摘要花符号
摘要
作为元伦理学的开山之作，《伦理学原理》的一个重要的贡献是明确地提出了内在价值的构想。但是，内在价值是如何可能的？这是至今仍争论不休的问题。本文依据《伦理学原理》以及相关文本，重构了G·E·摩尔对内在价值的具体论证，从而一方面回应当代价值论者对内在价值问题的诸种争论，另一方面尝试着更清晰地勾勒摩尔内在价值理论的完整轮廓，以期进一步审视该理论在当代伦理学语境下的真正意义。
文章首先结合摩尔的直觉主义的立场和有关自然主义谬误的批判，分析了内在价值（intrinsic value）的不可分析性：内在价值作为非自然属性并不依附于某些自然属性，而且作为评价属性的内在价值也无法建立在某些事实性的属性、事实和事态之上。如此，内在价值的载体就既不能是某种抽象的属性、未获得的事态，也不是与行为者相关的某种抽象事实，更不可能是某种具有独特性或历史重要性的具体事物。接下来，我们在澄清“何种事物在何种程度上具有内在价值”的问题之后，进一步说明了内在价值如何存在的问题。摩尔以依附原则来阐明内在价值必然依附于事物的内在属性，以绝对孤立法来鉴别内在价值与工具价值的差异，以有机统一原则来澄清整体的内在价值并不等于各部分的价值之和。与此相应地，本文还审视了某些研究者对摩尔内在价值构想的几种质疑，并据此认为，这种内在价值尽管本身并
不具有连贯性，但却预设了其与外在价值之间的某种连贯性。确而言之，内在价值就是依附于事物内在属性的非衍生价值，并且等价于最终价值；而作为手段的价值（即工具价值）则是由内在价值衍生而来的，并且等价于外在价值。最后，至于“我们应当怎么做”的问题，我们认为，正当的行为就是最大化内在价值的行为。由此，内在价值成为行为规范性的唯一来源。
关键词：内在价值；内在善；善；摩尔；《伦理学原理》
Abstract
Abstract
As a pioneering work of metaethics, an important contribution of Principia Ethica is to clearly put forward the conception of intrinsic value. But how is the intrinsic value possible? This is an issue that is still being debated. Bad on Principia Ethica and relevant texts, this thesis reconstructs G.E. Moore’s specific argument on intrinsic value, so as to respond to various arguments of contemporary axiologists on intrinsic value on the one hand, and try to outline more clearly the whole outline of Moore's intrinsic value theory, with a view to further examining the true significance of this theory in the context of contemporary ethics.
Bad on Moore's intuitionism standpoint and his criticism of naturalistic fallacy, this thesis demonstrates inanalyzability of intrinsic value: intrinsic value as a non-natural property does not supervene on the certain natural properties, and as an evaluation property, it cannot be established on certain factual properties, facts and state of affairs. In this way, the bears of intrinsic value can neither be an abstract property, unobtained state of affairs, nor an abstract fact related to the agent, nor a specific thing with uniqueness or historical importance. Next, after the question of "what kind of things have intrinsic value" is gradually clarified, we further illustrate the question of how intrinsic value exists. Moore us the supervenience principle to clarify that intrinsic value must exist supervening on the intrinsic property of things, taking isolation principle to distinguish the difference between intrinsic value and instrumental value. Also, he determines the intrinsic value of the whole by the organic unity principle is not equal to the sum of the values of all the parts. Correspondingly, this thesis also examines veral questions that some rearchers have on Moore's conception of intrinsic value, and concludes that this intrinsic value is not coherent in itlf, but it presuppos a certain coherence between intrinsic value and extrinsic value. To be sure, intrinsic value is the non-derivative value supervene on the intrinsic property of things and is equivalent to the final value, while the value as a means (i.e. instrument value) is derived from the intrinsic value and is equivalent to the extrinsic
Abstract
value. Finally, as for the question of "what should we do", we believe that the right action is the behavior of maximizing the intrinsic value. Thus, intrinsic value becomes the only source of normative action.
Key Words：intrinsic value；intrinsic good；good；Moore；Principia Ethica北京小吃都有哪些
目录
目录
第一章 引言 (1)
第一节选题意义 (1)
第二节研究现状 (2)
第三节研究思路与创新之处 (6)
第二章 内在价值概念的澄清 (8)
第一节从价值到内在价值 (8)
2.1.1 价值的历史渊源 (8)轩辕大帝电影
2.1.2 内在价值的含义分析 (9)
第二节从内在善到内在价值 (10)
2.2.1 内在善与外在善的区分 (10)
2.2.2 不可分析、不可定义的善 (11)
2.2.3 作为内在价值的善 (12)
第三章 内在价值的确立 (14)手上的斗和簸箕的含义
第一节内在价值的载体 (14)
3.1.1 内在性质与内在属性同一？ (15)
3.1.2 抽象的东西是内在价值的载体？ (17)
3.1.3 具体的对象是内在价值的载体？ (19)
办公易第二节内在价值的判断 (21)
3.2.1 依附原则 (21)
3.2.2 绝对孤立法 (22)
第三节内在价值的量化 (24)
空白特殊符号3.3.1 必然性原则 (24)
3.3.2 有机统一原则 (26)
目录
第四章 内在价值的质疑 (29)
第一节内在价值与工具价值 (29)
身体部位单词
4.1.1内在价值与工具价值的对立？ (29)
猫狗壁纸
4.1.2 内在价值具有连贯性(coherence)？ (31)
第二节从内在价值到理想行为 (33)
4.2.1. 理由是规范性的来源？ (34)
4.2.2. 价值是规范性的来源？ (36)
结语 (38)
参考文献 (40)
致谢 (45)
个人简历 (47)
