虾对市爱抚阳光实验学校模块5→6 知识点
[词条1] attend (Book 1)
和平的反义词 [] attend 相当于be prent at意为“出席，参加〞
attend the meeting /school /wedding/lecture,etc.
[拓展] 类似的动词或短语有：participate in, take part in, join in, join与attend
仙灵骨葆胶囊participate in一般表示参加休闲游戏类活动，强调参加的个体地位的平，如：participate in the game/the experiment.
参加比赛或竞争性活动一般用“take part in〞更为适宜，强调付出了努力。take part in 指参加有组织的，严肃的，重大的活动。
join in 指参加正在进行着的活动或游戏，有时可与take part in换用。
We only need one more player for this game - can you persuade your sister to join in?
甘蔗种植技术
Join指参加团体或组织，成为其中的一个成员，也可用于join sb.〔与某人一起〕。It's a great club. Why don't you join it? We are arranging a performance for no benefit. Will you join us?
[词条2] achieve (Book 1)
[]achieve 强调了由于极大的努力，克服困难后到达既目标。
achieve success/ victory/one’s goal/ one’s ambition
生产车间的管理
They achieved their purpo through a ries of experiment.
[拓展] 类似的动词有reach, gain。
reach 指到达某地方，到达目的，达成协议或结论，而不涉及为此所花费的努力。
reach a place/ a conclusion/ an agreement
gain “获得〞，指获得某种好处、利益或经验。Nothing can be gained without an effort.
[词条3] prepare(Book 1)
[] prepare sth．意为“准备某事〞 强调准备的过程或动作，宾语必须是这一动作的直接承受者；另有“配置、调制〞之意。
Mother is preparing lunch in the kitchen．
[拓展] 类似的短语有：prepare for；prepare…for；be prepared for；be〔get〕ready
东的英语prepare for意为“为……作准备〞，for后面的宾语是准备的目的，即所要付的情况。
We are preparing for the mid-term examination．
prepare sth．for意为“为……做好准备〞。
The students are preparing their lessons for the exam．be prepared for强调准备好的状态。
Can you be prepared for your future job？
be〔get〕ready意为“准备好〞，着重指准备的结果。
be〔get〕ready to do还有“乐于干……〞的意思。
Miss Li said，“Everyone should be ready before class．〞He is always ready to help others．
[词条4] regret(Book 1)
[] regret to do sth. 遗憾地去做某事
I regret to tell you that you have failed your driving test once again.
[拓展] regret doing 懊悔做了某事
He has regretted saying mean words to his best friend.
接不式和动名词意思不一样的动词短语还有：
1)stop to do sth 停下来继续做另一件事; stop doing sth 停止作某事
2)mean to do打算做某事；mean doing 意味着……
3)remember to do sth 记着要去做某事; remember doing sth 记得作了某事
4)forget to do sth 忘记了要去做;forget doing sth作过了忘了
5)want to do sth 某人想去干某事;want doing sth 需要…
6)go on to do sth 继续作另一件事; go on doing sth 继续做一件事
7)try to do sth 努力作某事;try doing sth 试着作某事
[词条5] explain(Book 1)
[]explain to sb. sth./ explain sth. to sb.
Can you explain the first ntence to me once again ?
The teacher was explaining to the students that there were veral ways to work out the maths problem.
[拓展]可以这样用的动词有report, announce, introduce, suggest, whisper, etc.
[词条6] reason(Book 1)
[课文原句] I don’t know the reason why the hou is so dirty…(Line25,Page22)
[] reason意为“理由〞、“原因〞，指用以解释某些已发生的事情的理由或借口，这种理由可能是也可能不是真正的理由，强调逻辑推理方面的理由。如：There are many reasons for animals dying out．
[拓展]类似的词有cau; excu
冬至吃什么好cau意为“起因〞、“原因〞，指引起某种结果的必然原因，即主要事实方面的原因，常和effect连用，表示因果关系。如： I don’t know the cau and effect．我不知道此事的前因后果。
excu指为免受指责和推卸责任而找的“理由〞、“原因〞 也就是我们常说的“借口〞。如：Too much work is no excu for abnce．工作太忙不能成为缺席的理由。
[词条7] be hard on(Book 1)
[]be hard on 对…太苛刻。如：Don’t be too hard on your son. After all, he is too young.
[拓展] be hard on sb还可表示对…要求严格xinxi，类似于be vere with sb/ be strict with sb.
The captain is hard on his teammates= The captain is strict with his teammates.= The captain is vere with his teammates.
[词条8] insist(Book 1)
[课文原句] Recently he has been refusing to do his homework, and instead insists on wasting his time watching DVDs and listening to foreign music. (Lines7-8,Page38)
[] insist vt. / vi. 坚持，坚持认为.作不及物动词用时,后跟on或upon引起的短语职业道德是什么
We insisted upon meeting the Mayor of the city at once.
[拓展] insist 作及物动词时，只能接从句作宾语。
1)insist作坚“决要求、一要〞,其宾语从句常用与将来事实相反的虚拟语气,即should+动词原形,其中should可以省略。如:
Her father insists that she (should) learn music after she leaves school.
2) insist作“坚持说、坚持认为〞时,用陈述语气。如:
Alice insisted that she had done nothing wrong.
动词suggest也可以这样用。suggest 在主如果作“建议〞讲时，从句用虚拟语气即should+动词原形，should也可以省略；但suggest 作“暗示，说明〞讲时，从句用陈述语气。I suggest that he (should) go there at once.His pale face suggested that he was ill.但当suggest用于It’s suggested that …句型中,从句也用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should也可以省略。名词suggestion后接表语从句或同位语从句时，从句也用虚拟语气。He made a suggestion that we (should )read more English books out of class.It’s suggested that the work (should )be done at once.
[词条9] forbid(Book 1)
[] forbid系常用词, 指“命令某人不做某事〞, 如:The doctor forbids him to smoke.
[拓展] Forbid, ban, prohibit都含“禁止〞的意思。ban 语气较重, 指机关“正式禁止〞, 含“严厉谴责〞之意,只能用事物作其宾语, 如:Ban atomic and nuclear weapons! 禁止原子武器和核武器! prohibit指“通过法律或政府法令禁止〞, 如:The soldiers were prohibited from leaving camp after dark.天黑后不准离开营房。
