1、In some cultures the esnce of magic is its traditional integrity; it can be efficient only if it has been ------- without loss from primeval times to the prent practitioner.
A, conventionalized
B, realized
C, transmitted
D, manipulated
E, aggrandized
magic: n.魔术，法术，巫术
integrity: n.1.正真，廉正，诚实，诚恳 2.完整，完全 3.完善，健全
primeval: a.原始的，早期的，远古的
efficient: a.1.效率高的，有能力的，能胜任的 2.直接产生效果的，有效的，生效的
conventionalize: a.使符合习俗，使惯例化，按传统手法表现
aggrandize: v.扩大…权势，提高…地位，增进，扩充
在某些文化中，巫术的本质在于其传统的完整性：只有当它被完好无损地从远古时期传递到当今术士的手中，它方能显得卓有成效。
2、Although skeptics say financial problems will probably --------- our establishing a ba on the Moon. Supporters of the project remain ------, saying that human curiosity should overcome such pragmatic constraints.
A, bet.. disillusioned
B, hasten.. hopeful
C, postpone.. pessimistic
D, prevent.. enthusiastic
E, allow.. unconvinced
sceptic: n.怀疑(论)者，〔哲〕不可知论者
pragmatic: a.1.讲究实际的，实干的，重实效的 2.实用主义的 3.国事的，国务的
constraint:n.1.约束，限制 2.强迫，强制 3.克制，抑制，拘束
bet: v.1.困扰，使苦恼 2.包围，围攻
disillusion: v.使幻灭
postpone: v.1.延迟，延缓，使延期 2.把…放在后面
pessimistic: a.悲观(主义)的
尽管怀疑论者声称，经济问题将有可能阻碍我们在月球上建立一个基础，但这一计划的支持者却热情不减，宣称人类的求知欲理应克服这些实际障碍。
3、Before the Second World War, academics still questioned whether the body of literature produced in the United States truly ------- a ------- literature, or whether such literature was only a provincial branch of English literature.
A, symbolized.. local
B, constituted.. national
C, defined.. historical
D, outlined.. good
E, captured.. meaningful
academic: n.1.大学生，大学教师 2.学者，学会会员
provincial: a.1.狭隘的，地方性的 2.外省的，外地的
怎么看显卡温度 symbolize: v.象征，标志
第二次世界大战之前，学者们依然感到疑惑，即在美国创作的全部文学作品是否真正能构成一种民族文学，抑或这种文学只能算作英国文学的一个地方性分支。
4、Many more eighteenth-century novels were written by women than by men, but this
dominance has, until very recently, been regarded merely as ------- fact, a bit of arcane knowledge noted only by bibliographers.
A, a controversial
B, a statistical
C, an analytical
D, an explicit E, an unimpeachable
dominance: n.优势，支配(或统治)地位，最高权力
arcane: a.神秘的，晦涩难解的，秘密的
bibliographer: n.1.书目编制者 2.目录学家，书志学家
explicit: a.1.详述，明确的，明析的 2.直言的，坦率的 3.显然可见的，容易观察到的
鸡柳怎么炸
unimpeachable: a.无瑕疵的，无缺点的，完全可靠的
香山植物园 在十八世纪，女性创作的小说数量相当程度上超过男性创作小说，但女性文学创作的这种主导地位直到最近仅仅被视作一个统计学事实，一点小小的秘密知识，只为文献目录学家所注意。
1、What is most important to the monkeys in the sanctuary is that they are a group; this is so becau primates are inveterately ----- and build their lives around each other.
A, independent
B, stable
C, curious
D, social
E, proprietary
sanctuary: n.禁猎区，鸟兽保护区
primate: n.灵长目动物
inveterate: a.根深蒂固的，积习难改的，顽固不化的
social: a.群集的，群居的
proprietary: a.1.所有人的，业主的 2.财产的，年有财产的，所有权的3.私营的，专卖的，专利的
报道的格式 对于禁猎区内的猴子而言，最重要的一点是它们是一个群体;这之所以如此，是因为灵长目动物具有一种根深蒂固的群居习性，均围绕着对方而营造其生活。
2、Often the difficulties of growing up in the public eye cau child prodigies to ------ the world of achievement before reaching adulthood: happily, they sometimes later return to competition and succeed brilliantly.
A, ridicule
B, conquer
C, retire from
D, antagonize
E, examine
小工作群昵称 prodigy: a.1.爆米花英语怎么说奇迹，奇事 2.奇才，天才
child prodigy: n.神童
ridicule: v.嘲笑，嘲弄，戏弄
antagonize: 引起春天唯美图片…敌意(或反感)，与…抗衡，竭力反对
在公众的心目中成长起来，这方面的种种困难通常致使神童们在到达成年人阶段之前便退离成就的世界;值得庆幸的是，有时他们会在后来回到竞争中来，并取得辉煌的成功。
3、In scientific studies, supporting evidence is much more satisfying to report than are discredited hypothes, but, in fact, the ----- of errors is more likely to be ------ than is the establishment of probable truth.
A, formulation.. permitted
B, correction.. ignored
C, detection.. uful
D, accumulation.. agreeable
E, refinement.. conditional
discredit: v.1.败坏…名声，诽谤 2.使不可置信，证实…是假，对…怀疑，驳倒
hypothesis: n.假说(设)，前提
formulation: n.1.公式化(的表述) 2.系统(或确切)的阐述 3.规划，构想
agreeable: a.1.令人愉快的，惬意的 2.(欣然)同意的，愿意的 3.适合的，一致的
refinement: n.1.高雅，有教养 2.精炼，精制
在科学研究中，报告确凿的证据要比报告被推翻的假设来得远为令人满意，但是，事实上，发现错误要比建立可能的真理或许更为有用。
1、Paradoxically, England’s colonization of North America was ----- by its success: the increasing prosperity of the colonies diminished their dependence upon, and hence their loyalty to, their home country.
A, demonstrated
B, determined
C, altered
D, undermined
E, distinguished
paradoxically: adv.1.似非而是地，佯谬地 2.自相矛盾地 3.悖理地，反常地
colonization: n.殖民统治
prosperity: n.兴旺，繁荣昌盛
loyalty: n.忠诚
demonstrate: v.1.如何取消分节符论证，证明 2.说明，教 3.显示，表露
