Literature-3-中英字幕
Hello, everyone, welcome to the cour of Chine Culture!
⼤家好，欢迎来到中国⽂化概要课程！
Today, let’s go on to learn modern and contemporary literature.
今天我们继续来学习现当代⽂学。
Firstly, let’s e some photos. ⾸先，我们来看⼀些照⽚。
Do you know who they are? 你知道他们是谁吗？
Yes, they are important reprentatives of Chine modern and contemporary literature, and they have made great contributions to the prosperity of modern and contemporary literature.全红婵全运会首金
是的，他们是中国现当代⽂学的重要代表，为中国现当代⽂学的繁荣做出了巨⼤的贡献。
Now, let’s start with the modern literature to get a better understanding of the figures.
现在，我们先来讲讲现代⽂学，以便更好地了解这些⼈物。
Modern literature spanned the period from 1919 to the foundation of the People’s Republic of China in 1949.
现代⽂学始于1919年，持续到1949年中华⼈民共和国成⽴。
This period was distinctive as it brought along a new and revid literary language, form, and t of content and skills.
这⼀时期的独特之处在于，它带来了⼀种全新的、经过修订的⽂学语⾔、⽂学形式、内容和技巧。
In 1919, the 4 May Movement which led China to a new epoch took place.
1919年，引领中国进⼊新时代的“五四”运动发⽣了。
The main theme of the Anti-Japane War period is to ek for ways of existence and liberation. 抗⽇战争时期的主题是寻求⽣存和解放的途径。
Works of this peri od focud on people’s l ives with strong political overtones,
这⼀时期的作品以⼈民⽣活为中⼼，带有浓厚的政治⾊彩，
emphasizing opposition to imperialism and feudalism,
强调反对帝国主义和封建主义，
reflect the hard struggle and tremendous sacrifice during the War of Liberation from 1945 to 1949,
反映了1945年⾄1949年解放战争时期的艰苦⽃争和巨⼤牺牲，
微信网名情侣and eulogize the lflessness displayed in the building of socialist New China.
歌颂了建设社会主义新中国的⽆私精神。
Lu Xun, as the founder of modern Chine literature, 作为中国现代⽂学的莫基⼈，was a great thinker, a revolutionary figure in literature with pioneering thoughts.
鲁迅是⼀位伟⼤的思想家，是具有开拓思想的⽂学⾰命⼈物。
He ud literature and art as weapons to transform the national spirit and character.
他将⽂学艺术作为改造民族精神和性格的武器。
His line “Fierce-browed, I coolly defy a thousand pointing fingers. Head-bowed, like a
willing ox I rve the children ” vividly portrays his cultural personality.
他的“横眉冷对千夫指，俯⾸⽢为儒⼦⽜”形象地刻画了他的⽂化品格。
As a very productive and versatile writer, 作为⼀个多产且多才多艺的作家，年轻的母亲迅雷
he wrote stories, poems, essays, literary criticism, and literary history.
他写过⼩说、诗歌、散⽂、⽂学评论和⽂学史。
His first story, A Madman’s Diary, was the first story written in the modern form of Chine literature,
他的第⼀部⼩说《狂⼈⽇记》，是中国现代⽂学的第⼀部⼩说，
symbolizing the great outt of modern Chine fiction.
标志着中国现代⼩说的伟⼤开端。
His first collection of stories was Outcry, 他的第⼀本故事集是《呐喊》，
which includes arguably his most celebrated story, The True Story of Ah Q,
其中包括他最著名的故事《阿Q正传》，
which depicts a humble, ignorant but stubborn and defiant peasant.
讲述了⼀个卑微、⽆知、固执、⽬中⽆⼈的农民的故事。
As an ordinary man, Ah Q experiences, with an utter lack of lf-awareness,
作为⼀个普通⼈，阿Q完全缺乏⾃我意识，
a ries of humiliations and is finally executed during the chaos of the Republican Revolution of 1911.
经历了⼀系列的屈辱，最终在1911年共和国⾰命的混乱中被处决。
Ah Q is considered the personification of the negative traits of the Chine national character. 阿Q被认为是中国国民性格负⾯特征的化⾝。
The term Ah Q-ism was coined to depict rationalization of defeat as a “spiritual victory”.
约翰霍普金斯医院
⼈们编造了术语“阿Q精神”，将失败的合理化描绘为“精神胜利法”。
The writer hoped to awaken Chine people’s awareness and desire for revolution.
作者希望唤起中国⼈民的⾰命意识和⾰命愿望。
Guo Moruo wa s one of modern China’s most important poets.
郭沫若是近代中国最重要的诗⼈之⼀。
He was born in 1892 in a beautiful village at the foot of Mount Emei in Sichuan province.
他于1892年出⽣在四川省峨眉⼭脚下⼀个美丽的村庄。
Guo Moruo was not only a poet, but also a story-writer and dramatist.
郭沫若不仅是⼀位诗⼈，也是⼀位⼩说家和剧作家。
His rearch made an outstanding contribution to the knowledge of ancient Chine history and the Chine language. 他的研究对中国古代历史和汉语做出了杰出的贡献。
The Goddess, his first poetry anthology, gave free rein to his powerful imagination,
《⼥神》是他的第⼀部诗集，在其中他充分发挥了强⼤的想象⼒，
through which he could transform things in the univer into poetic beings that rved as animated objects of his emotional respon.
把宇宙万物变成诗意的存在，使之成为他情感反应的⽣动对象。
By expressing the desire to break the confine of feudalism, voicing strong demands for social reform, 通过表达打破封建束缚的愿望，讲出强烈的社会变⾰诉求，and emitting boundless enthusiasm for the pursuit of high ideals,
表达对崇⾼理想的⽆限追求，
The Goddess distinctly reflects the characteristics of the 4 May Movement.
《⼥神》鲜明地反映了“五四”运动的特点。
His other reprentatives include Qu Yuan, Starry Sky, Zhuo Wenjun, Wang Zhaojun, etc.
他的其它代表作品还有《屈原》、《星空》、《卓⽂君》、《王昭君》等。
Next, let’s talk about contemporary literature. 接下来，我们来聊⼀聊当代⽂学。
It started with the establishment of the PRC in 1949.
它始于1949年中华⼈民共和国成⽴。
The concept of “the 17 Years Literature” usually refers to the period of Chine literature between the founding of New China and the “cultural revolution”.
“⼗七年⽂学”通常是指新中国成⽴到“⽂化⼤⾰命”之间的中国⽂学时期。
Since its excessive emphas of the influence of politics, “the17 Years Lit erature” is always considered stereotyped and stiff.由于过分强调政治的影响，⼈们对“⼗七年⽂学”⼀直有着刻板、僵硬的印象。
The literature of the period from the end of the 1970s to the beginning of the 1980s, often called “scar literature” or “literature of the wounded”,
20世纪70年代末⾄80年代初的⽂学作品，通常被称为“伤痕⽂学”，
discuss the experiences of nt-down youths with great though not complete frankness.子宫糜烂的症状
以⼀种虽不完全但⼗分坦率的态度来探讨下乡知青的经历。
During this period, poetry also changed in its form and content.
在这⼀时期，诗歌的形式和内容也发⽣了变化。
Four “misty poets”—Bei Dao, Gu Cheng, Duo Duo and Yang Lian —expresd themlves in deliberately obscure vers which reflected subjective realism.
四位“朦胧诗⼈”——北岛，顾城，多多和杨炼，刻意⽤隐晦的诗句表达⾃⼰，反映了主观的现实主义。
A spirit of literary experimentation flourished in the cond half of the 1980s.
20世纪80年代后半期，⼀种⽂学实验精神蓬勃发展。
Some fiction writers like Wang Meng experimented with modernist language and narrative modes, 王蒙等⼩说家尝试了现代主义的语⾔和叙事模式，
and The Young Newcomer in the Organization Department was one of the classics.
《组织部来了个年轻⼈》就是其中⼀部经典。
At the turn of the 21st century, Chine literature undergoes great development, especially with the ri of the new generation born in the 1980s.
在21世纪之交，中国⽂学经历了巨⼤的发展，尤其是80后⼀代的崛起。
Their works are in great diversity and full of individuality but cloly related to contemporary society.
他们的作品丰富多彩，富有个性，但⼜与当代社会密切相关。
Han Han is reprentative of the new generation and enjoys high reputation.
韩寒是新⼀代的代表，享有很⾼的声誉。
His first successful novel is Triple Gate, 他第⼀部获得成功的⼩说是《三重门》，
which reveals to the reader the life of a nior high school student, and the contradictions and problems in parent-child, teacher-student, and classmates relationship,
它向读者揭⽰了⼀个⾼中⽣的⽣活，把亲⼦关系、师⽣关系、同学关系的种种⽭盾和问题展现开来，
and reflects the reflection, puzzle and dream from students’ perspective.
反映了学⽣式的思考、困惑和梦想。
Chine writers and literature continue to gain recognition in foreign circles.椰子油怎么吃
In 2012, Mo Yan became the first Chine to receive the Nobel Prize for Literature.
中国作家和⽂学作品不断得到外国的认可。2012年，莫⾔成为⾸位获得诺贝尔⽂学奖的中国⼈。
似梦非梦Born in 1955 and grew up in Gaomi, Shandong province,
莫⾔1955年出⽣于⼭东⾼密，
Mo Yan joined the People’s Liberation Army in 1976, and since then began to study literature and write.
1976年加⼊中国⼈民解放军，从此开始学习⽂学和写作。
In his writings, Mo Yan draws on his youthful experiences and ttings in his birthplace.
莫⾔的作品取材于他出⽣地的早期经历和背景。
His famous works include Red sorghum, Big Breasts and Wide Hips, Life and Death are Wearing Me Out, and the latest novel Frog.
他的著名作品包括《红⾼梁》、《丰乳肥臀》、《⽣死疲劳》和最新的⼩说《青蛙》。
Red Sorghum was successfully filmed by director Zhang Yimou in 1987.
1987年，张艺谋导演成功拍摄了《红⾼梁》。
With the literati’s efforts, Chine literature is prospering and has won an important position in world literature.
在这些⽂⼈的努⼒下，中国⽂学正蓬勃发展，并在世界⽂学中占有重要地位。
Ok, that’s the end of this chapter! Thank you for joining us! Goodbye!
趣事作文好了，本章内容到此结束！感谢⼤家的参与！再见！
