III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phras marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phra that best fits the context.
vo2Our modern working lives are ruled by the concept of competence(能力). The idea that lies behind competence is quite simple: that one can state what people should do in behavioral terms, and then 41 whether a person has succeeded in meeting that task or not. We rarely have a cond thought about whether the idea of measuring and achieving competence is a good one or not. 42 , it is a debatable one.
Humans do not learn or work in ways that can be measured by the 43 of competence. Take the example of a barista who is being trained to make coffee. The job title of ―barista‖ 44 a degree of skill in making coffee. However, baristas in large coffee chains are usually trained through 45 qualifications. One part of the qualifications is to produce a cup of coffee to meet a(n) 46 standard. It dnf刷图职业
might have to achieve a certain taste and appearance. This might em perfectly reasonable, but there are two reasons why such an approach to training baristas does not 47 .
First, the production of a cup of coffee to a certain standard is a binary (二次元的) 48 . The baristas can either produce a coffee of a certain standard or they cannot. If they happen to produce the best cup of coffee in the world, it does not matter, as competence-bad training does not reward outstanding performance. 49 , producing the worst cup of coffee would be a fail in the same way as producing a cup just below the standard. In fact, competence is not interested in the process of producing a coffee at all—only the final binary outcome.
Second, if the barista does produce a coffee to a certain 50 , competence is not interested in why the barista can do that. But humans are not machines that 51 produce binary outcomes. We have bodies and minds which 52 through learning.
Yet we are increasingly forced to 53 competence in our schools and workplaces. We are not empty machines that simply produce binary outcomes. If we want to be true human in our learning and our workplaces, we need to be 54 and special. Learning and innovation involve failure in aiming for something that is unusually good. Such things simply cannot be 55 by the standard of competence where the mediocre(平凡的) is the gold standard.
41. A.question B. predict C.measure D. confirm
42. A. As a rule B. As a whole C. In other words D. In fact
43. A. impression B. concept C. value D. development
44. A. suggests B. assumes C. derves D. inherits
45. A. society-bad B. lf-bad C. pleasure-badD. competence-bad
46. A. minimum B. unique C. traditional D. international
47. A. last B. work C. exist D. change
48. A.challenge B. appearance C. outcome D. practice
丰子恺简介49. A. Therefore B. Instead C. Moreover D. Likewi
50. A. agreement B. extent C. standard D. description
51. A. typically B. simply C. cheaply D. occasionally
52. A. alter B. expand C. create D. exhaust
53. A. handle B. classify C. transfer D. achieve
54. A. common B. sociable C. creative D. mature
如何熬制阿胶糕55. A. judged B. achieved C. restored D. prented Keys: 41-45 C D B A D 46-50 A B C D C 51-55 B A D C A
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phras marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phra that best fits the context.
Concerns about the harm caud by ―too much‖ screen time—particularly when it is spent on social media—are widespread. But working out what a ―healthy‖____41___might be is far from easy.
Some negative experiences on social media—like___42____how your appearance compares to others—do affect some children. However, this does not mean that technology u in ___43___is harmful and it is difficult to make claims about how it will affect different people.
Consider the picture painted by a UNICEF review of existing rearch into the effects of digital technology on children’s ___44___ comforts, including happiness, mental health and social
life. Rather than stating that social media was harmful, it suggested a more ____45_____effect.
The UNICEF report highlighted a 2017 study that examined 120,000 UK 15-year-olds. Among tho teenagers who were the lightest urs, it was found that increasing the time spent using technology was linked to___46____ comfort—possibly becau it was important for keeping up friendships. ___47____, among the heaviest urs of technology, any increa in time was linked to lower levels of comfort. Overall, the UNICEF study suggested that some screen time could be good for children’s mental health.
A broader look at evidence provided by some other high quality studies again suggests the story is not ___48___. An early study in 2013 looked at how the television and video game habits of 11,000 UK five-year-olds affected them two years later. It is one of few studies actually ___49___ the effects
of technology over time. It suggested that, compared with children who watched one hour of television or less on a weekday, a small increa in conduct problems was en among tho who watched more than three hours each day. Playing electronic games, however, was not en as leading to a greater ____50____ of friendship or emotional problems.
So how much time should our children spend looking at screens? It is difficult to be ___51___ as different people spend time online in such different ways. A uful comparison might be with sugar. Broadly speaking, people___52_____ that too much sugar can be bad for your health. But the effect it might have can depend on many factors, from the type of sugar to the person and the amount. We would not___53____trust anyone who claims to predict how someone is affected by consuming one gram of sugar. The same could be said for ___54___ usage: the outcomes depend on so many factors that only very____55____predictions are possible.
41.A. amount B. comparison C. experience D. medium
42.A. accounting for B. boasting of C. commenting on D. worrying about
43.A. general B. particular C. private D. public
44.A. domestic B. material C. physical D. psychological
45.A. complex B. dramatic C. harmless D. predictable
46.A. improved B. maximum C. relative D. small
47.A. As a rule B. In contrast C. On the whole D. Wor still
48.A. convincing B. definite C. probable D. true
49.A. estimating B. experiencing C. reducing D. tracing
50. A. connection B. power C. promotion D. risk
51. A. balanced B. independent C. preci D. subjective
诗篇第一篇讲章52. A. agree B. forget C. object D. remember
53. A. equally B. readily C. reluctantly D. weakly
54. A. emotion therapy B. social media C. TV broadcasting D. video game
55. A. confident B. optimistic C. rough D. wild
Keys: 41—45 ADADA 46—50 ABBDD 51—55 CABBC
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phras marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phra that best fits the context.农村创业50个项目
Hailing from Sweden, ―plogging‖ is a fitness craze that es participants pick up plastic litter while jogging - adding a virtuous, environmentally driven element to the sport.Plogging appears to have started around 2016, but is now going global, due to increasing awareness and (41)_______ over plastic levels in the ocean.
The appeal of plogging is its (42)_______-- all you need is running gear and a bin bag, and the feeling of getting fit while supporting a good cau. By adding regular squats(蹲) to pick up junk and carrying (43)_______ to jogging, we can assume the health benefits are incread.
Running and good caus have always gone (44)_______ - just think of all the fundraising marathon runners do. But there couldn’t be a more on-trend way of keeping fit than plogging.
Anything that’s getting people out in nature and connecting (45)_______ with their environment is a good thing, says Lizzie Carr, an environmentalist who helped t up Plastic Patrol, a nationwide campaign to (46)_______ our inland waterways of plastic pollution. ―There’s been a real (47)_______ in the public mindt around plastics, helped by things like Blue Planet highlighting ho w disastrous the crisis is,‖ she says.将勤补拙
We need to keep momentum high and the pressure up, and empower people through (48)_______ like plogging and Plastic Patrol.
The Plastic Patrol app allows urs to (49)_______ plastic anywhere in the world by collecting discarded items, photographing them and (50)_______ to the app, giving us a better knowledge of what sorts of plastic and which brands are being thrown out. ―I’d urge all ploggers to get involved,‖ adds Carr.
Plogging isn’t the first fitness tre nd to combine running with a good cau. Here are some of our favourites:
Good Gym
Its idea is simple: go for a run, visit an elderly person, have a chat and some tea, and run back.(51)_______ among the elderly is a growing problem in the UK. With over 10,000 runs so far, (52)_______, Good Gym is finding a solution.
Guide Running
Guide runners volunteer their time to helping blind people get (53)_______. By linking themlves together, the (54)_______ - impaired individual can feel safe while both work up a sweat.
(55) _______ for the Homeless
Start-up Stuart Delivery and the Church Housing Trust collaborated last year in bringing clothing and healthy food to the homeless. Deliveries are mostly made by bike, so tho who deliver keep fit while helping rough sleepers(无家可归者).
41. A. satisfaction B. hesitation C. fear D. control
42. A. complexity B. simplicity C. instrument D. expen
43. A. substance B. responsibility C. value D. weight
44. A. one on one B. head to toe C. hand in hand D. on and off
45. A. positively B. neutrally C. objectively D. fairly
46. A. accu B. rid C. assure D. rob
47. A. shift B. interest C. aid D. delight
48. A. motives B. performances C. exercis D. initiatives
49. A. eliminate B. map C. ek D. degrade
电池充不进电
50. A. leading B. devoting C. ending D. uploading
51. A. Disappointment B. Tiredness C. Sickness D. Loneliness
52. A. therefore B. moreover C. however D. instead
