大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟题2019年(20)中国海滩
(总分710,考试时间130分钟)
Part III Reading Comprehension
Section C
About the time that schools and others quite reasonably became interested in eing to it that all children, whatever their background, were fairly treated, intelligence testing became unpopular.
Some thought it was unfair to minority children. Through the past few decades such testing has gone out of fashion and **munities have indeed forbidden it.
However, paradoxically, just recently a group of black parents filed lawsuit(诉讼)in California claiming that the state's ban on IQ testing discriminates against their children by denying them the opportunity to take the test(They believed, correctly, that IQ tests are a va
lid method of evaluating children for special education class.)The judge, therefore, reverd, at least partially, his original decision.
And so the argument goes on and on. Does it benefit or harm children from minority groups to have their intelligence tested? We have always been on the side of permitting, even facilitating, such testing. If a child of any color or group is doing poorly in school it ems to us very important to know whether it is becau he or she is of low intelligence, or whether some other factor is the cau.
联通查话费打什么号 What school and family can do to improve poor performance is influenced by its cau. It is not discriminative to evaluate either a child's physical condition or his intellectual level.
Unfortunately, intellectual level ems to be a nsitive subject, and what the law allows us to do varies from time to time. The same fluctuation back and forth occurs in areas other than intelligence. Thirty years or so ago, for instance, white families were encouraged to adopt black children. It was considered discriminative not to do so.
And then the style changed and this cross-racial adopting became generally unpopular, and social agencies felt that black children should go to black families only. It is hard to say what are the best procedures. But surely good will on the part of all of us is needed.
As to intelligence, in our opinion, the more we know about any child's intellectual level, the better for the child in question.
1. Why did the intelligence test become unpopular in the past few decades?
A. Its validity was challenged by **munities.
B. It was considered discriminative against minority children.
C. It met with strong opposition from the majority of black parents.
D. It deprived the black children of their rights to a good education.
2. The recent legal action taken by some black parents in California aimed to_____.
A. draw public attention to IQ testing
B. put an end to special education
C. remove the state's ban on intelligence tests以梦想为话题的作文600字
D. have their children enter white schools
3. The author believes that intelligence testing _____.
A. may ea racial confrontation in the United States
B. can encourage black children to keep up with white children老年人健康知识讲座
C. may riously aggravate racial discrimination in the United States
D. can help black parents make decisions about their children's education
4. The author's opinion of child adoption ems to be that _____.
A. no rules whatsoever can be prescribed
B. white families should adopt black children
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C. adoption should be bad on IQ test results
D. cross-racial adoption is to be advocated
5. Child adoption is mentioned in the passage to show that _____.
A. good will may **plicate racial problems
B. social surroundings are vital to the healthy growth of children
C. intelligence testing also applies to non-academic areas
D. American opinion can shift when it comes to nsitive issues
The desire for achievement is one of life's great mysteries. Social scientists have devoted lifetimes studying the drives that spur us out of bed in the morning, compel us to work or study hard and spark all manner of human endeavors. Indeed, a 1992 textbook actually documents 32 distinct theories of human motivation.
Given this diversity of thought, it's easy to forget that for half a century, American society has been dominated by the psychological school known as behaviorism, or Skinnerian psychology. Although behaviorism and its fundamental principle of "positive reinforcement" have long since lost their sway in academic circles, the Skinnerian legacy remains powerful in every realm of daily life, from the home and classroom to the workplace. Don't want to take the trash out? Do it, and you can go to the movies Friday night. Not in the mood for work? Keep plugging away, and you might get a bonus. Not interested in calculus? Strive for an A in the class, and you'll make the honor roll. The theory may be bankrupt, but incentives and rewards are so much a part of American culture that it's hard to imagine life without them.
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