英语单词常用前缀和后缀
前缀
一.表示否定的前缀
1盘门三景.dis-加在名词、形容词,动词之前。
disabled(有残疾的) disadvantage(缺点)disagree(不同意) disarm(解除武装)disconnect(失去联系)
2.in-加在形容词,名词之前
incorrect(不正确的), inactive(不积极的), informal(非正式的), infamous( 声名狼藉的),
3.im-加在字母m, b, p之前
impossible(不顺能的),impolite(不礼貌的),impatient(没耐心的)
4.un-加在名词,形容词,副词之前
unfortunate(不幸的), unhappy(不高兴的), unlucky(不幸运的), unfinished(未完成的)undoubted(无疑的)
5.non-加在形容词,名词前
non-existence(不存在),non-violence(非暴力),non-electrical(非电的)
6.mis-加在动词、名词之前
misu(误用,滥用), misunderstand(误解),misjudge(误判),misleading(误导),
7.anti-加在名词、形容词之前
anti-Japane(抗日战争的),anti-social(厌恶社会的,反社会的),antifreeze(防冻剂)
二.表示“前before”的前缀
1.pre-
万的组词
preconception(成见),pre-existing(先于……而存在的),pre-lection(选举前的) preface(前言)
prefix(前缀), preposition(介词).
2.fore-
forehead(前额),foreman(工头,领班),foree(预见,先见),foretell(预言)
3.ex-
ex-president(前任总统),ex-wife(前妻)
三.表示“后-post”的前缀
1.post-
post-war(战后),post-position(后置词),postmeridian(下午)
四.表示“回”、“再次”、“向后”的前缀
1.re-
repeat(重复),rebirth(重生),retranslate(再译),rebuild(加强),reconstruct(重建),return(返回)
五.表示“共同”、“和”的前缀
风日
1.co-
co-exist(共存),co-operate(合作),co-education(男女同校),
六.表示“相互”、“之间”的前缀
1.inter-
international(国际的), interchangeable(可互换的),interdependent(互相依靠的)
七.其它的前缀
1.auto-自动
automatic(自动的),autobiography(自传)
2.mal-坏,恶
malnutrition(营养不良),maltreat(虐待)
3.micro-
microscope(显微镜),Microsoft(微软),microtome(切片机),microwave(微波)
4.tele-远
telegram(电报),telephone(电话),telescope(望远镜),tele-education(远程教育),
5.demi-, mi- hemi-
mi-circle(半圆),hemisphere(半球),demilune(半月,新月)
6.bi-, di-二
biyearly(二年一次的),biweekly(二周一次的),dichloride(二氯化物),bicycle(自行车)
7.tri-三
triangle(三角),tripod(三角架),tricycle(三轮车), trilogy(三部曲)
8.multi-多
multi-colored(颜色多样的),multi-national(多国的),multimedia(多媒体), multi-gym(多功能健身器)
9.trans-通过,横过
transcript(抄本, 副本; 记录),translation(翻译),transparent(透明的),transport(运输),trans-plant(移植)
10.com-,con-, cor-, col-共同,和,完全
comment(评论),compile(编辑),correlation(相互关系),collect(收集),corruption(贪污腐败),collaborate(合作,合著)
11.en-,em-往……里,使……
encamp(扎营),enable(使……能),endear(使……受喜爱),empower(给。。。的权力)
12.deci-,deca-十
decimal(十进位的),decagramme(十克)
13.centi-百
centimeter(厘米),centipede(蜈蚣)
14.milli-千
millenias(千年的),millimeter(毫米)
15.kilo-千
kilowatt(千瓦),kilometer(千米)
16.mini-小的,短的
bus(公共汽车)—minibus( 小型公共汽车)skirt(裙子)—miniskirt
17.mid中间的
day(天, 白天)—midday(正午) night(夜, 夜晚)—midnight(午夜)
后缀
明天会更好吉他谱
一.名词后缀
1.-ster,-eer,-er(or)ee
意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例词:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer差不多拼音,auctioneer暖和的近义词是什么,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor employee(职工, 雇员, 店员)interviewee(被接见者, 被访问者)
2.-ness;-ity(ty)意为:状态,品质(state;quality;etc.)例词:happiness, ufulness,lfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,changeability
3.-ism意为:道义,主义,学说等(doctrine of,practice of)例词:idealism, impressionism,abnteeism,racism
4.-ess意为:女性(female)例词:actress,poetess,hostess
5.-hood意为:时期(status;etc.)例词:boyhood,childhood,单位英语manhood
6.-ship意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例词:leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sportsmanship
7.-ful意为:量(the amount which noun contains)例词:cupful,handful, mouthful,spoonful
8.-tion,-ion意为:1)状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:action,oppression,posssion,education,starva- tion 2)机构等(institution;etc.)例词: organization,foundation
9.-ment意为:状态,行动等(state; action;etc.)例词:movement,enslavement,pavement
10.-al意为:动作(action)例词:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal
11.-age意为:程度,数量等(extent; amount;etc.)例词:wastage,coverage, acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage
二、动词后缀
常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:
1.-ify意为:转为,变为(to turn into,to make or become)例词:beautify, diversify,simplify
2.-ize;-en意为:使……,变得……(to make or become ;to make into)例词:modernize,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,白晶晶是谁演的ripen,widen,heighten,threaten
3.-ate意为:增加,使……(give or add,make or become)例词:originate, hydrogenate,validate,differentiate
三、形容词后缀:
常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:
1.-ful意为:充满,有(full of;hav- ing;giving;etc.)例词:uful,pitiful, hopeful,helpful,forgetful,thankful, fearful
2.-less意为:没有,无(without;not giving)例词:speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless
3.-ly意为:有……品质的(having the qualities of)例词:beastly,manly,brotherly,friendly
4.-like意为:像……的(like)例词: childlike,statesmanlike,tiger-like