然行政部门保留颁布法令的职权。
Education System
社会实践表格模板The French system of education was replaced with a Laotian curriculum, although lack of teaching materials has impeded effective instruction. Although school enrollment has incread since 1975, the goal of achieving universal primary education was postponed from 1985 to 2000 as a result of the lack of resources. The teachers are paid irregularly and they have to spend significant amounts of time farming or in other livelihood activities, resulting class in many locations are actually held for only a few hours a day. Due to irregular class, overcrowding and lack of learning resources, the average student needed eleven to twelve years to complete the five-year primary cour in the late 1980s. Secondary education enrollment similarly has expanded since 1975 but as of mid-1994, it was still limited in availability and scope. Local condary education is concentrated in the provincial capitals and some district centers. Dropout rates for students at condary and technical schools are not as high as among primary students, but the gender and ethnic group differentials are more pronounced. Students who do not live in a provincial center require boarding away from home in order to condary attend schools. This discourages students in rural areas from pursuing further education, with additional differential impacts on girls and minorities.
教育体系
苗小姐减肥日记虽然缺少教材而影响其教学的效率，老挝还是用老挝课程取代了法国教育系统。从1975年开始，学校入学率开始提升，但由于资源的匮乏，普及初级教育的目标从1985年被推迟到了2000年。 教师的工资发放很不规律，而且他们不得不花费大量的时间从事很多诸如农活等其他生计活动，这导致了在很多地方，一些班级一天实际上只能上几个小时的课。在二十世纪80年代后期，由于班级编排不规律，过度拥挤，缺少教育资源等原因，学生们平均需要11到12年的时间才能完成5年的初级教育。 1975年，中级教育入学率也同样开始提升，但直到1994年中期为止，仍然受数量和范围的限制。当地的中级教育主要集中在省会和其它一些行政中心。中级学生和技校学生的退学率不像小学的退学率那么高，但是性别和民族区别更明显。那些不住在省市中心的学生，要想继续中级教育，必须离家寄宿。这严重影响了乡下学生进一步深造的积极性，对于女生和少数民族学生来说，情况更糟。
Population
Laos has an estimated population of 6 million. 68% of the country’s people are ethnic Lao, the principal lowland inhabitants and the politically and culturally dominant group. Th
e Lao are descended from the Tai people who began migrating southward from China in the first millennium AD. Hill people such as the Hmong (Miao), Yao (Mien), Black Thai, Dao, Shan, and veral Tibeto-Burman speaking peoples, have lived in isolated regions of Laos for many years. Mountain tribes of mixed ethnolinguistic heritage are found in northern Laos. Collectively, they are known as Lao Sung or highland Laotians. In the central and southern mountains, Mon-Khmer tribes, known as Lao Theung or midslope Laotians, predominate. Some Vietname and Chine minorities remain, particularly in the towns, but many left, after independence in the late 1940s and again after 1975.
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