高考英语时事热点话题阅读
热点15 任性的理由疫苗的研发与疫苗的安全矛盾性
一、阅读理解
1
A single do(剂量) of an experimental vaccine(疫苗) can protect mice against the Zika(寨卡) virus, raising renewed hope of a vaccine for humans, say scientists. The US team say the results, published in Nature, are “striking” and should encourage rearch efforts.
Tests in humans could begin in months. But even if the go well, a licend vaccine for widespread u to protect tho at most risk—such as pregnant women—would still be years away, experts advi. Zika has been spreading across Central and South America and, most recently, Africa. More than 60 countries and territories now have continuing transmission(传播) of the dia, which is carried by mosquitoes. The virus caus rious birth damages during pregnancy and has been declared a global public health emer
gency.
一但
Now, developing a vaccine for pregnant women to protect their unborn babies is an international rearch priority(优先事项). US scientists from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Rearch, the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School tested two types of Zika vaccine in mice — one bad on bits of genetic(基因的) code from the virus and another that is an inactive (and therefore harmless) copy of Zika. Both worked well, protecting every mou that was immunid against the virus. In comparison, all of the mice not given the vaccine caught Zika after they were expod to it.
Rearchers say they will push ahead with developing the needed virus vaccine. There are many existing vaccines for other dia that u this type of technology, while there are relatively few DNA-bad vaccines. Of cour, future tests will need to check the vaccine is safe and effective in humans, as well as how long the immunity might last.
1. If the tests in humans go smoothly, ________.
羊肚菌种植A. a vaccine for u in the laboratory will be still be years away.
B. pregnant women in Africa will be the first to benefit from the vaccine.
苹果手机连上wifi却上不了网怎么办C. a licend vaccine will still not be accessible in a short term.
D. The Zika virus will cau less rious birth defects during pregnancy in months.
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. many countries are actively involved in the rearch of the Zika vaccine.
B. US scientists have tested more than two types of Zika vaccine in mice.
C. None of the mice given the vaccine caught Zika.
心声
D. It is still unknown whether the vaccine is safe and effective.
黄藤素胶囊3. Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. Zika vaccine works very well in mice
B. Zika vaccine still has a long way to go
C. International rearches into Zika have paid off
safinD. More attention has been paid to Zika vaccine
2
Flu vaccines (疫苗) work by arming the immune system with an enhanced ability to recognize and fight off the flu virus.Vaccines introduce proteins found on the surface of fu virus，causing the immune system to produce antibodies that are ready to react when the virus attack.
However, flu virus change frequently and can differ with time and from region to region.Even though current vaccines that people get annually produce antibody respons, the antibodies don‘t cross-protect. If thereis a new flu strain (流感病毒毒株) not found in that year’s vaccine, the antibodies that we generated last year won’t be able to protect us. So the pandemic(大流行) happens.On the other hand, if the vaccine match
es the virus strain, the immune system will produce antibodies and kill the flu virus.
Luckily, in a study published in Cell Reports Medicine,scientists at the University of Wisconsin-Madisondescribe a T-cell-bad vaccine strategy that is effective against multiple strains of flu virus. The experimental vaccine, given through the no, delivered long-lasting protection in the lungs of mice by using T-cels, which are special white blood cells that quickly remove viral invaders through an immune respon.
The rearch suggests a potential strategy for developing a universal flu vaccine, "so you don’t have to make a new vaccine every year," explains Marulalsiddappa Suresh, a professor in the School of Veterinary Medicinewho led the rearch. The current flu vaccine has a rious weakness. Becau each vaccine is only designed to resist one kind of virus strain. Once the virus changes, it could lead to a wide outbreak of flu.
