如何写好对比性议论文
(【题型特征】
对比性议论文就是在论述两类事物或同一事物两个方面的异同点的基础上，表明作者自己观点或态度的写作形式。常见的论述内容包括：某事物的利和弊，对事物喜欢或厌恶、赞成或反对的理由等。
【应对技巧】
乞丐与校花
1. 写作方法
(1) 整体对比写作发：即从整体上论述针对某一事物的正、反观点。如论述网络的利弊时，先全面阐述网络
的益处，然后再整体介绍网络的弊端。
(2) 部分对比写作法：即将某一事物的一个正面观点与其相对应的反面观点一起论述。如论述武侠小说对学生
课余生活的影响，正面认为武侠小说丰富了学生的课余生活，反面认为武侠小说使学生沉溺于虚幻的世界中而忽略了学习。
2. 对比性议论文的结构通常是并列式的，所以无论作者采用了哪种写作方法，对立的两者间必须使用适当的过
渡成分，从而使前后衔接。
3. 常用词语（组）和句型
● 开头句:
1. We have had a heated discussion about whether we should ….
2. The topic of … is becoming the most popular one recently.
3. When asked about …,different people hold different views.
● 正方常用句子:
1. Some people say …is their favorite.
2. Some people hold the opinion that …
3. Many people agree with this idea.
● 反方常用句子:
1. While others feel …is a better choice in the following thre e reasons.
Firstly, ….Secondly, ….Thirdly, ….
2. But some people don't agree with them in veral points. First, they believe
that …. What's more , they say that ….
● 自己观点:
1. In my opinion, I like …(哪方观点).The reason is that ….
2. In a word, my person al view emphasizes on …(采取对策)in a scientific point.
● 总结过渡词
1. 表转折或对比关系:on one hand …on the other hand…, for one thing… for
<,but , while, yet, on the contrary ,compared with, in spite of , instead.
2. 表递进关系:also, besides, furthermore, moreover, what's more,
in addition ,what's wor, wor still, to make matters\things wor.
3. 表总括或结尾:in my opinion, in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole,
in conclusion , to sum up.
4. 表列举理由的先后次序:firstly, condly, thirdly; first, cond, third; next,
meanwhile, at the same time.
【写作模板】
(1)要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。
1. 有一些人认为…
2. 另一些人认为…
3. 我的看法…
The topic of ①-----------------（主题）is becoming more and more popular
recently. There are two sides of opinions about it.
Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the first reason
that（支持A的理由一）.What is more, ③-------------(理由二). Moreover, ④---------------(理由三).
While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons.
Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),⑥------------------（理由二）. Thirdly (finally),⑦------------------(理由三).
From my point of view, I think ⑧----------------（我的观点）. The reason is that ⑨--------------------(原因).
As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wi choice.
(2)给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点
Some people believe that ①----------------（观点一）. For example,
②----------------- （举例说明）．
In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,④------------(我不同意该看法的理由
一). For another thing, ⑤----------(反对的理由之二)．
Form all that I have said, I agree to the thought that ⑥------------------ (我对文章所讨论主题的看法)．
【典型例题1】
有人认为金钱是万恶之源，有人认为金钱是幸福之本。请据此写一篇短文，并提出你自己的观点。
一、例题解读
1. 本文应该包括正方、反方和自己三方面的观点。为使文章的结构清晰，可以将全文的内容分为三段，分别论
述三方观点。
2. 在论述自己的观点时，作者除了需要明确地表示赞成或反对的意见，还应简单地表明自己的理由。
二、学生范文
Various people have various opinions about money. Some people think that money is the root of evil. It drives people to steal, to rob, and so on. Many people even lo their own lives when hunting money.
On the contrary, other people think that money is the source of happiness. It can bring comfort, curity, and so on.
In my opinion, the most important thing is to know how to deal with money. Money is uful. When got and ud properly, it may bring happiness.
* 范文亮点
本文是较典型的对比性议论文。其结构清楚，层次分明，较好地使用了on the contrary, in my opinion 等过渡语。
【典型例题2】
2002年全国高考题：最近，你校同学正在参加某英文报组织的一场讨论。讨论的主题是：公园要不要收门票？
请你根据下表所提供的信息，给报社写一封信，客观地介绍讨论情况，并简述你的看法。
注意：1.词数：100左右。2．参考词汇：门票－entrance fee
一、解题思路
1. 仔细审题，确定文体：属于对比类写作中的正反观点对比、叙议结合。
2. 根据对比类写作框架列出主要句型。
点明主题：We had a discussion about whether an entrance fee should be
书山有路勤为径学海无涯苦作舟的作者charged for parks.
详细对比：Opinions are divided on the question:
* 60% of the students are against the idea of entrance fee.（A方观点）
A. People need a place where they can rest and enjoy themlves.
B. It will become do harm to the appearance of a city.
* 40% of the students are for the idea of entrance fee.（B方观点）
A. The fee can be ud to pay gardeners and other workers.
B. The fee can be ud to buy plants and trees.
阐述观点：I agree with the opinion that the fees should be charged, however
with a reasonable price. （…我‟的观点）
奶油蛋糕的做法3. 注意细节的描述，有时需要有理由的支撑。这样可以使文章更具有说服力。例如
A 方观点，60% of the students are against the idea of entrance fee.
A. People need a place where they can rest and enjoy themlves becau
charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away.
B. It will do harm to the appearance of a city when the walls and gates are
built for charging fees.
4. 注意句子的灵活运用。
例如B方观点：40% of the students are for the idea of entrance fee.
A. The fee can be ud to pay gardeners and other workers.
B. The fee can be ud to buy plants and trees.
40% think that fees should be charged becau you need money to pay gardeners and other w orkers，and to
buy plants and young trees. They suggest，however，fees should be charged low.
对于主语一样的两个句子我们就可以用合并句子的方法使得句子变得很简洁明了，干净利落。
5. 注意连接词和过渡词的使用。
* 整体框架的过渡词有：
……主题句…….On one hand, …A方观点…
… On the other hand ….B方观点…
… In short, ……我‟的观点…
* 表示某一方常用的过渡词有：
And ; moreover; what's more; besides; furthermore; Meanwhile etc.
* 双方之间衔接的过渡词有：
However; but; on the other hand; on the contrary; Just the opposite
【巩固练习1】
l、基础写作
请根据以下的情景说明，使用5个规范的英语句子描述全部所给的信息内容。
情景说明：假设你是高三学生李平，近来，你的同学去饭店过生日的现象越来越盛行，对此，同学们有
写作要求：漂四声组词
1. 必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容，可以适当增加细节，使内
容连贯。
2. 将5个句子组织成连贯的短文，其中至少3个句子必须为复合句。
参考词汇：攀比keep up with the Jones
Step One: Looking through the given information审题
1.Style体裁:__________
2. Person时态:____________
3. Ten人称:________
4. Main points要点
七月十三
One: ____________________________________________
Two: ____________________________________________
Three:___________________________________________
Four:_____________________________________________
Step Two ：构思---句型短语
One:____________________________________________
Two:____________________________________________
Three:___________________________________________
Four:_____________________________________________
Step Three：构思---文章结构
提出问题:____________________________________________
不同观点对比:________________________________________
说明自己观点:_________________________________________
Step Four: Write the whole composition：
殷鉴不远意思
___________________________________________________
巩固练习2】读写任务
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Sweet Litter Liars
What if you could submit your kid to a lie detector test of sorts? Would you want to know if your child told the truth? Rearchers at McGill University have been gathering child volunteers aged 3-14 for experiments to study
the role of lying in children‟s development. In one study kids are taken into a room, told to face the w
all and not to turn around, not to peek（偷看）at a toy on the table. But when kids were left alone, time after time the kids would take a look. In fact, 80% of the kids peeked within conds of being alone. Then, when the adult returns to the room and asks if the child turned around, the kids tend to lie. In 74% of kids ranging in age from 4 to 7 lied about it.
“The are not bad children, the are very typical children,” said Victoria Talwar, an assistant professor in developmental psychology. “It‟s natural, normal behavior that children will occasionally tell lies.”
Lying is normal, natural? According to Talwar, lying is a positive developmental milestone. “The fact is that lying isn‟t a good behavior. We don‟t want people to lie,” Talwar continued, “but lying is a good thing in that it‟s a by-product of a positive de velopment in children. So when we e lying in children, it‟s actually a maker of this ability to understand someone el‟s idea.”
写作内容：假设你叫李华，从网上读到上面一篇文章。恰巧《英语周报》就孩子撒谎问题展开讨论，为此，你向周报写了一封信，就孩子撒谎这一现象表达你的看法。以下是信的内容（信的开头和结尾已经为你写好）：
1. 以约30个词概括短文的要点；
2. 以约120个词表达你对孩子撒谎这一现象的看法，并包括如下要点：
（1）你对孩子撒谎这一现象的正反两方面的看法；
（2）以具体事例来支持你的观点；
（3）你的总体结论。
写作要求：可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用阅读材料中的句子。评分标准：概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
May 5, 2008
Dear Editor,
Recently I read a passage about kids‟ lying.弄巧成拙的反义词
l One possible version:
小蠹虫
May 5, 2008
Dear Editor,
Recently I read a passage about kids’ lying.According to the experiment mentioned in the passage, it‟s a natural, normal behavior that children will occasionally tell lies and lying is a positive developmental milestone.
In my opinion, kid‟s lying sometimes is unavoidable. After all, they are too young to understand everything in many cas, so they have to choo to lie to others. For example, a child happens to kick a ball against a window
carelessly and the glass I broken. Maybe in front of the angry adult, the child has to tell a lie that the glass is not broken by him to avoid a vere punishment. Of cour, lying is not what we teach children. To tell the truth is what we want. For example, one day your younger brother stole some money from your pur. In this ca, your brother should tell you the truth or he will not be a good boy.
In short, as for kid‟s lying, we should first know what caus them to lie to others. And then we take some proper measures accordingly to prai them or teach them not to.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
